Spot Reduction in Male Adults

The Assessment of Spot Reduction in Adults Males Following Endurance Training

Spot reduction, referring to local body fat reduction, pertains to subcutaneous adipose tissue utilization from specific body parts during exercise. Its existence has been keenly debated, although generally accepted not to occur during exercise. However, it is based on not only equivocal data - commonly the training protocol typically applied is based on strength rather than endurance training. The investigators sought to test this assumption by utilizing endurance based exercise controlling for energy expenditure and using dual x-ray absorptiometric measures to assess body composition before and after training.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Abdominal aerobic endurance exercise; Other: Control training intervention

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 30 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• males
• ≥ 30 years old
• classified as overweight (Body mass index ≥ 25 kg ∙ m-2)
• not participating in regular physical training

Exclusion Criteria:

• < 30 years old
• Body mass index < 25 kg ∙ m-2
• participating in regular physical training

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: abdominal aerobic endurance exercise; Subjects were combining treadmill running at 70% HRmax (27 minutes) with 4x4minutes (30-40% maximal strength, 1RM) of torso rotation and abdominal crunches (57 minutes), 4 d per wk for 10 weeks	Other: Abdominal aerobic endurance exercise; Subjects combined treadmill running at 70% HRmax (27 minutes) with 4x4minutes (30-40% maximal strength, 1RM) of torso rotation and abdominal crunches (57 minutes), 4 days per wk for 10 weeks
Active Comparator: Control group; Subjects performed only treadmill running (45 minutes) at 70% HRmax for 4 d per week for 10 weeks.	Other: Control training intervention; Subjects performed treadmill running (45 minutes) at 70% HRmax 4 days per week for 10 weeks

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Trunk fat mass change	Fat mass located in trunk (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Lower extremity fat mass change	Fat mass located in lower extremities (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Upper extremity fat mass change	Fat mass located in upper extremities (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Total fat mass change	Total fat mass (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Body weight change		Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Body mass index change		Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Waist circumference (cm) change		Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Hip circumference (cm) change		Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Trunk lean mass change	Lean mass located in trunk (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Lower extremity lean mass change	Lean mass located in lower extremities (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Upper extremity lean mass change	Lean mass located in upper extremities (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Total lean mass change	Total lean mass (g) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Maximal oxygen uptake change	Maximal oxygen uptake by cardiopulmonary indirect calorimetry	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)
Maximal muscle strength change	One-repetition maximum (kg) in torso rotation and abdominal crunch	Change from pre (baseline) to post test (after 10 weeks)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Molde University College
• Collaborators: Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2005
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2006
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2006

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 20, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 31, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): April 3, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 3, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 31, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: endurance exercise; subcutaneous tissue utilization
• Other Study ID Numbers: MUCSR12

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No