The Effect of Urox™ in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence

The Effect of Urox™(Crateva, Horsetail and Lindera Combination) in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence

This study aims to assess the efficacy of a specialized herbal formula, Urox, versus control over 8 weeks, in a double blind, placebo controlled trial. 150 participants are being recruited, randomized and administered treatment or placebo for the period of 8 weeks after initial eligibility screening. Outcome measures include previously validated tools such as the 3 day symptom diary measuring self-recorded day frequency, nocturia, urgency and incontinence episodes. Quality of life improvements are being measured using the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Urinary Distress Inventory and the short version of the OverActive Bladder survey.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Overactive Bladder; Urinary Incontinence; Nocturia; Urinary Frequency or Urgency Adverse Event
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Urox; Other: Placebo

Detailed Description

Initial consultations were held at either the Brisbane campus of the Endeavour College of Natural Medicine Naturopathic clinic or at Kelvin Grove Natural Medicine clinic, Brisbane. Follow up interviews are being conducted via telephone. To minimize dropout rates, participants are telephoned (as a reminder for the call and to complete the micturition diaries) approximately 1 week before the scheduled interview time and were intermittently called over the week following if they were unable to be reached at the scheduled interview time. Three attending clinicians interviewed trial participants, all having participated in interview training prior to any interviews being taken. The training was designed to ensure utility of a uniform and consistent approach regarding how questions were asked and how data was recorded.

The week prior to an initial consultation participants were requested to complete a micturition diary and health related quality of life surveys, to serve as baseline measures. The attending clinician then also completed a clinical data sheet, at the time of the initial consultation, containing a range of questions including demographics, exercise, health history and habits, which will be used to control and correlate data variables. Any incomplete quality of life surveys at the outset were also completed at the first interview.

Micturition diaries are collected by post at 2, 4 and 8 week intervals along with the completion of quality of life surveys and follow up clinical data sheet via telephone. Participants were asked to keep the micturition diary for 3 days prior to each consultation and were provided reply paid envelopes to return the surveys and unused capsules to assess compliance.

For the primary outcome (day frequency) measure it was calculated that 90 participants equally divided into placebo and control were required to detect a difference of 1.6 urinary frequency episodes per day (2.7SD) between treatment and placebo groups, with a two-tailed alpha of 0.05 and a power of 80%. For total incontinence, 53 participants were required equally divided into each group to detect a difference of 1.2 episodes per day (2.2SD), while for urgency 54 was required in each group to detect a difference of 2 per day (3.7SD). To account for potential drop-outs and variations in presenting symptoms, a total of 150 participants were recruited.

Data for the two treatments will be compared using mixed effects ordered logistic regression adjusted for repeated measures (Stata, version 13.1, StataCorp, TX, USA). GraphPad Prism (version 6.00 for Windows, GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) will be used to plot the data. Data (day frequency, night frequency, urgency and incontinence) will be evaluated by intention to treat analysis, with the last result brought forward for people who dropped out or were lost to follow-up. Variables selected for adjustment using backward stepwise regression from list including age, sex, water intake and diuretic use (p<0.22 for covariate inclusion). Holm estimation test will be used to adjust p-values for repeated measures. Each analysis will only included participants who are symptomatic at baseline. For example, in relation to daytime urinary frequency - only participants with baseline of ≥10 will be included in the analyses.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 150
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria include symptoms of urinary frequency (at least ten times per day) and/or incontinence (at least nine episodes per week), provided they have experienced symptoms of OAB for at least 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Recent surgery particularly hysterectomy or prolapse repair (within the last 12 months)
2. Recently undergone childbirth (within the last 12 months), or currently pregnant.
3. Use of any natural therapies for bladder symptoms in the last month.
4. Concomitant health conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, heart disease, pancreatic, hepatic or renal disease, recurrent urinary tract infections, and chronic inflammatory conditions, which may otherwise affect outcomes.
5. Currently being treated for mental health issues or psychiatric disturbances.
6. Any individuals who are presently taking prescribed medication for incontinence or OAB.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Treatment; 2 capsules per day of the herbal formula (Urox®) with each capsule containing 420mg of a concentrated proprietary blend of extracts of Crateva nurvala stem bark, Equisetum arvense stem and Lindera aggregata root	Dietary supplement: Urox; Active treatment - Proprietary combination of Crateva nurvala, Equisetum arvense and Lindera aggregata herbs
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; identical placebo vegetarian capsule containing color-matched cellulose	Other: Placebo; Placebo - Identical vegetarian capsule containing color-matched cellulose to that of the active treatment

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Day Urinary Frequency	Day urinary frequency as defined as the number of voluntary diurnal micturitions per day, recorded in a validated urinary diary	8 weeks
Nocturia Frequency	Night time urinary frequency as defined as the number of voluntary nocturnal micturition's per day recorded in a validated urinary diary	8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Urinary Urgency Frequency	Urinary urgency as defined by number of urgency episodes per day recorded in a validated urinary diary	8 weeks
Urge Incontinence Frequency	Urge incontinence as defined by number of incontinence episodes per day resulting from urinary urgency, recorded in a validated urinary diary	8 weeks
Stress Incontinence Frequency	Stress incontinence as defined by number of episodes of incontinence per day related to stress, recorded in a validated urinary diary	8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The University of Queensland
• Collaborators: University of Tasmania; Seipel Group Pty Ltd; Endeavour College of Natural Health
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Niikee Schoendorfer, PhD, The University of Queensland

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Schoendorfer N, Sharp N, Seipel T, Schauss AG, Ahuja KDK. Urox containing concentrated extracts of Crataeva nurvala stem bark, Equisetum arvense stem and Lindera aggregata root, in the treatment of symptoms of overactive bladder and urinary incontinence: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind placebo controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018 Jan 31;18(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s12906-018-2101-4.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 17, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 23, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): March 24, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): May 5, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 3, 2016
• Last Verified: April 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: overactive bladder; urinary incontinence; nocturia; urinary frequency
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Mental Disorders; Urologic Diseases; Urinary Bladder Diseases; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Urological Manifestations; Urination Disorders; Elimination Disorders; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Urinary Incontinence; Enuresis; Nocturia
• Other Study ID Numbers: SG-04

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: As data was analysed de-identified, it is not possible to have individual participant data available associated with their name and details.