Recolonisation of Bacteria in Hands and Possible Bacterial Leakage From Glove Cuff in Cardiac Surgery

Recolonisation of Bacteria in Hands and Possible Bacterial Leakage From Glove Cuff in Cardiac Surgery. Differences in Microbial Flora and Recolonisation Between Hospital and Non-hospital Persons. A Controlled Clinical Trial.

This study aims to investigate if recolonisation of the hand flora occur after surgical hand washing and is there a bacterial leakage at the glove cuff site in cardiac surgery? Also investigate if thera are differences in microbial flora and recolonisation between hospital and non-hospital persons.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Bacterial Growth
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Surgical hand disinfection.

Detailed Description

With emerging antibiotic resistant bacteria it is necessary to try to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs).Not only because of suffering and death but also because of increased costs. For a deep sternal infection the cost can be doubled or even tripled. Sternal wound complications can occur from low numbers up to almost 10%, with different severity, depending on follow up routines In an intraoperative environment causative bacteria often originate from either patient or surgical team. One of many preventing measures is to keep patients and surgical members as sterile as possible when it´s the number of bacteria that overcome the host defense that lead to infection. The most common bacteria causing sternal infection is Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) 46% Staphylococcus aureus, 26% and gram- negative bacteria, 18%. One preventing measure is to wear surgical gloves, and to wear double gloving for easy detection of puncture in outer glove. When using indicator gloves there becomes a dark spot were the hole is which tells you to change the glove. At the glove cuff end it often indicate fluid of some sort by getting dark where the sleeve of the gown meets the glove cuff. One may suspect that the fluid thrives from the hand, and if so does the fluid contains any bacteria from the hands. In open heart surgery surgical team wear their gloves for a long period of time. Research implicates that it occurs some recolonisation of bacteria inside the gloves. Does recolonisation of the hand flora occur after surgical hand washing and is there a bacterial leakage at the glove cuff site? It´s discussed that people that are in contact with hospitals carries more bacteria than others and being admitted to hospital before surgery is a risk factor. It is also known that hospital workers are carriers of more bacteria and possibly also carriers of resistant bacteria. At the other hand hospital workers often wash and disinfect their hands. Are there differences in bacterial recolonization of hand flora between hospital staff at an operating department than people in average society who have little or no contact with hospitals?

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 28
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Sweden
  • Örebro, Sweden, 701 85
    • Örbro university hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Operating nurse at the department and non-hospital persons

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participated previously in present study
• Use of gloves with antimicrobial effect
• Patient with a known infection

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Screening
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: OR nurse group; OR nurses (14) who agreed to participate were asked to perform a surgical hand disinfection accordingly to clinic routine. When hands were dry cultures were first obtained at 3 sites, using a moist with saline nylon flocked swab (Copan ESwab, Italia SpA). After hand disinfection; 1) in right hand palm, 2) between index finger and middle finger, 3) nail/cuticle of index finger. When surgery were completed and before disposal of gloves and gown the fourth culture were taken where the glove cuff meets the gown sleeve, under and above, the inner glove of all OR nurses.When gloves were removed cultures were taken again at three sites on the hand, approximately 2-3 hours.	Procedure: Surgical hand disinfection.; Bacterial recolonization
Experimental: Non-hospital group; Non-hospital volunteers who agreed to participate were asked to perform a surgical hand disinfection accordingly to clinic routine. When hands were dry cultures were first obtained at 3 sites, using a moist with saline nylon flocked swab (Copan ESwab, Italia SpA). After hand disinfection; 1) in right hand palm, 2) between index finger and middle finger, 3) nail/cuticle of index finger. This group whore gowns and gloves for approximately 2-3 hours but not kept sterile. The Culture at the glove cuff were left out. When gloves were removed cultures were taken again at three sites on the hand.	Procedure: Surgical hand disinfection.; Bacterial recolonization

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Leakage from gloves at the glove cuff site as bacterial growth cfu/mL	Cultures taken after hand wash and after wearing surgical gloves for about 3 hours	3 to 4 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Differences between hand flora and its recolonisation, between hospital staff and non-hospital persons showed as bacterial growth, cfu/mL.	Cultures taken after hand wash and after wearing surgical gloves for about 3 hours	2-3 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Örebro University, Sweden
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Camilla Wistrand, phd student, Örebro University, Sweden

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Wistrand C, Soderquist B, Falk-Brynhildsen K, Nilsson U. Exploring bacterial growth and recolonization after preoperative hand disinfection and surgery between operating room nurses and non-health care workers: a pilot study. BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Sep 17;18(1):466. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3375-3.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: February 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 21, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 9, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): February 10, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 4, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 3, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: glovecuff2014