The Villainous Vape: Advancing Vaping Prevention Among Adolescents Through a Comic Book

July 27, 2026 updated by: Francisco Cartujano, MD, University of Rochester
This is a randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of The Villainous Vape, a vaping prevention comic book, among adolescents.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
90

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Know how to read and speak English and/or Spanish
  • Be at least 12 but no greater than 17 years old
  • Be willing to complete three study visits over Zoom or a phone call
  • Live in Orleans County, New York

Exclusion Criteria:

  • A household member participating in the study
  • Living outside of Orleans County, New York

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Health Impacts of E-cigarettes
Behavioral: Health Impacts of E-cigarettes
Health Impacts of E-cigarettes is a one-page educational flyer that outlines the impact of using electronic cigarettes and what is being done to mitigate youth vaping. The flyer reviews the dangers of nicotine delivery devices, lung damage, and how to stay safe in the event of social exposure to vaping. Health Impacts of E-cigarettes was developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Active Comparator: Mind Matters: The Body's Response to Nicotine, Tobacco, and Vaping
Behavioral: Mind Matters: The Body's Response to Nicotine, Tobacco, and Vaping
Mind Matters: The Body's Response to Nicotine, Tobacco, and Vaping is a five-page educational brochure that utilizes an illustrative approach to sharing basic information about nicotine and tobacco products. The brochure focuses on the physiological effect of these products, health effects, addiction, and key statistics. Mind Matters: The Body's Response to Nicotine, Tobacco, and Vaping was developed by the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Experimental: The Villainous Vape
Behavioral: The Villainous Vape
The Villainous Vape is an eleven-page comic book that follows Daniel, a high school student who gets addicted to vaping and is hospitalized in the intensive care unit because he develops a lung disease. Support from friends and family helps Daniel make the decision to quit vaping. Throughout the comic, readers are exposed to various vaping-related facts and statistics.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage Of Participants Who Complete the Month 3 Assessment.
Time Frame: Month 3
The percentage will be calculated as the number of participants who complete the Month 3 assessment divided by the total number of enrolled participants.
Month 3
Percentage Of Participants Who Are Satisfied With Their Assigned Intervention at Month 3
Time Frame: Month 3
All participants will be asked the following question at Month 3: "How satisfied are you with the assigned intervention?" Responses will be collected using a 5-item Likert scale. The percentage of participants who are satisfied with their assigned intervention at Month 3 will be calculated as the number of participants who respond "satisfied" or "extremely satisfied," divided by the total number of participants in each group.
Month 3
Percentage Of Participants With Reduced Susceptibility To Future Vaping
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3
Susceptibility to future vaping will be assessed using the susceptibility to e-cigarettes scale. The scale consists of three questions: 1) Have you ever been curious about using e-cigarettes? 2) Do you think you will use e-cigarettes in the next year? 3) If one of your best friends were to offer you an e-cigarette, would you use it? The questions use a 4-point Likert scale ranging from not at all curious (1) to very curious (4) for question one and definitely not (1) to definitely yes (4) for questions two and three. Participants who provide a response other than "not all curious" or "definitely not" will be considered "susceptible". The percentage will be calculated as the number of participants who demonstrate a change from "susceptible" at baseline to "not susceptible" at Month 3, divided by the total number of participants in each group.
Baseline to Month 3

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Rochester

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 31, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 31, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 27, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 27, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 30, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
July 30, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 27, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • STUDY00011905

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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