The Influence of Fluid Intake on Mental Performance

August 24, 2026 updated by: Liverpool John Moores University

Does Altering Daily Fluid Intake and Hydration Status Influence Cortisol Reactivity to Acute Psychosocial Stress?

Over half of the adult population in Europe, Asia and Latin America fail to meet adequate water intake guidelines as advised by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA; 2.5 and 2 litres/day for men and women, respectively coming from both food and drinks). Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that chronic low fluid intake may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal diseases. The association between chronic low fluid intake and increased morbidity risk may be underpinned by elevations in key water-regulating hormones, such as arginine vasopressin (AVP) and its surrogate copeptin, which influence glucose regulation and renal function. For example, AVP stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis to release the stress hormone cortisol with potentially far-reaching effects on metabolism, immunity and inflammation. Prospective cohort studies have demonstrated that exaggerated cortisol responses to acute stress are associated with poor health outcomes.

A recent cross-sectional study (NCT05491122) from our group found that individuals with a low habitual fluid intake experienced greater cortisol reactivity to acute stress than those with a high habitual intake. The findings of this study may provide a potential explanation for why poor hydration and low fluid intake have negative effects on long-term health. We now aim to explore whether altering fluid intake influences cortisol reactivity to acute stress.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
192

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United Kingdom
      • Liverpool, United Kingdom
        • Recruiting
        • Liverpool John Moores University
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • William J Searle, PhD
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Harry K Bell, MSc
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Danielle H McQueen, MSci
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Neil P Walsh, PhD

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals who…

    • …are free-living, who fully understand and agree to the objectives of the study, who gave, signed and dated informed consent, which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the informed consent form and in this protocol.
    • …are 'healthy' men and current combined oral contraceptive (COC)-using women (having taken the COC for at least 3 months and should they be eligible and willing to participate, are happy to continue taking the same COC during the duration of their participation).
    • …are aged 18-35 years
    • …engage in < 5 hours of vigorous exercise a week. This information will be obtained during the initial study brief and using the health screening questionnaire.
    • …have a habitual fluid consumption of ≤ 1.6 L/day OR ≥ 2.9 L/day for men and ≤ 1.5 L/day OR ≥ 2.5 L/day for women, verified by a 7-day fluid intake record.
    • …have a day-to-day variation in fluid intake of ≤ 25%.
    • …have a verified UOsm aligned with the following:
    • IF habitual low TFI, i.e., TFI ≤ 1.5 L/day for women OR ≤ 1.6 L/day for men have a UOsm ≥ 500 mOsm/kg.
    • IF habitual high TFI, i.e., TFI ≥ 2.5 L/day for women OR ≥ 2.9 L/day for men have a UOsm < 500 mOsm/kg.
    • …have a day-to-day variation in UOsm ≤ 28%; UOsm screening will be determined during verification and intervention periods.
    • …have access to a domestic fridge at home so that urine samples can be stored prior to laboratory visits.
    • …have a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m².
    • …have an IOS or Android smart phone and therefore the ability to download the HidrateSpark mobile application.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals who…

    • …are vulnerable, as defined by individuals whose willingness to volunteer in the study may be unduly influenced by the expectation, whether justified or not, of benefits associated with participation, or of a retaliatory response from senior members of a hierarchy in case of refusal to participate (for example, if members of a group with a hierarchical structure linked to the investigator or to the sponsor, subordinate laboratory personnel, and employees of the investigator or sponsor.
    • …are not able to answer questionnaires by writing whatever the reason.
    • …have a loss of personal liberty, by administrative or judicial decision.
    • …engage in > 5 hours of vigorous exercise a week.
    • …engage in endurance exercise bouts lasting longer than 40 minutes.
    • …do not have access to a domestic fridge at home so that urine samples can be stored prior to laboratory visits.
    • …do not have an IOS or Android smart phone and therefore do not have the ability to download the HidrateSpark application.
    • …are currently participating in another relevant clinical study (e.g., likely to influence hydration status or stress responsivity).
    • …have completed the TSST before.
    • …are expected to be living in the same home as a current participant.

Health screening

Individuals who…

  • …have had any surgery or medical procedure requiring a general anaesthesia in the preceding 4 weeks, or who plan to have one during the study.
  • …have an ongoing clinically diagnosed medical condition.
  • …are currently taking prescribed medication for an ongoing medical condition.
  • …are clinically diagnosed with one of the following psychiatric disorders known to influence stress reactivity: melancholic or atypical depression; panic disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder; schizophrenia; social or generalised anxiety disorder; autism spectrum disorder; post-traumatic stress disorder; psychosis.
  • …have a clinically diagnosed sleeping disorder.
  • …are a current smoker (including e-cigarettes and vapes).
  • …have had a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection within the last 2 weeks.
  • …have a clinically diagnosed eating disorder.
  • …have a special medicated diet (e.g., for obesity, anorexia, metabolic pathology).
  • …have changed their dietary habits within the last 4 weeks or plan to change their diet during the study (e.g., start of a high-fibre diet, intentionally reducing or increasing calorie intake).
  • …take dietary supplements known to influence stress reactivity (e.g., high-dose caffeine).
  • …are women not currently on COC (e.g., naturally menstruating, or on progestogen-only forms of contraception, such as IUS, mini-pill, implant or injection).
  • …are women currently using COC but for < 3 months prior to reading the participant information sheet or not planning to continue taking COC during their potential participation in the study.
  • …are pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant during the study or are breast-feeding women.

