Chiropractic Care for Chronic Neck Pain: A Pilot Study

Chiropractic Care for Chronic Neck Pain: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Feasibility, Clinical Outcomes, and EEG/Gait Biomarkers

This pilot randomized controlled trial will evaluate the feasibility and preliminary clinical effects of multimodal chiropractic care for adults with chronic neck pain. Forty participants will be randomized to receive either multimodal chiropractic care plus enhanced usual care or enhanced usual care alone. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment, retention, adherence, and safety. Clinical outcomes include pain intensity, neck-related disability, physical and psychological function, and quality of life. Exploratory electroencephalography (EEG) and gait assessments will examine potential neurophysiological and biomechanical biomarkers associated with treatment response.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Neck Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Multimodal chiroprctic care; Behavioral: Enahnced usual care

Detailed Description

Chronic neck pain is highly prevalent and contributes substantially to disability, healthcare utilization, and reduced quality of life. Non-pharmacologic approaches such as chiropractic care are commonly used, yet mechanistic and feasibility data to inform larger trials remain limited. This two-arm pilot randomized controlled study will enroll 40 adults with chronic neck pain and allocate them 1:1 to multimodal chiropractic care plus enhanced usual care or enhanced usual care alone. The chiropractic intervention includes spinal manipulation or mobilization, soft tissue therapies, therapeutic exercise, and patient education delivered over 10 sessions across 16 weeks. Primary objectives focus on feasibility metrics including recruitment, retention, adherence, and safety. Secondary objectives evaluate changes in pain, disability, function, and quality of life. Exploratory aims assess resting-state and task-based EEG and gait biomarkers to investigate potential neurophysiological mechanisms associated with clinical improvement. Results will inform the design and implementation of a future fully powered randomized clinical trial.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Macy Randolph, DC; Phone Number: 617-732-6271; Email: pwayne@bwh.harvard.edu

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Adults aged 18-65 years Diagnosis of CNP (e.g., nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic origin) occurring ≥5 days per week for ≥3 consecutive months.

Average neck pain intensity ≥3 on a 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) during the past week (0 = no pain at all; 10 = worst neck pain imaginable).

Neck Disability Index (NDI) score ≥5 [37] 10-item instrument with scores ranging from 0 (no disability) to 50 (complete disability).

Willingness to complete all study procedures. Willingness to be randomized to either of the two intervention groups. Fluent in English.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Currently receiving chiropractic care or have received chiropractic care within the past 12 months.

Participation in ≥1 session per week of mind-body or rehabilitation therapies (e.g., physical therapy, yoga, tai chi, Qigong) within the past 12 months.

Any disability precluding exercise participation. Pregnancy. Pregnancy status will be assessed by self-report only. No pregnancy testing will be conducted for the purposes of this study.

Prior cervical spine surgery or any spinal surgery within the past year. Active disability or accident-related compensation claim. Signs or symptoms of major systemic illness or unstable medical conditions (e.g., Parkinson's disease, cancer).

Psychiatric conditions requiring immediate treatment or likely to impair protocol compliance.

CNP attributable to on-neuromusculoskeletal source. Inflammatory arthritis. History of stroke, carotid dissection, or vertebral artery dissection. Presence of a neurological disorder. Suspected or confirmed pathological hypermobility. Receipt of interventional pain management to the cervical spine within 4 weeks prior to enrollment or planned during the study period.

Available diagnostic imaging demonstrating contraindications to study treatments (e.g., cervical myelopathy, substantial disc derangement).

Clinical screening findings indicating a need for diagnostic imaging. High risk for adverse events (AEs) related to any study treatment. Inadequate transportation to attend scheduled study visits. Contraindications to standard, non-invasive scalp EEG procedures (e.g., open scalp wounds, active skin infections, or unhealed surgical sites at electrode placement locations; recent craniotomy or skull defect that would interfere with safe electrode placement, Implanted neurostimulation devices; known seizure disorders or epilepsy; medical conditions for which EEG activation procedures are contraindicated (stroke, hyperventilation).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Multimodal chiropractic care; 10 visits over 16 weeks including spinal manipulation/mobilization, soft tissue therapy, exercise, and education. Participants receive 10 visits of multimodal chiropractic care over 16 weeks in addition to enhanced usual care. Care may include spinal manipulation or mobilization, soft tissue therapy, therapeutic exercise, and education delivered by licensed chiropractors.	Procedure: Multimodal chiroprctic care; 10 visits over 16 weeks including spinal manipulation/mobilization, soft tissue therapy, exercise, and education. Participants receive 10 visits of multimodal chiropractic care over 16 weeks in addition to enhanced usual care. Care may include spinal manipulation or mobilization, soft tissue therapy, therapeutic exercise, and education delivered by licensed chiropractors.; Behavioral: Enahnced usual care; Educational materials, usual medical care, biweekly check-in calls. Participants continue their usual medical care and receive educational materials for neck pain self-management and biweekly check-in calls from study staff.
Active Comparator: Enhanced usual care; Educational materials, usual medical care, biweekly check-in calls. Participants continue their usual medical care and receive educational materials for neck pain self-management and biweekly check-in calls from study staff.	Behavioral: Enahnced usual care; Educational materials, usual medical care, biweekly check-in calls. Participants continue their usual medical care and receive educational materials for neck pain self-management and biweekly check-in calls from study staff.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Recrutiment feasibility	Number of particpants enrolled within the recruitment period	12 months
Retention/completion rate	Proportion of participants completing assessments	16 and 24 weeks
Intervention Adherence	Percentage attending ≥ 70% chiropractic sessions	16 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Clinical outcomes	Neck pain intensity, Neck Pain Disability Index, Promis 29, Bothersomeness of Pain, Pain on Movement	baseline, 16 and 24 weeks
Biomarkers / mechanistic	Peak alpha frequency ERP amplitudes Gait speed and stride time variability Stride length Dual task cost (gait speed and variability)	baseline and 16 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital
• Collaborators: Palmer College of Chiropractic
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Peter Wayne, PhD, Brigham and Women's Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): April 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): September 30, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 18, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 9, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): March 13, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 13, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 9, 2026
• Last Verified: March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: gait; randomized trial; neck pain; EEG; chiropractic care
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms; Neck Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2025P001245; GR0117830 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Palmer College Foundation: Palmer College of Chiropractic (non-profit))

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No