Effectiveness of Online Mindfulness Platform in Improving Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Adult

Effectiveness of Online Mindfulness Platform in Improving Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Randomized Control Trial

During the COVID-19 pandemic, adults may experience emotional stress and impact. To reduce the risk of cross-infection, this study aims to use online mindfulness training to improve emotional well-being during the pandemic and assess their effectiveness.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Emotions; COVID-19 Pandemic; Online Mental Health Program
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: online mindfulness training

Detailed Description

he COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental global impact on the health of most populations. It causes and also generates further damage to physiology and psychology. Mindfulness is recognized as an effective method for improving the symptoms of physical and mental problems. The purpose of this review will explore the efficacy of an online mindfulness intervention for individuals or groups that impacted symptoms of physiology and psychology in adults during the pandemic base on the principle of evidence-based medicine. At the same time, a set of mindfulness intervention plans will be developed based on the best evidence searched, and a pilot study will be conducted. Therefore, this research design will be divided into two stages. In the first stage, six electronic bibliographic databases will be comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials that have been published from February 2020 to currently published articles. The research subjects are adults who live in the community and accept online mindfulness intervention. Quality assessment will be performed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool will be used for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of the intervention timing and measurements will be performed using Review Manager 5.1 software. The second phase will be a randomized controlled trial pilot study of mindfulness interventions, The research subjects will be divided into two groups, namely the mindfulness intervention experimental group (E) and the control group (C). The researcher uses structured questionnaires to collect data before intervention (To) and at 4 weeks (T1), 8 weeks (T2) after the intervention. Data will be analyzed using the Generalized Estimating Equation to analyze the repeated measurements and intention-to-treat analysis for reducing attrition bias.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Xinyi District
    • Taipei, Xinyi District, Taiwan, 110
      • Taipei Medical University Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients over 20 years of age
• Conscious
• Able to communicate in Taiwanese

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients currently receiving antidepressant or anti-anxiety medications
• Patients unable to communicate verbally
• Patients who refuse to provide informed consent

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: online mindfulness group; Patients in the experimental group received online mindfulness interventions at least once a week approximately 15-20 minutes each time.	Other: online mindfulness training; Use publicly available online mindfulness training resources. The training content was to guide patients to practice mindfulness techniques, including "where the body is, the mind is" and "relaxation learning".

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assessment of anxiety	Anxiety levels were assessed using the odd-numbered questions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-14). The full title of HADS-14 is Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. This scale consists of 14 items, with 7 items specifically measuring anxiety, known as the Anxiety Subscale (HADS-A). Each item in the Anxiety Subscale is rated on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 3 (significant symptoms). The total score for the anxiety subscale can range from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, specifically reflecting greater levels of anxiety. The scoring is categorized as follows: 0-7: Normal anxiety levels; 8-10: Borderline abnormal anxiety (suggesting possible anxiety); 11-21: Abnormal anxiety (indicating clinical levels of anxiety)	Anxiety was assessed before the intervention, and at 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assessment of depression	Depression levels were assessed using the even-numbered questions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-14). This scale consists of 14 items, with 7 items specifically measuring depression, known as the The full title of HADS-14 is Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Depression Subscale (HADS-D). Each item in the Depression Subscale is rated on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 3 (significant symptoms). The total score for the depression subscale can range from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, specifically reflecting greater levels of depression. The scoring is categorized as follows: 0-7: Normal depression levels; 8-10: Borderline abnormal depression (suggesting possible depression); 11-21: Abnormal depression (indicating clinical levels of depression)	Depression was assessed before the intervention, and at 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention.

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assessment of stress	Stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The full title of PSS-10 is Perceived Stress Scale. This scale consists of 10 items. Each item in the scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (Never) to 4 (Very Often). The total score ranges from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, specifically reflecting a higher perceived level of stress.	Stress levels were assessed before the intervention, and at 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Taipei Medical University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 9, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 8, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): March 8, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 29, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 23, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): September 26, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 3, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 1, 2024
• Last Verified: August 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Mindfulness; COVID-19, physiology, psychology; online mindfulness
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; COVID-19
• Other Study ID Numbers: N202207017

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No