- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05675956
Acute Nerve Stimulation For Enhancing Human and Cognitive Performance
Exploration of Acute Nerve Stimulation by Way of Novel ApolloNeuro™ Device and Its Influences on Physiological Function to Mediate Human Performance and Cognition
The goal of this clinical trial is to test a wearable device's effect on performance in tactical populations with a history of concussion. The main question it aims to answer is the effectiveness of the device on modulate physiological and cognitive function.
The physiological function will be derived from metrics of heart rate variability and blood-based biomarkers, whilst human performance will be evaluated using tasks that assess cognitive domains of executive function, reaction time, and memory.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Detailed Description
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
South Carolina
-
Columbia, South Carolina, United States, 29208
- University of South Carolina Sport Science Lab
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participant is between 18-30 BMI.
- Participant needs to be either an ROTC member, currently employed military or law enforcement officer or are a military veteran or retired law enforcement officer who has completed service in the past 18 months.
- Participant has provided written and dated informed consent.
- Participant is in good health and able to participate in high-intensity exercise.
- Participant have been clinically diagnosed with a concussion at least 3 months prior to screening and is asymptomatic.
- Participant is willing to maintain their current dietary supplement usage through the duration of the study. If the participant began taking another supplement within the past month, the participant will be asked to discontinue supplement use followed by a 2-week washout prior to participation.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participant with any musculoskeletal injuries that would prevent exercising.
- Participant with any metabolic disorder including known electrolyte abnormalities, diabetes, thyroid disease, adrenal disease or hypogonadism.
- Participant with a history of hepatorenal, musculoskeletal, or autoimmune disease.
- Participant with a personal history of heart disease, cardiovascular conditions, high blood pressure (systolic >140 mm Hg & diastolic >90 mm Hg), psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders, developmental disorders, cancer, benign prostate hypertrophy, gastric ulcer, reflux disease, or any other medical condition (i.e. visual/auditory) deemed exclusionary by the medical staff.
- Participant currently taking medication that affects the ANS such as thyroid, hyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive, anticoagulant, or psychotropic medications, or antihistamines.
- Participant who is pregnant or lactating.
- Participant with any of the following concussion characteristics; history of >3 concussions, loss of consciousness (>5 minutes), cause of injury related to violence e.g. physical altercations.
- Participants with a history of moderate to severe TBI.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Other
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: High Intensity
The device will be set to 100% intensity for this group.
|
The group will have the device set to 100% intensity at one of their two experimental visits.
|
Active Comparator: Low Intensity
The device will be set to 10% intensity in this group
|
The group will have the device set to 10% intensity at one of their two experimental visits.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Changes in dopamine
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on dopamine levels
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in epinephrine
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on epinephrine levels
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in norepinephrine
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on norepinephrine levels
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in cortisol
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cortisol levels
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) , immediately following exercise (about 1.5 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (at about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in arousal
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on arousal levels measured by the "Felt Arousal Scale".
The minimum score is 1 and maximum score is 6.
These measures are not indicative of better or worse outcomes.
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) on experimental visits.
|
Sleep Quality
Time Frame: Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) on experimental visits.
|
Index of sleep quality using the Neurology Quality of Life (Neuro-QOL) sleep subscale.
|
Will be assessed at visits 2 and 3 prior exercise (minute 0) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in fatigue
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (minute 0), immediately after the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5), post cognitive testing (about 2 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on fatigue levels measured by the "Fatigue Scale".
The minimum score is 1 and maximum score is 5.
These measures are not indicative of better or worse outcomes.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (minute 0), immediately after the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5), post cognitive testing (about 2 hour), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Marksmanship Accuracy
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Simulated marksmanship using optical targetry
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Marksmanship Reaction Time
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Simulated marksmanship using optical targetry
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in cognitive flexibility by local switch cost RT (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive flexibility by measuring local switch cost RT within the heterogenous condition when switching rule sets represented as the additional time to respond to switch relative to repeat trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in cognitive flexibility by local switch cost ACC (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive flexibility by measuring local switch cost ACC within the heterogenous condition when switching rule sets represented as the difference between error rates for switch relative to repeat trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in cognitive flexibility by local switch cost IES (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive flexibility by measuring local switch cost inverse efficiency scores (IES) represented as dividing RTs by 1 minus the percentage of errors (i.e., percentage of correct responses).
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in global executive function by global cost RT (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on global executive function by measuring global cost RT represented as the difference between the time required to respond between the heterogeneous and homogeneous conditions.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in global executive function by global cost ACC (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on global executive function by measuring global cost ACC represented as the difference between error rates between homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in global executive function by global cost IES (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on global executive function by measuring global cost IES.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in working memory by mixing cost RT (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on working memory by measuring mixing cost RT represented as the additional time required to respond between the repeat trials in the heterogenous condition relative to the trials in the homogeneous condition.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in working memory by mixing cost ACC (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on working memory by measuring mixing cost ACC represented as the difference in error rates on repeat trials in the heterogenous condition relative to the trials in the homogeneous condition.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in working memory by mixing cost IES (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on working memory by measuring mixing cost IES.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in attention (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention measured by the omission errors when an individual fails to respond to a color-switch task trial, and omission error runs when an individual fails to respond to multiple successive trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Inhibitory Control (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control measured by the commission errors when an individual fails to respond correctly to a color-switch task trial, and commission error runs when an individual fails to respond correctly to multiple successive trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in attention and cognitive control by ACC (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention and cognitive control by measuring heterogeneous condition ACC.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in attention and cognitive control by RT (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention and cognitive control by measuring heterogeneous condition RT.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in attention and cognitive control by IES (Switch Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention and cognitive control by measuring heterogeneous condition IES.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Inhibitory Control (Go/No go)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control by measuring reaction time to Go targets (hits). To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control by measuring errors of commission representing incorrect responses to the target NoGo (false alarm). |
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Attention (Go/No go)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention by measuring errors of omission to the target Go (misses).