Total fluid intake screening

Individuals who…

  • …have a daily total fluid intake of:
  • Men: between 1.6 and 2.9 L/day.
  • Women: between 1.5 and 2.5 L/day.
  • …have a day-to-day variation in fluid intake of >25%.
  • …have a UOsm of:
  • Men: < 500 mOsm/kg if habitual TFI is ≤ 1.6 L.day or ≥ 500 mOsm/kg if habitual TFI is ≥ 2.9 L/day.
  • Women: < 500 mOsm/kg if habitual TFI is ≤ 1.5 L/day or ≥ 500 mOsm/kg if habitual TFI is ≥ 2.5 L/day.
  • …have a day-to-day variation in UOsm > 28%.
  • …habitually consume > 1.3 L/day of caffeinated hot beverages (e.g., tea, coffee; 1.3 L equates to 4 average sized mugs) as estimated by a fluid intake record questionnaire.
  • …consume ≥ 91 units of alcohol per month (equivalent to more than 3 pints of beer per day or more than 3 large glasses of red wine per day).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
No Intervention: Verification period
7 consecutive days where participants will drink fluids as they do normally do.
Experimental: Intervention period

7 consecutive days where the participants will be randomly assigned to either the habitual or intervention condition.

  • Habitual: maintain their usual daily total fluid intake.
  • Intervention: habitual low daily TFI will be prescribed a total fluid intake of 3.5 L/day for men and 3.3 L/day for women. Habitual high daily total fluid intake will be prescribed a total fluid intake of 1.3 L/day for both men and women.

On day 8, participants will perform a psychosocial stress test.

Participants will be instructed to maintain their usual intake of other beverages i.e., tea/coffee to achieve their target total fluid intake.
Behavioral: Modifying daily total fluid intake
7-day intervention where the intake of drinking water will either be maintained at habitual level, increased (if habitually low) or decreased (if habitually high). The TFI prescriptions during the intervention are derived from the mean TFI of habitually low and habitually high drinkers from a sex, age and country matched population. Specifically, habitually low drinkers will be permitted a TFI of 3.5 L/day for men and 3.3 L/day for women and habitually high drinkers will be permitted a TFI of 1.3 L/day. Participants will be instructed to maintain their usual intake of other beverages i.e., tea/coffee to achieve their target TFI.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Salivary cortisol reactivity to acute psychosocial stress
Time Frame: Assessed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). Saliva samples will be taken pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) stress test.
Changes in the concentration of salivary free cortisol throughout the psychosocial stress test. Cortisol will be measured in stimulated saliva samples and analysed by ELISA. Delta changes (increase/decrease) in cortisol response will also be calculated.
Assessed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). Saliva samples will be taken pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) stress test.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Plasma copeptin
Time Frame: Copeptin will be assessed using a single blood sample taken on the morning of the main trial (day 8 of intervention period).
Plasma copeptin will be analysed by ELISA and compared cross-sectionally between intervention conditions.
Copeptin will be assessed using a single blood sample taken on the morning of the main trial (day 8 of intervention period).
Urine osmolality (UOsm)
Time Frame: Late-afternoon urine samples will be collected on days 6 and 7 of the verification and intervention periods. Spot urine samples will be collected on the morning and afternoon visits of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
The concentration of osmotic solutes present in the urine, measured using a freezing point depression osmometer.
Late-afternoon urine samples will be collected on days 6 and 7 of the verification and intervention periods. Spot urine samples will be collected on the morning and afternoon visits of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Urine colour
Time Frame: Late-afternoon urine samples will be collected on days 6 and 7 of the verification and intervention periods. Spot urine samples will be collected on the morning and afternoon visits of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Urine colour, a common marker used for assessing hydration status, will be assessed using a urine colour chart that has been developed to assess urine concentration in healthy humans.
Late-afternoon urine samples will be collected on days 6 and 7 of the verification and intervention periods. Spot urine samples will be collected on the morning and afternoon visits of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Plasma osmolality
Time Frame: A venous blood sample will be taken on the morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
A marker of intracellular osmolality, measured using a freezing point depression osmometer. Plasma will be derived from venous blood.
A venous blood sample will be taken on the morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Sleep duration
Time Frame: Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8.
Total sleep time (minutes) will be measured using accelerometery-based movement data recorded using a wrist-worn actigraph.
Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8.
Sleep efficiency
Time Frame: Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8.
Sleep efficiency will be calculated using the following equation: (total sleep time/total time in bed) * 100.
Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8.

