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TAVI and PCI in Comparison to SAVR and CABG in Low and Intermediate Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis

5. listopadu 2026 aktualizováno: moustafa abdelmohsen elsayed mohamed, Alexandria University

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Combined With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Comparison to Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Combined With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Low and Intermediate Surgical Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis and Significant Coronary Artery Disease

# WHAT IS THIS STUDY ABOUT?

This study compares two different treatment approaches for patients with two heart conditions occurring simultaneously: a narrowed heart valve (aortic stenosis) and narrowed or blocked heart arteries (coronary artery disease). Both conditions are serious and, when they occur together, place considerable strain on the heart. The heart must work harder to pump blood through the narrowed valve while simultaneously receiving an inadequate blood supply through the blocked coronary arteries.

# WHY IS THIS STUDY NEEDED?

Until recently, the main treatment option for patients with both conditions was open-heart surgery. This major operation involves opening the chest, temporarily stopping the heart, replacing the heart valve with an artificial valve, and performing coronary artery bypass grafting to restore blood flow around the blocked arteries. Although effective, combined surgery carries significant risks, particularly in older or frailer patients, including prolonged recovery, longer hospital stays (often 2 to 3 weeks), bleeding, kidney injury, and other complications.

A newer, less invasive treatment approach is now available. This involves replacing the heart valve through a thin tube (catheter) inserted through a blood vessel in the groin, without opening the chest, and treating the blocked coronary arteries using a fine wire, a small balloon, and a metal mesh tube (stent) placed inside the artery. This approach, known as transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) combined with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), typically requires a shorter hospital stay of approximately 2 to 4 days and may allow an earlier return to normal activities.

However, sufficient evidence from well-designed studies is not yet available to establish whether this less invasive approach is as safe and effective as conventional surgery in patients who are not considered at high surgical risk.

This study aims to address this evidence gap.

# WHO CAN JOIN THIS STUDY?

Adults with severe aortic stenosis and significant coronary artery disease who have been assessed by a specialist heart team as having low or intermediate surgical risk may be eligible to participate.

All participants must be considered suitable for both the catheter-based treatment approach and the surgical approach, based on individual coronary anatomy, clinical characteristics, and medical history.

Patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery, severely impaired left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction below 40%), or a recent myocardial infarction within the previous 6 months are not eligible to participate.

  • WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF A PATIENT JOINS THE STUDY?

Participants will receive one of two treatment approaches, selected by a specialist heart team according to individual coronary and valvular anatomy, clinical circumstances, and patient preference:

  1. Catheter-based aortic valve replacement combined with coronary artery stenting (TAVI + PCI).

  2. Conventional open-heart surgery involving surgical aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting (SAVR + CABG).

    Regardless of the treatment received, all participants will undergo follow-up assessments at hospital discharge, 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after the procedure. Follow-up will include clinical assessments and appropriate cardiac investigations.

    • WHAT IS THE STUDY MEASURING?

    The study will evaluate the incidence of major complications, including all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, serious bleeding, and the need for urgent repeat intervention, during the index hospitalization and within 1 year after the procedure.

    Additional outcomes will include recovery duration, length of hospital stay, and changes in kidney function.

    • WHERE IS THE STUDY TAKING PLACE?

    The study is being conducted at Alexandria University Hospitals and other major cardiac centres across Egypt, with a planned total enrolment of 100 participants.

    # WHO IS CONDUCTING THE STUDY?

    The study is being conducted by Dr. Moustafa AbdelMohsen Elsayed Madkour, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Sobhy and Prof. Dr. Tarek Hussien Elzawawy.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Nábor

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Detailní popis

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease requiring intervention in adults, affecting approximately 2-5% of individuals over 65 years of age. Coronary artery disease (CAD) coexists in 50-75% of patients referred for treatment of severe AS, reflecting shared risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms, including active fibrocalcific valve disease with similarities to atherosclerosis. The simultaneous presence of both conditions creates a complex hemodynamic environment. AS-related left ventricular pressure overload induces concentric hypertrophy, reduces capillary density, elevates left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, impairs coronary flow reserve, and contributes to chronic subendocardial ischemia, even in the absence of significant epicardial coronary disease. The coexistence of significant epicardial CAD further aggravates the myocardial oxygen supply-demand imbalance, potentially accelerating clinical deterioration and worsening cardiovascular outcomes.

