The Effect of Horizontal Whole-body Vibration Therapy in Post-menopausal Women

The Effect of Horizontal Whole-body Vibration Therapy on Bone, Quality of Life, Pain, and Balance in Post-menopausal Women

Osteoporosis is an important public health issue that may result in a high fracture risk in the elderly population. There is general consensus that physical exercise decreases the risk of osteoporotic fractures by reducing the risk of falls and increasing bone strength. Although long-term high-intensity exercise programs have been shown to be successful in early post-menopausal women, a high-intensity exercise program appears to be less attractive to older post-menopausal women and may cause a lack of compliance in the long term and result in injury. Some studies have described falls and fractures as side effects of exercise.Whole-body vibration (WBV) therapy is an easy-to-apply alternative therapy for those who do not wish to initiate or continue pharmacological treatments and cannot perform high-impact exercises and is associated with high patient compliance. WBV therapy is among the promising new interventions for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and is defined as mechanical vibration applied in a standing or supine position without any restrictions on frequency (hertz), amplitude (millimeters), magnitude (vibration acceleration due to gravity, g) and cumulative WBV dose. The evidence obtained from animal studies have shown that WBV can be an effective method for increasing bone mass and improving bone structure and strength. Some human studies have shown that WBV can positively affect BMD and improve neuromuscular parameters associated with falls in post-menopausal women.Small changes in posture can have a significant effect on the extent to which a plantar-based mechanical stimulus is actually transmitted to the spine or hip; the stimulus is likely to be weakened by the inevitable changes in posture, which occur due to aging and osteoporosis. For these reasons, we aimed to examine the effect of high frequency and low-magnitude horizontal vibration therapy in post-menopausal women without being affected by posture in the present study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Osteoporosis; Whole Body Vibration
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Whole Body Vibration and Infrared Therapy; Device: Infrared Therapy; Other: Classical Treatment

Detailed Description

In this prospective, randomized controlled 3-month study, 185 post-menopausal women who were diagnosed with osteoporosis and followed up in our outpatient clinic based on the osteoporosis diagnostic criteria by the World Health Organization were analyzed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients were included in the study.

The patients included in the study were randomized by the co-researcher into 3 groups of 20 patients each according to the random numbers table. Group 1 received WBV and infrared therapy for 20 minutes per session, 2 days a week for 3 months. Group 2 received only infrared therapy for 20 minutes, 2 days a week for 3 months, in the same bed system. The patients were placed in the supine position with the whole body in contact with the platform/bed during the treatment. In terms of compliance with the WBV therapy, the frequency was increased to 30 Hz in the first week, 40 Hz in the second week, 50 Hz in the third week, and 60 Hz in the fourth week and administered for a total of 20 minutes. Subsequent sessions continued with 60 Hz. The acceleration value administered by the device was 2.0-4.0 m/s², and the amplitude of the applied vibration in the vertical direction was 0.5-2.0 mm.Infrared therapy at a wavelength of 550-950 nm was applied to both groups of patients by means of infrared pads on the bed during the treatment.Group 3 did not receive any treatment. Patients in all 3 groups continued their treatment with 1000 mg Ca and 880 IU vitamin D. The patients were called every week by phone to check whether they were complying with the treatment or not.Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar and femoral regions of all the patients was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. In addition, osteocalcin and hydroxyproline values were measured. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36 questionnaire, pain was assessed using the visual analog scale, and balance was assessed based on the participants' performance in the Berg Balance test.The scales were applied at the beginning and at the end of the treatment.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • Feyza Akan BEGOGLU

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 45 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Post-menopausal female patients
• Aged 45-65 years
• L2-L4 and/or femoral neck BMD T-scores of -2.5 to-3.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Osteoporotic fractures
• Metabolic bone disease
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Presence of hyperthyroidism
• History of steroids or current use of steroids
• History of bisphosphonate consumption over the previous year
• Women with lumbar disk herniation, spondylolisthesis or narrow spinal canal
• Conditions that constitute a contraindication for vibration therapy;
• Kidney stones
• Gallstones
• Pregnancy
• Epilepsy
• Cancer
• Pacemaker
• Treatment of orthostatic hypotension
• Recent implants (joint, cochlear, or corneal)
• Recent surgery
• Recent intrauterine device
• Acute thrombosis or hernia
• Acute rheumatoid arthritis
• Serious cardiovascular event
• Diabetes
• Migraine

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Whole Body Vibration and Infrared Therapy Group; Patients in the whole body vibration and infrared group received vibration therapy with a frequency of 60 Hz and amplitude of 0.5-2 mm and infrared therapy at a wavelength of 550-950 nm 20 minutes daily session, 2 days per weeks for 3 months.1000 mg Ca and 880 IU vitamin D treatment were given.	Device: Whole Body Vibration and Infrared Therapy; Patients in the whole body vibration and infrared group received vibration therapy with a frequency of 60 Hz and amplitude of 0.5-2 mm and infrared therapy at a wavelength of 550-950 nm. Whole body vibration and infrared treatment were applied with the Power Andullator (HHP, CE0197, Germany) device.
Active Comparator: Infrared Therapy Group; Patients in infrared therapy group received infrared therapy at a wavelength of 550-950 nm 20 minutes daily session, 2 days per weeks for 3 months.1000 mg Ca and 880 IU vitamin D treatment were given.	Device: Infrared Therapy; Patients in infrared therapy group received infrared therapy at a wavelength of 550-950 nm.Infrared treatment were applied with the Power Andullator (HHP, CE0197, Germany) device.
Other: Classical Treatment Group; 1000 mg Ca and 880 IU vitamin D treatment were given.	Other: Classical Treatment; 1000 mg Ca and 880 IU vitamin D treatment were given

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body Mass Density	BMD (g/cm²) of the lumbar, femoral neck, and entire femoral regions of all patients was measured at the onset and end of the treatment using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (General Electric LUNAR Prodigy Advance).	3 months
Bone Turnover Markers	Serum samples were taken from all patients between 08:00 and 10:00 in the morning after 12 hours of fasting. Urine samples were analyzed in the first morning urine. We checked the values of osteocalcin (OC) as a bone formation marker and hydroxyproline/creatinine values as a bone resorption marker.	3 months
The Short Form-36	The Short Form-36 (SF-36) is a widely used health-related quality of life scale. It is not specific to any age, disease, or treatment group. It includes general health concepts. It is a questionnaire containing 36 questions in 8 subscales. SF-36 scale can be examined under 2 main sections as physical and mental health. Patients are scored out of 100 points in the SF-36 scale and the scores obtained vary between 0 and 100 points for each component. High scores on this scale indicate a better level of health, whereas low scores indicate deterioration of health.	3 months
Visual analog scale	Pain was evaluated according to the visual analog scale (0: no pain; 10 very severe pain). They were asked to describe their back pain on the scale choosing a number from 0 to 10 (10-cm VAS).	3 months
Berg Balance Test	Berg Balance test (BBT) assesses whether people can maintain their balance during 14 different activities. The level of competence in the activity for each item is scored between 0 and 4 with 0 indicating the lowest score (incapable of doing) and 4 indicating the highest score (doing it independently and safely). The maximum score obtainable is 56. Higher scores indicate better balance .	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Feyza Akan Begoğlu, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 17, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 6, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): January 10, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 10, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 6, 2022
• Last Verified: December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Quality of life; Osteoporosis; Bone mineral density; Whole-body vibration
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Metabolic Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Bone Diseases; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Osteoporosis
• Other Study ID Numbers: feyzaakan

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No