A Comparison of Atovaquone and Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in HIV-Infected Patients Who Cannot Take TMP/SMX

June 23, 2005 updated by: Glaxo Wellcome

A Randomized, Open-Label Trial of High Dose Atovaquone Versus Low Dose Atovaquone Versus Aerosolized Pentamidine for Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With HIV Infection Who Are Intolerant of TMP/SMX

To assess whether high dose or low dose atovaquone suspension is more effective than aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in high-risk HIV-infected patients. To compare the safety of chronic administration of the three regimens in patients with advanced HIV disease. To determine the relationship between steady state atovaquone plasma concentrations and prophylactic efficacy against PCP.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Patients are randomized to receive oral atovaquone at 1 of 2 doses once daily or aerosolized pentamidine once every 4 weeks. Treatment continues until 18 months after the last patient is enrolled. Patients are stratified into primary or secondary prophylaxis strata based on prior occurrence of a PCP episode.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment

615

Phase

  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Florida
      • Maitland, Florida, United States, 32751
        • Goodgame Med Group
      • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33609
        • Bay Area AIDS Consortium
    • New York
      • New York, New York, United States, 10011
        • Saint Vincent's Hosp and Med Ctr
    • Ohio
      • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 452670405
        • Holmes Hosp
    • Virginia
      • Hampton, Virginia, United States, 23666
        • Hampton Roads Med Specialists

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

13 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

  • Antimicrobial agents not specifically prohibited.

Concurrent Treatment:

Allowed:

  • Transfusion.

Patients must have:

  • HIV positivity.
  • Prior PCP (histologically confirmed) OR documented CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 OR constitutional symptoms such as thrush or unexplained fever (> 100 F) for 2 or more weeks.
  • No current or suspected active PCP, and no signs of active PCP on chest x-ray.
  • Prior intolerance to TMP/SMX or other trimethoprim or sulfa-containing regimens.
  • Life-expectancy of at least 6 months.

NOTE:

  • Pregnant women are eligible at the discretion of the investigator.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

  • Significant psychosis or emotional disorder that would preclude study compliance.
  • Severe chronic diarrhea (e.g., > five stools/day) that may negatively affect absorption of oral medication.
  • Unable to take oral medication or unable or unwilling to take medication with food.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Rifampin.
  • Other investigational agents except for drugs available through Treatment INDs or expanded access programs.
  • Medications likely to have anti-pneumocystis effect (e.g., dapsone, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, trimetrexate, other DHFR inhibitors, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, other sulfonamides, primaquine, clindamycin, and sulfonylureas.
  • Corticosteroids in greater than physiologic replacement doses for more than 21 consecutive days.
  • Systemic therapy for CNS toxoplasmosis, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, other active malignancies, or other disease that may decrease life expectancy or confound assessment.

Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded:

  • History of severe or intractable intolerance to atovaquone or aerosolized pentamidine.
  • Prior hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, arrhythmias, or severe hypotension associated with any form of pentamidine.
  • Prior enrollment in this protocol. Active substance abuse that would preclude study compliance.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Glaxo Wellcome

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 2, 1999

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2001

First Posted (Estimate)

August 31, 2001

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

June 24, 2005

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 23, 2005

Last Verified

August 1, 1997

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 227B
  • 230

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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