An additional complexity involves the assessment of coronary lesion severity using fractional flow reserve (FFR), a standard invasive index for evaluating the functional significance of coronary stenoses. In the setting of severe AS, altered coronary hemodynamics and impaired hyperemic responses may affect FFR measurements, potentially resulting in overestimation of FFR values and underestimation of the functional significance of coronary lesions. The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) appears comparatively less affected by these hemodynamic changes and may provide an alternative physiological assessment in patients with severe AS.

For decades, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the standard treatment strategy for surgically eligible patients with concomitant AS and CAD. This approach provides the potential for complete and durable myocardial revascularization but is associated with substantial operative morbidity, including 30-day mortality rates of approximately 4-8% in intermediate-risk populations, mean hospital stays of 8-14 days, cardiopulmonary bypass-related acute kidney injury, neurocognitive complications, and bleeding.

The development and progressive expansion of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have introduced an alternative treatment strategy for patients with severe AS. Landmark clinical trials, including PARTNER 2, PARTNER 3, Evolut Low Risk, and DEDICATE-DZHK6 (2024), have demonstrated non-inferiority or superiority of TAVI compared with SAVR across selected low- and intermediate-surgical-risk populations. The combination of TAVI and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) offers a fully percutaneous treatment alternative that avoids median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass.

Despite these advantages, the TAVI + PCI strategy presents several clinical challenges. The optimal timing of PCI in relation to TAVI remains a subject of ongoing debate. Coronary re-engagement following TAVI may be technically challenging or restricted by the implanted prosthetic valve frame, with reported failure rates in selected settings. Furthermore, PCI may result in incomplete coronary revascularization compared with surgical bypass, particularly in patients with complex multivessel coronary disease.

Robust prospective comparative evidence evaluating TAVI + PCI versus SAVR + CABG in patients with low and intermediate surgical risk remains limited. Existing evidence from retrospective registries has demonstrated conflicting findings, with some studies reporting lower in-hospital mortality following TAVI + PCI, while others have shown differences in long-term outcomes potentially favouring SAVR + CABG. Prospective comparative studies with standardized endpoint definitions and adjudication specifically addressing this patient population remain necessary.

The present study aims to contribute prospective comparative evidence regarding the clinical outcomes and safety of TAVI + PCI versus SAVR + CABG in patients with concomitant severe AS and significant CAD who are considered at low or intermediate surgical risk.

Typ studie

Pozorovací

Zápis (Odhadovaný)

100

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní kontakt

Studijní záloha kontaktů

  • Jméno: mohamed Khalid Elfeky, Phd in cardiology
  • Telefonní číslo: 002 00201003897779

Studijní místa

    • Alexandira
      • Alexandria, Alexandira, Egypt

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dítě
  • Dospělý
  • Starší dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ne

Pohlaví způsobilá ke studiu

Všechno

Metoda odběru vzorků

Vzorek nepravděpodobnosti

Studijní populace

This prospective comparative study will include 100 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) who are classified as low or intermediate surgical risk, as determined by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score (≤8%) and a multidisciplinary Heart Team evaluation (10, 11). Patients will undergo either TAVI with PCI or SAVR with CABG, based on individual clinical suitability, anatomical considerations and patients' preference.

Participants will be enrolled from Alexandria university hospitals and other high-volume tertiary cardiac centers across Egypt.

