Early Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy Including Enfuvirtide in HIV-1-Related Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy (ANRS125)

April 1, 2026 updated by: French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis

Early Intensification of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Including FUZEON® in the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy During HIV-1 Infection ANRS 125 Trial

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare infectious disease of the brain, provoked by the JC virus. It usually occurs in subjects with impaired immune system as during HIV infection. To date, there is no specific antiviral treatment susceptible to cure PML. But it was shown in the setting of HIV-related PML, that combination antiretroviral therapy allows a restoration of the immune system and then might stop the progression of PML.

The objective of this study is to appreciate the supplementary efficiency brought by an association of more powerful antiretroviral molecules including enfuvirtide on the evolution of PML. This research program will involve 30 patients in several centres in France. All the patients who will participate will receive enfuvirtide during 6 months in association with a combination of two or more potent antiretroviral drugs. The total duration of follow-up for a patient will be of 1 year.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The aim of this open-label multicentre study is to estimate the effect of an early therapy intensification based on potent antiretroviral combination including enfuvirtide(FUZEON®) on survival in patients with HIV-1-related progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML).

To demonstrate that the observed rate is significantly superior to 45%, the inclusion of 24 patients is necessary. At last, 30 patients will be recruited towards the risk estimated at 25% of invalid inclusion.

Patients will be included on the following criteria : HIV-1 documented by Western Blot, clinical and radiological (MRI) evidence of active LEMP with clinical evolution (or deterioration) for less than 90 days, documentation of PML diagnosis for less than 30 days at the inclusion, informed consent (patient or confidence surrogate if decision making incapacity). Exclusion criteria will be the following: age less than 18-year-old ; concomitant opportunistic infection of the central nervous system; pregnancy - feeding; co-infection by the HIV2; history of immunotherapy (interleukin 2, alpha-interferon) or of treatment by FUZEON®; history of treatment by cidofovir; contra-indication to receive FUZEON ®.

An independent committee will meet regularly to estimate the validity of PML diagnosis in included patients.

The duration of the treatment by FUZEON® is 6 months in association with a combination of two or more antiretroviral molecules which will be pursued during the next 6 months. These molecules will be chosen according to the past treatment of the patients. A combination including efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, and tenofovir/emtricitabine (under the shape of TRUVADA®) will be proposed to the naïve patients. For the pretreated patient(approximately a quarter of the inclusions), antiretroviral therapy will be chosen in every case on the basis of the therapeutic history and of the viral genotypes of resistance. Such association will contain at least two antiretroviral molecules, issued from two different families among the three following ones (nucleoside inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase, non-nucleoside inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase, protease inhibitors).

The projected duration of the period of inclusion will be 18 months. A total duration of 2.5 years is projected.

Evaluation criteria of the ANRS 125 trial are the following. Clinical: rate of survival and functional score (Modified Rankin Outcome Scale) to M12. Virological: evolution of the JC viral load in the CSF ; and percentage of patients with JC virus clearance of the CSF to M3 and M6. Immunological: evolution of T CD4 and T CD8 subpopulations. Evolution of the anti-JC virus specific T cell (CD4 and CD8) responses. Pharmacological: dosage of the concentration of enfuvirtide in the CSF compared with the plasma.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment

30

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • France
      • Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, 94270
        • Service de Medecine interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Bicetre

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 18 years of age and older
  • Have confirmed laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection
  • Presenting with a clinical history of active PML evolving (or continuing to deteriorate) for less than 90 days
  • Diagnosis of PML documented for less than 30 days at the inclusion by cerebral imaging (MRI) AND the absence of another demonstrated etiology AND the detection of JCV DNA in the CSF by qualitative PCR.
  • Signed written inform consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Concomitant opportunistic infection of the central nervous system
  • Pregnancy, breast-feeding
  • Co-infection by the HIV2
  • History of immunotherapy including interleukin-2 and alpha-interferon
  • History of treatment by FUZEON® or by cidofovir
  • Contra-indication to receive FUZEON

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Estimation by the method of Kaplan-Meier of the rate of survival at M12

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Rate of survival and functional score (Modified Rankin Outcome Scale) at M12
Evolution of the JC viral load in the CSF and percentage of patients with JC virus clearance of the CSF to M3 and M6
Evolution of the CD4 and CD8 T cells sub-populations and of the antivirus JC specific T cell responses at M12
Dosage of the concentration of enfuvirtide in the CSF

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis

Collaborators

Gilead Sciences
Hoffmann-La Roche

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Jacques Gasnault, MD, Hopital Bicetre Kremlin Bicetre France
  • Study Chair: Dominique Costagliola, Inserm U720

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

April 1, 2005

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2007

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 11, 2005

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 11, 2005

First Posted (Estimated)

July 18, 2005

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 2, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 1, 2026

Last Verified

December 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ANRS 125
  • 2005-000424-16 (EudraCT Number)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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