Tildrakizumab for Prevention of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease

A Phase II Trial of Tildrakizumab for Prevention of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease

This is a phase 2 open-label trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of tildrakizumab in improving graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-free relapse-free survival after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) for hematologic malignancy.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Hematologic Malignancies
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Tildrakizumab

Detailed Description

Study Rationale: GVHD remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following myeloablative conditioning (MAC) alloHCT. Proinflammatory cytokines play a central role in initiation and development of acute GVHD and as such, inhibition of these cytokines has been examined for both prevention and treatment of GVHD. Interleukin (IL)-23 is a proinflammatory cytokine which the investigators' lab has shown to have a unique and selective role in induction of colonic inflammation during acute GVHD and that this cytokine serves as a critical mediator linking conditioning regimen-induced mucosal injury and endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation to subsequent proinflammatory cytokine production and GVHD-associated pathological damage. Moreover, additional studies have demonstrated that blocking the IL-23 signaling pathway has not abrogated the graft-versus-tumor effect. Tildrakizumab is a commercially available anti-IL-23 antibody FDA approved for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis with good tolerance. The investigators hypothesize that blocking IL-23, with tildrakizumab, will reduce GVHD rates for patients undergoing MAC alloHCT without having an impact on relapse rates, thus improving GVHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 51
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Wisconsin
    • Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, 53226
      • Froedtert Hospital and the Medical College of Wisconsin

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥18 years.
2. Patients with any hematologic malignancy for which alloHCT is indicated. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) must be in complete remission at the time of alloHCT (<5% blasts in the bone marrow, normal maturation of all cellular components in the bone marrow and absence of extramedullary disease). Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) must have <10% blasts in the bone marrow, no circulating blasts.
3. Myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen, based on Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) criteria (total body irradiation (TBI) ≥5 Gy single dose or ≥8 Gy fractionated or busulfan [Bu] dose >8 mg/kg oral or >6.4 mg/kg intravenous).
4. T cell-replete peripheral blood graft.
5. Patients must have a matched related or unrelated donor (at least 6/6 match at human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -A, -B and -C for related donors and at least 8/8 match at HLA -A, -B, -C and -DRB1 for unrelated donors).
6. Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45% for myeloablative conditioning.
7. Estimated creatinine clearance ≥40 mL/minute (using the Cockcroft-Gault formula and actual body weight).
8. Pulmonary function: diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≥40% (adjusted for hemoglobin) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≥50%.
9. Liver function: total bilirubin <3 x upper limit of normal and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) / aspartate aminotransferase (AST) <5 x upper normal limit.

10. Female subjects must meet one of the following:

    Postmenopausal for at least one year before enrollment, OR

    1. Surgically sterile (i.e. undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy), OR
    2. If subject is of childbearing potential (defined as not satisfying either of the above two criteria), she must agree to practice two acceptable methods of contraception (combination methods require use of two of the following: diaphragm with spermicide, cervical cap with spermicide, contraceptive sponge, male or female condom, hormonal contraceptive) from the time of signing of the informed consent form through 90 days after the last dose of study agent, OR
    3. Agree to practice true abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. (Periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable contraception methods.)