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with severe aortic stenosis and concomitant coronary artery disease accepted for transfemoral TAVI by a multidisciplinary Heart Team.
  • Severe aortic stenosis defined as AVA ≤1.0 cm2 and/or mean pressure gradient ≥40 mmHg (echocardiography) and at least one of the following criteria:

A. Dyspnea. B. Angina. C. Syncope. D. Decline in left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, symptoms or fall in blood pressure on exercise testing, or presence of high-risk criteria (peak transaortic velocity >5.5 m/s, severe valve calcification or peak transaortic velocity progression ≥0.3 m/s per year, ) according to current guidelines.(1)

  • Coronary revascularization indicated in angiographically critical stenosis defined as ≥50 for LM and ≥ 70 otherwise, or functionally significant stenosis (fractional flow reserve (FFR) value <0.80) in a coronary artery ≥2.5 mm in diameter and TIMI flow grade III.(12)
  • Classified as low or intermediate surgical risk (STS score ≤8%).
  • Deemed eligible for both TAVI and SAVR by the Heart Team.
  • Able and willing to provide informed consent and comply with study protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40.
  • Acute myocardial infarction within 6 months of planned procedure.
  • Emergent or salvage valve intervention.
  • Planned open-heart surgery for another indication.
  • Severe comorbid conditions limiting life expectancy to <1 year.
  • Contraindications to dual antiplatelet therapy or anticoagulation.
  • Inability to comply with follow-up or provide informed consent.

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

  • Observační modely: COHORT
  • Časové perspektivy: PROSPECTIVE

Kohorty a intervence

Skupina / kohorta
Intervence / Léčba
TAVI and PCI

transcatheter aortic valve replacment together with percautaneous coronary intervention either in the same setting or separety

transcatheter aortic valve intervention

percautaneous coronary intervention

CABG and surgical aortic valve replacment

surgical coronary artery bypass together with aortic valve replacment in the same setting

surgical aortic valve replacment

coronary artery bypass graft

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
In-Hospital Composite Endpoint
Časové okno: Periprocedurally

he occurrence of at least one of the following events periprocedurally from the index procedure through hospital discharge, reported as the number and percentage of participants experiencing one or more events:

All-cause in-hospital mortality.

Non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Emergency coronary or valve reintervention.

High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.

Major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] type ≥3).

Each participant will be counted only once in the composite endpoint, regardless of the number of events experienced.

Periprocedurally
One-Year Composite Endpoint
Časové okno: within 12 months after the procedure

he occurrence of at least one of the following events within 12 months after the index procedure:

All-cause mortality.

Non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.

Major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] type ≥3).

The composite endpoint will be reported as the number and percentage of participants experiencing at least one of the listed events. Each participant will be counted only once, regardless of the number of events experienced.

within 12 months after the procedure

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
All-cause mortality
Časové okno: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: All-cause mortality Description: Number and percentage of participants who died from any cause. Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Non-fatal myocardial infarction
Časové okno: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Non-fatal myocardial infarction. Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Non-fatal stroke or TIA
Časové okno: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing non-fatal stroke or TIA.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
High-degree heart block
Časové okno: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block Description: Number and percentage of participants developing high-degree AV block.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Major bleeding
Časové okno: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Major bleeding (BARC type ≥3) Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing major bleeding classified as BARC type 3 or higher.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Aktuální)

1. února 2026

Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)

1. května 2027

Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)

1. června 2027

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

26. října 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

5. listopadu 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

9. listopadu 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

9. listopadu 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

5. listopadu 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. února 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • 9294175

Plán pro data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)

Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?

NE

Popis plánu IPD

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared publicly because the dataset contains potentially identifiable clinical information. Data will be securely stored and accessible only to the research team. Anonymized aggregate results will be reported in accordance with applicable ethical and institutional requirements.

Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty

Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA

Ne

Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

produkt vyrobený a vyvážený z USA

Ano

Tyto informace byly beze změn načteny přímo z webu clinicaltrials.gov. Máte-li jakékoli požadavky na změnu, odstranění nebo aktualizaci podrobností studie, kontaktujte prosím register@clinicaltrials.gov. Jakmile bude změna implementována na clinicaltrials.gov, bude automaticky aktualizována i na našem webu .