Validation of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire to the Turkish

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire to the Turkish Language

The Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) developed by Symonds et al. in 1996 is used to measure patient's attitudes and beliefs towards recovery and return-to-work; and expectations regarding the negative circumstances that could be created as a result of low back pain (LBP).The aim of this study was the translation to Turkish language, cross-cultural adaptation and assessment of reliability&validity of BBQ for the patients suffering from chronic LBP.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Low Back Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: no intervention

Detailed Description

Back Beliefs Questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted into Turkish regarding to the published guidelines. This observational cross-sectional study was performed with 110 chronic low back pain patients. All participants were asked to complete Back Beliefs Questionnaire and also fill the socio-demographic data form and evaluation tools (Numeric rating scale-pain, Oswestry Disability Index, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach's alfa coefficient. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess test-retest reliability. Structural validity was assessed by correlations with other tools.

Back Beliefs Questionnaire had a good internal consistency (Cronbach alfa= 0.79) and an excellent test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84). A moderate correlation was determined between Back Beliefs Questionnaire and Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Correlations with Numeric rating scale-pain, Oswestry Disability Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were fair.

Turkish version of Back Beliefs Questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to evaluate beliefs about pain in patients with chronic low back pain.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 110

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • İstanbul, Turkey
    • BezmialemVU

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients who consulted to our Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation clinic during the period between June 2018 and April 2018; and volunteered to participate in this study were evaluated.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Turkish speaking
• Suffering from low back pain during activity for over 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnancy
• malignancy
• infections
• fractures
• inflammatory diseases
• cognitive impairments that might create a problem in comprehending and filling the survey

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
LBP; 110 literate Turkish speaking patients suffering from low back pain (LBP) for over 3 months, within the age range 18-65 were included in the study.	Other: no intervention; no intervention

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Back Beliefs Questionnaire	BBQ was designed to evaluate patients' LBP and their expectations regarding the negative outcomes that might be inflicted on their future; and their attitude towards return-to-work.BBQ consists of 14 items to be filled in by patients. Nine of which are used to evaluate inevitability (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th) and the other 5 are distractors (4th, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th). All items are evaluated on a 5-point-Likert Scale that referred to "1-Definitely Disagree" and "5-Definitely Agree". Scoring is calculated over the expressions included in the inevitability measure by reversing the numerical values which are appointed by the participants. The resulting score is between 9 and 45. Lower scores supports the more incompatible and pessimistic beliefs.	10 minutes
Numeric Rating Scale-Pain	Numeric Rating Scale-Pain is a scale with good sensitivity that quantitatively evaluates the pain intensity, which is easily comparable to other pain scales. The patient defines pain level within a range of 1 to 10. 1 point represents the minumum pain level, while 10 indicates the most severe pain.	2 minutes
Oswestry Disability Index	Oswestry Disability Index is a scale that assesses the functional disability level associated with LBP. It consists of 10 items that each have 6 options, which are scored between 0-5. The patient's total score is divided by the maximum possible score and multiplied by 100; and a percentage score is thus attained. The resulting score is between 0 and 100. As the total score increases, the level of functional disability also increases	5 minutes
Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire	Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire evaluates the physical activity and work related beliefs of fear and avoidance that arise in patients with LBP. It consists of two subscales (physical activity and work) and 16 questions in total.The patient rates their agreement with each statement on a 7-point Likert scale. Where 0= completely disagree, 6=completely agree. There is a maximum score of 96. A higher score indicates more strongly held fear avoidance beliefs.	3 minutes
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale	The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale is a frequently used self-rating scale developed to assess psychological distress in non-psychiatric patients. The questionnaire comprises seven questions for anxiety and seven questions for depression. HADS scores were interpreted as follows for each subscale: mild=8-10, modarate=11-14, severe=15-21.	3 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bezmialem Vakif University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

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Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 12, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): February 12, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 23, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 27, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): August 28, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 28, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 27, 2019
• Last Verified: August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: low back pain; validity; pain beliefs; turkish language
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Back Pain; Low Back Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: 050.05.04.05.01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: Data will not be shared.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No