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
State anxiety (STAI-S) response to acute psychosocial stress
Time Frame: Assed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). The STAI-S will be administered pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) stress test.
State anxiety will be assessed throughout the acute stress test using the state aspect (form Y1) of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S).
Assed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). The STAI-S will be administered pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) stress test.
Subjective stress response to acute psychosocial stress
Time Frame: Assessed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). The Subjective Stress Scale will be administered pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) post stress test.
Subjective stress will be assessed using the Subjective Stress Scale, a 0-9 Likert scale where participants rate how stressed they feel right now (0 = no subjective stress experience, 4 = moderate subjective stress experience, 9 = extreme subjective stress experience).
Assessed during the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). The Subjective Stress Scale will be administered pre (-30 and -5 minutes) and post (+0, +10, +20, +30, +45 and +60 minutes) post stress test.
Trait anxiety (STAI-T) profiling
Time Frame: The STAI-T will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
Trait anxiety will be measured using the trait aspect (form Y2) of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T). The STAI-T will be used as a part of participant profiling and demographic assessment.
The STAI-T will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
Sleep quality (PSQI) profiling
Time Frame: The PSQI will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) will be used to profile participants' sleep quality in the month prior to the study.
The PSQI will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
Perceived stress (PSS) profiling
Time Frame: The PSS will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) will be used to profile participants' perceived stress in the month prior to the study.
The PSS will be administered once, immediately after enrolling.
Perceived stress during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: The PSS-week will be administered on the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods) and the morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
A modified version of the PSS referring to the "last week" instead of "last month" (PSS-week) will be used to assess perceived stress during the verification and intervention periods.
The PSS-week will be administered on the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods) and the morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Sleep quality during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: Up to 2 weeks. Assessed daily from day 1-7 of the verification period and day 1-7 of the intervention period.
Participants will rate their sleep quality for the previous night on scale of 1 to 4. 1 = Very Poor, 2 = Poor, 3 = Good, 4 = Very good. This question will be completed as part of a larger daily study diary.
Up to 2 weeks. Assessed daily from day 1-7 of the verification period and day 1-7 of the intervention period.
Mood during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: The BRUMS will be administered on the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods) and morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) will be used to assess mood over the last week, and will be used to characterise mood during the verification and intervention periods.
The BRUMS will be administered on the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods) and morning of the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period).
Nocturia during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: Up to 2 weeks. Assessed daily from day 1-7 of the verification period and day 1-7 of the intervention period.
The number of night time voids will be self-reported, followed by a question assessing how much this bothered the participant on a scale of 1 (Not at all) to 10 (A great deal). These will be completed as part of a larger daily study diary.
Up to 2 weeks. Assessed daily from day 1-7 of the verification period and day 1-7 of the intervention period.
Heart rate during acute psychosocial stress
Time Frame: Continuously measured during the stress test on the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). Heart rate measurement will start at 30 minutes pre-stress test and continue until 60 minutes post-stress test.
Heart rate will be measured using a telemetric chest strap.
Continuously measured during the stress test on the main trial (day 8 of the intervention period). Heart rate measurement will start at 30 minutes pre-stress test and continue until 60 minutes post-stress test.
Thirst sensation during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: Every evening during days 1-7 of the verification and intervention periods.
A subjective rating of thirst will be recorded on a scale from 0 (not thirsty at all) to 7 (very, very thirsty) and a visual analogue scale ranging from "not thirsty" to "very thirsty". The ratings will be completed in the evening (approx. 30 min before bed) as part of a larger daily study diary.
Every evening during days 1-7 of the verification and intervention periods.
Daily total fluid intake (TFI) during the verification and intervention periods
Time Frame: Up to 15 days. Daily from day 1 to 7 of the verification period and day 1 to 8 of the intervention period.
TFI will be recorded as part of a larger daily study diary. For this study, TFI refers to all drinks consumed e.g., water, tea/coffee, milk, juice, soft drinks and alcohol. Each drink will be recorded as close to the time of consumption as possible.
Up to 15 days. Daily from day 1 to 7 of the verification period and day 1 to 8 of the intervention period.
Skin issue profiling
Time Frame: The SkinCARE Questionnaire will be administered once, during the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods).
The SkinCARE Questionnaire will be used to profile participants for self-reported skin issues experienced in the previous 4 weeks.
The SkinCARE Questionnaire will be administered once, during the familiarisation visit (between verification and intervention periods).
Physical activity
Time Frame: Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8
Actigraphy data analysed to estimate physical activity
Verification period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the end of the verification period. Intervention period: an actigraph will be worn continuously from day 5 until the stress test on day 8

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Liverpool John Moores University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Unilever R&D

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Neil P Walsh, PhD, Liverpool John Moores University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 22, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 17, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 24, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 27, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 24, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Everyday Hydration Study 1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

Only IPD used in the results publication(s).

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Beginning 3 months after publication with no end date.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

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