Reflexology and Mulligan Mobilization for Knee Osteoarthritis

February 3, 2025 updated by: Rania Ahmed Nassar, Cairo University

The Effect of Adding Reflexology to Mulligan Mobilization for Patient With Knee Osteoarthritis

to investigate the effect of adding Reflexlogy to mulligan mobilization and the conventional treatment for patients with Osteoarthritis knees

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Knee osteoarthritis (OA), also known as degenerative joint disease, is typically the result of wear and tear and progressive loss of articular cartilage. Treatment by reflexology stimulation increases blood flow to the associated organ or body part. On the other hand, the nerve impulse theory claims that reflexology stimulation boosts nervous connection to the conforming body parts. Regarding to the energy theory; organs and body parts are connected through electromagnetic fields and that these pathways are blocked in states of disease. Finally, lactic acid theory pointed that lactic acid accumulates on the soles of the feet in the form of crystals which promotes free circulation, so reduces regular flow .The effects of foot reflexology on improving physical complains of KOA. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of reflexology foot massage on pain intensity and physical functional abilities among patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Mulligan's Mobilization with Movement (MWM) advocates therapist-applied accessory gliding force combined with active movement The goal of MWM is to achieve immediate pain relief possibly by regulation of the non-opioid pain sensory pathways and by correction of micro positional faults. These positional faults may result from changes in the shape of articular surfaces, cartilage thickness, fiber orientation in the capsule-ligamentous complex, and the direction of musculo-tendinous pull, causing altered mechanics in the osteoarthritic knees.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

84

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • Egypt
      • Cairo, Egypt
        • Cairo University
        • Contact:
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Noran a Elbehary, Professor of Physical Therapy
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Mariam O Grase, Lecturer of Physical Therapy

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age greater than or equal to 40 years.
  2. Body Mass Index ≤30 kg/m².
  3. All participants have Calcium Deficiency
  4. Osteoarthritis in mild and moderate stage not in the acute stage
  5. The subjects were chosen from both genders

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Deep Vein Thrombosis
  2. Fractures
  3. Gangrena Patient
  4. Osteopenic Patient
  5. Lactating or pregnant women
  6. Cancer
  7. Neurological conditions.
  8. Patients with injury including; (lesions, sprain, open wounds, foot ulcer and or burn of the lower extremities), hemorrhage, epilepsy, irregular heartbeat.
  9. Vascular (Anticoagulant Therapy, Aortic Aneurysm)
  10. Neurological Deficits (multilevel PIVD, Cervical Myelopathy)

  11. Psychological Disorders.

    -

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Reflexology and conventional
treatment all patient with knee osteoarthritis three times per week
Other: reflexology and conventional
Reflexology as (Knee reflex point, Pituitary reflex point, Entire spine, Liver reflex area, Thyroid reflex area ) and conventional methods as (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Ultrasound Therapy and exercises) treatment.
Experimental: mulligan mobilization and conventional
treatment all patient with knee osteoarthritis three times per week
Other: mulligan mobilization and conventional
Mulligan mobilization as (Lateral glide MWM for flexion / extension, Medial glide MWM for flexion / extension, Self-medial glide MWM for knee flexion/extension: home exercise) and conventional methods as (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Ultrasound Therapy and exercises) treatment.
Experimental: Reflexology ,mulligan mobilization and conventional
treatment all patient with knee osteoarthritis three times per week
Other: mulligan mobilization and conventional
Mulligan mobilization as (Lateral glide MWM for flexion / extension, Medial glide MWM for flexion / extension, Self-medial glide MWM for knee flexion/extension: home exercise) and conventional methods as (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Ultrasound Therapy and exercises) treatment.
Other: Reflexology ,mulligan mobilization and conventional
Reflexology is a systematic practice in which applying some pressure to any particular points on the feet and hands give impacts on the health of related parts of the body as (Knee reflex point, Pituitary reflex point, Entire spine, Liver reflex area, Thyroid reflex area ) Mulligan's Mobilization with Movement (MWM) apply accessory gliding force combined with active movement as (Lateral glide MWM for flexion / extension, Medial glide MWM for flexion / extension, Self-medial glide MWM for knee flexion/extension: home exercise)
Experimental: Conventional methods
treatment all patient with knee osteoarthritis three times per week
Other: Conventional treatment
Conventional methods as (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Ultrasound Therapy and exercises) treatment.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
visual analogue scale
Time Frame: one month
consists of a line, usually 10 cm long, ranging from no pain or discomfort (zero), to the worst pain that could possibly feel (10)
one month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)
Time Frame: one month
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was developed as an extension of the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index with the purpose of evaluating short-term and long-term symptoms and function in subjects with knee injury and osteoarthritis. The KOOS holds five separately scored subscales: Pain, other Symptoms, Function in daily living (ADL), Function in Sport and Recreation (Sport/Rec), and knee-related Quality of Life (QOL)
one month

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Kinovea
Time Frame: one month
Kinovea is a free software that uses a virtual goniometer to measure joints for measure Flexion and Extension ROM of knee
one month

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Cairo University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Noran A Elbehary, Professor of physical Therapy, basic science department, faculty of physical therapy cairo university
  • Principal Investigator: Mariam O Grase, lecturer physical therapy, basic science department, faculty of physical therapy cairo university

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

February 20, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

February 20, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 20, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 3, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 3, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 3, 2025

Last Verified

February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • P.T.REC/012/005479

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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