Melatonin in Posterior Mandible Extraction Socket

November 2, 2026 updated by: Ahmed Safwat Moustafa, Cairo University

Effect of Local Melatonin Gel Versus Placebo Gel Application on Bone Regeneration in Mandibular Posterior Teeth Extraction Sockets With Radiographic and Histopathological Evaluation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This study will be conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. It will include patients aged 18-30 years presenting with non-restorable mandibular molars indicated for extraction and delayed implant placement.

Eligible patients will be randomly allocated into two equal groups:

  • Group I (Intervention group): Extraction sockets will be filled with locally applied melatonin gel.
  • Group II (Control group): Extraction sockets will be filled with placebo gel. All patients will undergo atraumatic tooth extraction under local anesthesia, followed by socket curettage, saline irrigation, application of the allocated gel, collagen membrane coverage, and primary wound closure.

Postoperative care will include standardized medications and oral hygiene instructions. Patients will be followed up clinically and radiographically. CBCT will be used to assess the primary outcome, which is the dimensional change in vertical alveolar bone height (ΔH). At 12 weeks, core biopsy specimens will be obtained for histopathological assessment of bone quality, including newly formed bone, bone maturation, trabecular architecture, and osteoblastic activity.

Sample size: The total sample size will be determined based on the primary outcome (ΔH), using an appropriate statistical power calculation, with equal allocation between the two groups. The final number of participants will be specified according to the statistician's sample size calculation.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
40

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 30 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients aged 18-30 years
  • Presence of non-restorable mandibular molars indicated for extraction
  • Patients with good general health
  • Adequate oral hygiene
  • Patients willing to undergo implant placement after 4 months
  • Patients who provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with systemic diseases affecting bone healing (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, osteoporosis)
  • Patients receiving medications affecting bone metabolism (e.g., corticosteroids, bisphosphonates)
  • Heavy smokers
  • Presence of acute infection or pathological lesions at the extraction site
  • Pregnant or lactating females

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: placebo group
Drug: Placebo group

Eligible patients will undergo atraumatic extraction of non-restorable mandibular molars under local anesthesia, followed by socket curettage and irrigation with sterile 0.9% saline.

The extraction socket will be filled with locally applied placebo gel. A collagen membrane will then be adapted to cover the socket, followed by primary wound closure using interrupted sutures.

All participants will receive standardized postoperative medications and oral hygiene instructions. Clinical follow-up will be conducted at 3 days and 1 week postoperatively. At 12 weeks, CBCT examination will be performed to assess changes in vertical alveolar bone height (ΔH), followed by core biopsy for histopathological evaluation of bone quality.
Experimental: melatonin group
Drug: Melatonin group

Eligible patients will undergo atraumatic extraction of non-restorable mandibular molars under local anesthesia, followed by socket curettage and irrigation with sterile 0.9% saline.

The extraction socket will be filled with locally applied melatonin gel. A collagen membrane will then be adapted to cover the socket, followed by primary wound closure using interrupted sutures.

All participants will receive standardized postoperative medications and oral hygiene instructions. Clinical follow-up will be conducted at 3 days and 1 week postoperatively. At 12 weeks, CBCT examination will be performed to assess changes in vertical alveolar bone height (ΔH), followed by core biopsy for histopathological evaluation of bone qualit

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
the dimensional change in vertical alveolar bone height
Time Frame: 12 weeks

radiographically by cone beam C.T
12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Cairo University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 30, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 10, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 2, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 2, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
November 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
November 6, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 2, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 91941999

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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