Motivational Interviews Based on the Five-Step (5A) Model on Obesity Risk

August 12, 2026 updated by: Simay Hiçyılmaz, Istinye University

The Effect of Structured Motivational Interviews Based on the Five-Step (5A) Model on Behavioral Change in Individuals at High Risk of Obesity in Family Medicine: A Mixed-Methods Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a structured motivational interviewing program based on the Five-Step (5A) model works to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in individuals at high risk of obesity. It will also learn about the effects on anthropometric measurements and physical activity levels. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does this structured program promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in individuals at high risk of obesity?
  • To what extent does it increase participants' intrinsic motivation and readiness for behavioral change?

Participants will:

  • Attend structured interview sessions throughout the designated process
  • Visit the clinic at regular intervals for follow-up and evaluations
  • Record their lifestyle changes, physical activity levels, and experiences throughout the process

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
60

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Ümraniye
      • Istanbul, Ümraniye, Turkey (Türkiye)
        • Ümraniye No.19 Family Health Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Simay Hiçyılmaz, MD, PhD Candidate

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged:18-64 years,
  • Body Mass Index (BMI): 25.0-35.0 kg/m² (Overweight or Class I Obesity)
  • Literate,
  • Voluntary agreement to participate.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI): >35.0 kg/m²,
  • Active involvement in a concurrent weight loss program,
  • Current use of anti-obesity medication,
  • Severe psychiatric or cognitive disorders,
  • Pregnancy,
  • Missing more than one motivational interview session,
  • Orthopedic conditions precluding physical activity.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Intervention Group
Experimental Group: Participants receive five structured motivational interviewing sessions over a three-month intervention period, with anthropometric measurements repeated at each session.
Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing
Motivational Interviewing Techniques and the Five-Step (5A) Model Framework
No Intervention: Control Group
Control Group: Participants are monitored with standard routine care over a three-month intervention period without motivational interviewing sessions.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Changes in body mass index measured in kg/m² from baseline to the end of the intervention period.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Change in Body Weight
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Changes in body weight measured in kilograms (kg) from baseline to the end of the intervention period.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Change in Waist Circumference
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Changes in waist circumference measured in centimeters (cm) from baseline to the end of the intervention period.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) Scale Score
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period
Changes in readiness score measured by the 32-item University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scale. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, where higher scores indicate greater readiness for change.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Physical Activity Level
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period.
Changes in physical activity levels measured by the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) instrument from baseline to the end of the intervention period, categorizing participants into four activity levels (active, moderately active, moderately inactive, and inactive) based on occupational physical activity and exercise/cycling hours.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period.
Qualitative Assessment of Motivational Factors
Time Frame: Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period.
Qualitative themes encompassing awareness, motivational barriers, health responsibility, and self-efficacy assessed via in-depth interviews.
Until the end of five motivational interviews that will take place over a three-month period.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Istinye University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Director: Gülhan Kalmuk, Assist. Prof. Dr., Istinye University
  • Principal Investigator: Simay Hiçyılmaz, MD, PhD Candidate, Istinye University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 9, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 12, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 18, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 18, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 12, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 26-249

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study will not be publicly available due to participant privacy but will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request after the publication of the main trial results. De-identified participant data will be shared subject to approval.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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