PE Audit and Feedback Pilot Study
March 6, 2026 updated by: Hannah R. Thompson, University of California, Berkeley
Increasing Compliance With Physical Education Laws to Reduce Health Inequities
School physical education (PE) is one of the most valuable tools for increasing physical activity and fitness among youth of all backgrounds; however, compliance with existing PE laws is low (and differential by school race/ethnic and family-income composition, contributing to health disparities), and best practices for increasing compliance remain unknown.
This study proposes to examine a novel approach for increasing PE law compliance by testing a PE audit and feedback tool (adapted from a tool used by the New York City Department of Education) in Oakland, California schools to determine the effectiveness, adaptability, and scalability of this potential cost-effective approach for increasing PE law compliance and student physical activity.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
35
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
-
California
-
Berkeley, California, United States, 94720
- UC Berkeley
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Elementary school in the Oakland Unified School District
- >50% of students in the school qualify for free or reduced-price meals
- >80% of students non-white
Exclusion Criteria:
- Having a PE program known by the PE Director to be well-established and/or meet/exceed district expectations for PE
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: PE Audit and Feedback Intervention
Schools in this arm will receive a PE audit and feedback tool delivered by the school district's teacher on special assignment for PE, which will consist of an audit of the school's existing PE program; Feedback on ways to improve the PE program; and technical assistance to help improve the PE program.
|
The intervention consists of a Physical Education (PE) Audit and Feedback tool, which was adapted from work done through the PE Works program in the New York City Department of Education.
A district-level PE program leader in Oakland Unified School District will deliver the tool, which consists of auditing the current status of PE in intervention schools, providing feedback on the status to help improve PE, and providing technical assistance to bring schools up to code and ensure support for PE programming.
|
|
No Intervention: PE Support as Usual
Schools in this arm will receive district-level support for PE as is typically provided by the school district.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Scheduled Minutes of Physical Education/Week
Time Frame: Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
Linear mixed effects models with random effects for school and grade were used to determine within group difference in change between baseline and follow up in scheduled minutes of physical education/week
|
Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
|
Estimated Minutes of Physical Education/Week
Time Frame: Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
Linear mixed effects models with random effects for school and grade were used to determine within group difference in change between baseline and follow up in estimated minutes of physical education/week based on data collected with the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time
|
Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
|
% of PE Lesson Time in Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity
Time Frame: Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
Linear mixed effects models with random effects for school and grade were used to determine within group difference in change between baseline and follow up in proportion of PE class time in MVPA based on data collected with the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time
|
Change from baseline (spring of year 1) to follow-up (spring of year 2)
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Publications and helpful links
The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
April 1, 2022
Primary Completion (Actual)
June 30, 2024
Study Completion (Actual)
June 30, 2024
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
August 15, 2022
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
August 16, 2022
First Posted (Actual)
August 22, 2022
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
March 27, 2026
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
March 6, 2026
Last Verified
March 1, 2026
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 1K01HL151805 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.