The Effects of Two Days of Bedrest on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetics

March 8, 2024 updated by: University of New Mexico

Effect of a 2-day Bed Rest on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

The hypothesis of this study is that bed rest in diabetic patients will result in a deterioration of metabolic control (primarily glucose).

Specific aims:

  1. To determine the change in metabolic control in type 2 diabetic individuals when three days of bed rest is compared to three days of activity;
  2. To determine the rate of progression of the deterioration in metabolic control and the magnitude of the decrease;
  3. To assess whether the anticipated deterioration of metabolic control has effects on several parameters of glucose metabolism, including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia;
  4. To determine the effects of bed rest on surrogate markers of atherosclerosis, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine.
  5. To compare the effects of 48 hours of bed rest on orthostatic responses in type 2 diabetic patients, and healthy non-diabetics.
  6. To make recommendations to the diabetic community to prevent metabolic deterioration during a 3 day hospitalization.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The goal for all diabetic patients is to maintain their metabolic control as close to normal as possible to prevent the short and long term complications of diabetes. Surgery of any type presents a unique challenge to the diabetic patient because two factors tend to worsen their metabolic control 1) the stress of the actual surgery and 2) the bed rest that follows the surgery. Data has clearly shown that surgery increase counter regulatory hormones (epinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol). What has not been studied is the effect of bed rest per se on metabolic control. This is surprising because there are many studies in normal healthy people demonstrating that simple bed rest increases insulin resistance and worsens metabolic control.

The proposed study will define the metabolic effects of simple, three-day bed rest on metabolic control in healthy type 2 diabetic volunteers while evaluating the orthostatic response after bed rest. All studies will be done in the inpatient, General Clinical Research Center (GCRC). All volunteers will stop their oral antidiabetic medication before they enter the GCRC. They will be placed on intravenous insulin to prevent severe metabolic deterioration and hyperglycemia. The amount of insulin we have to give them to maintain metabolic control will be one measure of the effects of bed rest on metabolic control.

Experimental Design and Methods.

A crossover study in twenty healthy normal and twenty healthy type 2 diabetic subjects will be utilized. Each subject will be admitted the the GCRC the night prior to beginning the study in order to insure metabolic stability at the start of the protocol. Each subject will stay in the GCRC three full days (three nights) from the time of admission. Each subject will be admitted on two separate occasions, separated by at least a two week interval. A diagram of the protocol is given below:

The primary difference between the two admissions will be the amount of physical activity allowed each subject. On the normal physical activity GCRC admission, the subject will be encouraged to stay our of bed until his/her usual bedtime. All procedures and meals will take place in the GCRC but in between times the subject will be encouraged to walk around the hospital and to carry out normal activities of daily living. On the bed rest GCRC admission, the subjects will be encouraged to stay in bed as much as possible and to use a bedside commode. A tilt test was performed on the morning of the first day of each hospitalization and again 48 hours later. The same testing will be done as in the normal activity admission.

All medications that the volunteer usually takes at home will be continued in the hospital.

The volunteer will be in the GCRC for three days: Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3. The following tests will be done on the three days:

Day 1 - Blood will drawn for fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as surrogate markers of atherosclerosis including PAI-1, IL-6, homocysteine, fibrinogen, and CRP. In addition, a tilt table test will be done to assess autonomic response to activity or bedrest.

Day 2 - Blood will drawn for fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as surrogate markers of atherosclerosis including PAI-1, IL-6, homocysteine, fibrinogen, and CRP.

Day 3 - Blood will drawn for fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as surrogate markers of atherosclerosis including PAI-1, IL-6, homocysteine, fibrinogen, and CRP. In addition, a tilt table test will be done to assess autonomic response to activity or bed rest.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

16

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New Mexico
      • Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 87131
        • University of New Mexico, Clinical Translational Science Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

21 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Type 2 diabetic for at least 6 months.
  • Healthy volunteers.
  • Type 2 diabetic subjects will have some nominal ability to secrete endogenous insulin as demonstrated by a post-stimulation C-peptide concentration of at least 6 ng/ml.
  • All subjects will be mentally fit to give informed consent.
  • Hemoglobin A1C value below 11% (normal range = 4.4-5.8%) prior to study enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Hemoglobin A1c values > 11%
  • Severe cardiovascular, hepatic, or renal disease
  • Past current history of drug or alcohol abuse
  • Diabetic gastroparesis
  • Uncontrolled hypertension ( > 140-90 mmHg)
  • Marked hyperlipidemia (serum LDL > 158mg/dl, or serum TG >691 mg/dl)
  • Medications that interfere with glucose homeostasis
  • Coumadin or other anticoagulation medications
  • History of thrombosis or thrombophlebitis
  • Current malignancy
  • Smoker
  • Pregnancy
  • Contact precautions

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: 1
Study 1 is the control arm in which participants continue with their normal activity.
Experimental: 2.
Study 2 consists of 48 hours of complete bed rest.
Other: Study 2 (48 hours of complete bed rest)
Effects of 48 hours of bed rest on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic subjects.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Insulin resistance and orthostatic response
Time Frame: 48 hours bed rest and 48 hours activity
48 hours bed rest and 48 hours activity

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Change in glucose, insulin, and orthostatic impairment.
Time Frame: 48 hours of bed rest and 48 hours of Activity
48 hours of bed rest and 48 hours of Activity

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of New Mexico

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: David S Schade, M.D., University of New Mexico

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2003

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2004

Study Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2006

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 26, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 27, 2007

First Posted (Estimated)

July 30, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 12, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 8, 2024

Last Verified

March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 03-163

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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