Evaluating the Effectiveness of Intramuscular Versus Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Minimizing Blood Loss After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial

September 7, 2026 updated by: Alexandria University
Intramuscular vs. Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Total Hip Arthroplasty

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
128

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Early Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
      • Alexandria, Egypt
        • Recruiting
        • Alexandria university main hospitals
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Adult patients aged 18 years and older.
  2. Scheduled to undergo elective primary total hip arthroplasty.
  3. Able to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 1. History of renal failure or kidney transplant. 2. History of an arterial thromboembolic event (such as myocardial infarction or stroke) within the past year.

    3. Placement of an arterial stent within the past year. 4. History of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). 5. Known contraindications to tranexamic acid. 6. Pregnancy or breastfeeding. 7. Refusal to participate or refusal to consent to receive blood products.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Intramuscular TXA
Tranexamic acid 1 gram administered via deep intramuscular injection into the lateral thigh or deltoid muscle prior to surgery. Anesthesia maintained with a balanced inhalational technique (isoflurane 1-1.5% in oxygen-enriched air) and baseline fluid therapy 10 ml per kg per hour of lactated Ringer's solution).
Drug: Tranexamic Acid (TXA) intarmuscular
Tranexamic acid 1 gram administered via deep intramuscular injection into the lateral thigh or deltoid muscle prior to surgery.
Active Comparator: Intravenous TXA
Tranexamic acid 1 gram administered intravenously over 10 minutes, following standard protocols, prior to surgery. Anesthesia maintained with a balanced inhalational technique (isoflurane 1-1.5% in oxygen-enriched air) and baseline fluid therapy 10 ml per kg per hour of lactated Ringer's solution).
Drug: Tranexamic Acid (TXA) intravenous
Tranexamic acid 1 gram administered intravenously over 10 minutes, following standard protocols, prior to surgery.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Change of Hemoglobin Concentration
Time Frame: From baseline (preoperative) up to hospital discharge (typically 3-5 days postoperatively).
From baseline (preoperative) up to hospital discharge (typically 3-5 days postoperatively).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative Calculated Blood Loss
Time Frame: From day 1 Up to hospital discharge.
Volume of total blood loss calculated as a function of patient characteristics (sex, height, weight) and perioperative hemoglobin balance using standard Gross and Nadler mathematical formulas.
From day 1 Up to hospital discharge.
Postoperative Calculated Hemoglobin Loss
Time Frame: From day 1 Up to hospital discharge.
Total mass of hemoglobin loss calculated based on patient baseline physical parameters and perioperative hemoglobin balance.
From day 1 Up to hospital discharge.
Number of Blood Units Transfused
Time Frame: From the start of surgery at day 1 up to hospital discharge.
The total cumulative units of blood products administered per patient.
From the start of surgery at day 1 up to hospital discharge.
Blood Transfusion Rate
Time Frame: From day 1 at the start of surgery up to hospital discharge
The percentage/proportion of patients requiring allogeneic blood transfusion.
From day 1 at the start of surgery up to hospital discharge
Length of Hospital Stay
Time Frame: Up to 30 days postoperatively.
Total number of days from surgical admission to official hospital discharge
Up to 30 days postoperatively.
Incidence of Thromboembolic Events
Time Frame: Up to 30 days postoperatively.
Frequency of clinical or diagnostic thromboembolic complications (including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or stroke
Up to 30 days postoperatively.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Alexandria University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 15, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 12, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 14, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 7, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 0307144

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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