The Biopsychosocial Model to Identify Risk Factors for Chronic Postoperative Pain in Orthopedic Trauma Surgery Patients (TRAUMA PAIN)

July 1, 2026 updated by: University Hospital, Montpellier
This study aims to assess multidimensional risk factors for chronic post-traumatic pain in orthopedic trauma surgery patients. The purpose is to better understand pain chronification mechanisms by quantifying the interaction between clinical, biological, therapeutic, and psychosocial factors during hospitalization, with the ultimate goal of developing a convergent model to predict patients at risk before hospital discharge.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

According to the International Classification of Diseases 11th (ICD-11) classification, chronic post-traumatic pain is defined as pain persisting for more than 3 months following tissue injury. Given its physical, psychological, and social consequences, chronic pain represents a major source of disability, functional limitation, and impaired quality of life. Chronic pain frequently develops after accidental trauma, particularly in patients sustaining musculoskeletal injuries such as fractures.

Traumatic fractures requiring surgical treatment are among the most common causes of severe acute pain and may result in persistent pain despite fracture healing and satisfactory surgical outcomes. Chronic post-traumatic pain following orthopedic trauma surgery is associated with prolonged functional impairment, delayed return to work, psychological distress, and decreased quality of life.

Current evidence suggests that chronic post-traumatic pain results from a complex interaction between injury-related characteristics, biological vulnerability, therapeutic management, and psychosocial factors. However, these multidimensional determinants remain incompletely understood in orthopedic trauma populations.

The primary objective of this study is to identify early risk factors associated with chronic post-traumatic pain. In this study, patients undergo a comprehensive multidimensional evaluation throughout hospitalization. Fracture-related characteristics, including fracture location, injury severity, surgical management, analgesic strategies, and rehabilitation pathways, as well as therapeutic management, are systematically documented. Psychosocial factors and post-traumatic symptoms are assessed during hospitalization and at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits.

In addition to clinical and psychosocial assessments, biological samples are collected from hospital admission until discharge. This biological component focuses on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF, initially described for its role in synaptic plasticity, has been increasingly implicated in central sensitization processes involved in pain chronification. By integrating clinical, biological, therapeutic, and psychosocial data, this study aims to characterize mechanisms associated with chronic post-traumatic pain and to develop a convergent predictive model to identify patients at high risk prior to hospital discharge.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
600

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adult patients admitted for orthopedic trauma surgery following traumatic fracture

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adult patients aged 18 years or older
  • Surgical treatment for a traumatic fracture
  • Admission to an orthopedic trauma surgery department
  • Ability to participate in follow-up assessments
  • Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patient unable to exercise consent
  • Patients unable to complete the self reported assessment questionnaires

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
TRAUMA-PAIN SURGERY Cohort
This cohort includes adult patients undergoing orthopedic trauma surgery for traumatic fractures
Biological: • biological collection
  • biological collection of residual peripheral venous blood samples
  • use of samples from this collection for BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) analysis
  • collection of data from medical records
  • collection of psychosocial and patient-reported outcome data

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Chronic Post-traumatic Pain
Time Frame: More than 3 months post-trauma

Presence of chronic post-traumatic pain, defined as a visual analog scale (VAS) score greater than 3 persisting more than 3 months post-trauma.

The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain).
More than 3 months post-trauma

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Score
Time Frame: From hospital admission until 6 months post-trauma
Pain intensity assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain).
From hospital admission until 6 months post-trauma
Injury Severity Score (ISS)
Time Frame: Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)
Severity of traumatic injuries assessed using the Injury Severity Score. Scores range from 1 (minor injury) to 75 (most severe injury).
Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)
Pain Catastrophizing Profile
Time Frame: Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)
Pain catastrophizing assessed using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Scores range from 0 (no catastrophizing) to 52 (maximum catastrophizing).
Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)
Trait Anxiety (STAI-Trait)
Time Frame: Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)

Trait anxiety assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait subscale (STAI-Trait).

Scores range from 20 (low trait anxiety) to 80 (high trait anxiety).
Baseline (At hospital admission, day 0)
Anxiety Intensity (Visual Analog Scale)
Time Frame: From hospital admission through 6 months post-trauma
State anxiety intensity assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Scores range from 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (worst imaginable anxiety).
From hospital admission through 6 months post-trauma
Neuropathic Pain Characteristics (DN4 Questionnaire)
Time Frame: During hospitalization and at 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Neuropathic pain characteristics assessed using the DN4 questionnaire. Scores range from 0 (no neuropathic pain) to 10 (definite neuropathic pain).
During hospitalization and at 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)
Time Frame: At 3 and 6 months post-trauma

Pain assessed with the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), including pain severity and pain interference subscales.

Both subscale scores range from 0 (no pain/no interference) to 10 (worst pain/maximum interference).
At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PCL-5)
Time Frame: At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Post-traumatic stress symptoms assessed with the PCL-5 questionnaire. Scores range from 0 (no symptoms) to 80 (severe symptoms).
At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Opioid Misuse (POMI)
Time Frame: At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Opioid misuse assessed with the POMI questionnaire. Scores range from 0 (no misuse) to 6 (high risk of misuse).
At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Quality of Life (SF-12)
Time Frame: At 3 and 6 months post-trauma

Quality of life assessed using the SF-12 questionnaire. Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores range from 0 to 100.

Higher scores indicate better quality of life.
At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Anxiety and Depression (HADS)
Time Frame: At 3 and 6 months post-trauma

Anxiety and depression assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Each subscale ranges from 0 to 21. Total score ranges from 0 to 42.
At 3 and 6 months post-trauma
Serum BDNF Concentration
Time Frame: From admission (before surgery ) until discharge (from day 1 to day 28)
Serum concentration of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor measured during hospitalization.
From admission (before surgery ) until discharge (from day 1 to day 28)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University Hospital, Montpellier

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 21, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 1, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
July 6, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 1, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • TRAUMA PAIN Surgery

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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