11. Male subjects, even if surgically sterilized (i.e., status post vasectomy), must agree to one of the following:

    1. Practice effective barrier contraception during the entire study period and through 60 calendar days after the last dose of study agent, OR
    2. Agree to practice true abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. (Periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.)
12. Signed informed consent: Voluntary written consent must be given before patient registration and performance of any study-related procedure not part of standard medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the patient at any time without prejudice to future medical care.
13. Planned post-transplant maintenance therapy is allowed.
14. Prior autologous transplant is allowed.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Prior allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT).
2. Active central nervous system (CNS) involvement with malignancy.
3. Patients receiving cord blood or haploidentical allograft.
4. Patients undergoing in vivo or ex vivo T cell-depleted alloHCT.
5. Karnofsky Performance Score <60% or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) > or = 2.
6. Patients with uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infections (currently on treatment and with progression of infectious disease or no clinical improvement) at time of enrollment.
7. Active hepatitis B or C virus infection or known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive.
8. Use of rituximab, alemtuzumab, anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or other monoclonal antibody planned as part of conditioning regimen for GVHD prophylaxis.
9. Participation in another GVHD prophylaxis clinical trial.
10. Any current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, uncontrolled angina, or electrocardiographic evidence of active ischemia or active conduction system abnormalities.
11. Any serious medical or psychiatric illness that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the completion of treatment according to this protocol.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Tildrakizumab; Tildrakizumab (IluymaTM) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the IL-23p19 subunit of IL-23 to neutralize its function.	Drug: Tildrakizumab; 100 mg will be injected subcutaneously on Day -1, Day 28 ± 3, Day 112 ± 7, Day 196 ± 14, and Day 280 ± 14.; Other Names: Iluyma

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
GVHD-free Relapse-Free Survival	Number of subjects experiencing any of grade III-IV acute GVHD, systemic therapy-requiring chronic GVHD, relapse, or death at 12 months	1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of Chronic GVHD	Number of subjects experiencing chronic GVHD defined by NIH Consensus criteria.	Day +180 and Day +365
Incidence of Acute GVHD	Number of subjects experiencing grades II-IV and III-IV acute GVHD will be determined at Day +100 and Day +180 post-HCT. Acute GVHD will be graded according to NIH Consensus criteria.	Day +100 and Day +180
Incidence of Acute GI GVHD	Number of subjects experiencing grades II-IV and III-IV acute GI GVHD will be determined at Day +100 and Day +180 post-HCT. This will be graded according to NIH Consensus criteria.	Day +100 and Day +180
Primary graft failure.	Number of subjects experiencing no neutrophil recovery to > 500 cells/μL by Day 28 post-HCT.	Day 28
Secondary graft failure	Number of subjects experiencing initial neutrophil engraftment followed by subsequent decline in absolute neutrophil counts <500 cells/μL, unresponsive to growth factor therapy, but cannot be explained by disease relapse or drugs.	Up to Day 365
Hematopoietic recovery according to neutrophil count recovery	The number of days to hematopoietic recovery will be assessed according to neutrophil count recovery after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Neutrophil recovery or engraftment is defined as achieving an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥500/mm^3 for three consecutive measurements on three different days. The first of the three days will be designated the day of neutrophil engraftment.	Day +28
Hematopoietic recovery according to platelet count recovery	The number of days to hematopoietic recovery will be assessed according to platelet count recovery after HSCT. Platelet recovery is defined by either the first day of a sustained platelet count >20,000/mm^3 for three days with no platelet transfusion in the preceding seven days. The first day of sustained platelet count above these thresholds will be designated the day of platelet engraftment.	Day +28
Non-relapsed mortality.	Number of subjects who die after alloHCT without experiencing a relapse.	Day +100 and 1 year
Disease Relapse or Progression	The number of subjects who experience relapse. Relapse is defined by either morphological, cytogenetic or radiologic evidence of the pretransplant hematologic malignancy.	Day +100 and 1 year
Progression-Free Survival.	This will be measured in months. The event for this endpoint is relapse/progression or death. Patients who are alive and disease-free will be censored at last follow-up.	Day +100 and 1 year
Overall Survival.	The time in months from the date of transplant to date of death from any cause or for surviving patients, to last follow-up. Patients who are alive and disease-free will be censored at last follow-up.	Day +100 and 1 year
Incidence of infections	Number of subjects experiencing a grade ≥3 (CTCAE v5) viral, fungal and/or bacterial infections.	Day +28, Day +100 and 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Medical College of Wisconsin
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Lyndsey Runaas, MD, Medical College of Wisconsin

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 30, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 30, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): October 2, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 29, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 25, 2024
• Last Verified: January 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Graft-versus-host disease
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Hematologic Diseases; Hematologic Neoplasms; Graft vs Host Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: PRO35737

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No