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Function (ANS) by linear metrics
Time Frame: This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
To determine if the device has an impact on ANS function by measuring heart rate variability represented by linear (RMSSD, SDNN, CVNN) time domain metrics.
|
This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Function (ANS) by nonlinear metrics
Time Frame: This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
To determine if the device has an impact on ANS function by measuring heart rate variability represented by nonlinear (ApSaEn) time domain metric.
|
This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Function (ANS) by frequency domain metrics
Time Frame: This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
To determine if the device has an impact on ANS function by measuring heart rate variability represented by frequency domain (HF, LF, Coherence Ratio) metrics.
|
This will be continuously assessed throughout the entirety of experimental visits 2 and 3 (minute 0 to about 3 hours)..
|
Changes in Inhibitory Control by accuracy scores (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control measured by the accuracy scores (% of correct answers) for compatible-congruent, incompatible-congruent, compatible-incongruent, and incompatible-incongruent Flanker Task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Inhibitory Control by average response time (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control measured by the average response time to incongruent flanker task trials irrespective of compatible or incompatible rule sets.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Inhibitory Control by commission errors (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on inhibitory control measured by the commission errors when an individual fails to respond correctly to a flanker task trial, and commission error runs when an individual fails to respond correctly to multiple successive trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Attention by accuracy (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention measured by the accuracy scores for congruent-compatible Flanker task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Attention by average response time (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention measured by the overall average response time (milliseconds) to compatible and incompatible Flanker task trails irrespective of trial congruency.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Attention by omission errors (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attention measured by the omission errors when an individual fails to respond to a flanker task trial, and omission error runs when an individual fails to respond to multiple successive trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Cognitive flexibility by accuracy (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive flexibility by the accuracy scores for incongruent-incompatible Flanker task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Cognitive flexibility by average response time (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive flexibility measured by the average response time to incongruent-incompatible flanker task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Cognitive control by post-error accuracy (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive control measured by post-error accuracy on Flanker task trials following an error.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Cognitive control by sequential congruency effect (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine changes in cognitive control measured by sequential congruency effect when lower interference occurs following an incongruent relative to a congruent flanker task trial reflecting a consciously controlled narrowing of attention to the central target.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Cognitive control by inverse efficiency (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on cognitive control measured by inverse efficiency a metric of a speed-accuracy trade-off for Flanker task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in Attentional Inhibition (Flanker Task)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on attentional inhibition measured by congruency interference representing the costs associated with the interference demands associated with incongruent vs congruent flanker task trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30) and immediately following the bout of exercise (about hour 1.5) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in verbal learning (HVLT)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on verbal learning by measuring total recall score via combining the word recall score from the three trials.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in memory recall (HVLT)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on memory by measuring delayed recall via the delayed recall score.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in retention (HVLT)
Time Frame: Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on memory by measuring retention via dividing the delayed recall trial by the score obtained on the trial prior exercise.
|
Will be assessed prior exercise (about minute 30), immediately following the bout of exercise (about 1.5 hours), and immediately post one hour recovery (about hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Changes in memory retention (HVLT)
Time Frame: Immediately post one hour recovery (hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
To determine if the device has an impact on memory by measuring retention via calculating a retention discrimination index by subtracting the total number of false positives from the total number of true positives.
|
Immediately post one hour recovery (hour 3) on experimental visits.
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- Pro00122153
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Concussion, Mild
-
Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)RecruitingMild Traumatic Brain Injury | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
Sync-Think, Inc.CompletedBrain Injuries | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion; Eye | Concussion, CerebralUnited States
-
BrainScope Company, Inc.CompletedBrain Injuries, Traumatic | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
BrainScope Company, Inc.CompletedBrain Injuries, Traumatic | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
BrainScope Company, Inc.United States Department of DefenseCompletedBrain Injuries, Traumatic | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
BrainScope Company, Inc.CompletedBrain Injuries, Traumatic | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
BrainScope Company, Inc.United States Department of DefenseCompletedBrain Injuries, Traumatic | Concussion, Mild | Concussion, Brain | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateUnited States
-
Medstar Health Research InstituteNot yet recruitingConcussion, Mild | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, Intermediate
-
Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry, DublinCompletedConcussion, Mild | Concussion, Severe | Concussion, IntermediateIreland
-
University of British ColumbiaUnknownConcussion | Sport-related Concussion | Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI)Canada