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TAVI and PCI in Comparison to SAVR and CABG in Low and Intermediate Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis

5 novembre 2026 aggiornato da: moustafa abdelmohsen elsayed mohamed, Alexandria University

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Combined With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Comparison to Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Combined With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Low and Intermediate Surgical Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis and Significant Coronary Artery Disease

# WHAT IS THIS STUDY ABOUT?

This study compares two different treatment approaches for patients with two heart conditions occurring simultaneously: a narrowed heart valve (aortic stenosis) and narrowed or blocked heart arteries (coronary artery disease). Both conditions are serious and, when they occur together, place considerable strain on the heart. The heart must work harder to pump blood through the narrowed valve while simultaneously receiving an inadequate blood supply through the blocked coronary arteries.

# WHY IS THIS STUDY NEEDED?

Until recently, the main treatment option for patients with both conditions was open-heart surgery. This major operation involves opening the chest, temporarily stopping the heart, replacing the heart valve with an artificial valve, and performing coronary artery bypass grafting to restore blood flow around the blocked arteries. Although effective, combined surgery carries significant risks, particularly in older or frailer patients, including prolonged recovery, longer hospital stays (often 2 to 3 weeks), bleeding, kidney injury, and other complications.

A newer, less invasive treatment approach is now available. This involves replacing the heart valve through a thin tube (catheter) inserted through a blood vessel in the groin, without opening the chest, and treating the blocked coronary arteries using a fine wire, a small balloon, and a metal mesh tube (stent) placed inside the artery. This approach, known as transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) combined with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), typically requires a shorter hospital stay of approximately 2 to 4 days and may allow an earlier return to normal activities.

However, sufficient evidence from well-designed studies is not yet available to establish whether this less invasive approach is as safe and effective as conventional surgery in patients who are not considered at high surgical risk.

This study aims to address this evidence gap.

# WHO CAN JOIN THIS STUDY?

Adults with severe aortic stenosis and significant coronary artery disease who have been assessed by a specialist heart team as having low or intermediate surgical risk may be eligible to participate.

All participants must be considered suitable for both the catheter-based treatment approach and the surgical approach, based on individual coronary anatomy, clinical characteristics, and medical history.

Patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery, severely impaired left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction below 40%), or a recent myocardial infarction within the previous 6 months are not eligible to participate.

  • WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF A PATIENT JOINS THE STUDY?

Participants will receive one of two treatment approaches, selected by a specialist heart team according to individual coronary and valvular anatomy, clinical circumstances, and patient preference:

  1. Catheter-based aortic valve replacement combined with coronary artery stenting (TAVI + PCI).

  2. Conventional open-heart surgery involving surgical aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting (SAVR + CABG).

    Regardless of the treatment received, all participants will undergo follow-up assessments at hospital discharge, 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after the procedure. Follow-up will include clinical assessments and appropriate cardiac investigations.

    • WHAT IS THE STUDY MEASURING?

    The study will evaluate the incidence of major complications, including all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, serious bleeding, and the need for urgent repeat intervention, during the index hospitalization and within 1 year after the procedure.

    Additional outcomes will include recovery duration, length of hospital stay, and changes in kidney function.

    • WHERE IS THE STUDY TAKING PLACE?

    The study is being conducted at Alexandria University Hospitals and other major cardiac centres across Egypt, with a planned total enrolment of 100 participants.

    # WHO IS CONDUCTING THE STUDY?

    The study is being conducted by Dr. Moustafa AbdelMohsen Elsayed Madkour, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Sobhy and Prof. Dr. Tarek Hussien Elzawawy.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease requiring intervention in adults, affecting approximately 2-5% of individuals over 65 years of age. Coronary artery disease (CAD) coexists in 50-75% of patients referred for treatment of severe AS, reflecting shared risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms, including active fibrocalcific valve disease with similarities to atherosclerosis. The simultaneous presence of both conditions creates a complex hemodynamic environment. AS-related left ventricular pressure overload induces concentric hypertrophy, reduces capillary density, elevates left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, impairs coronary flow reserve, and contributes to chronic subendocardial ischemia, even in the absence of significant epicardial coronary disease. The coexistence of significant epicardial CAD further aggravates the myocardial oxygen supply-demand imbalance, potentially accelerating clinical deterioration and worsening cardiovascular outcomes.

An additional complexity involves the assessment of coronary lesion severity using fractional flow reserve (FFR), a standard invasive index for evaluating the functional significance of coronary stenoses. In the setting of severe AS, altered coronary hemodynamics and impaired hyperemic responses may affect FFR measurements, potentially resulting in overestimation of FFR values and underestimation of the functional significance of coronary lesions. The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) appears comparatively less affected by these hemodynamic changes and may provide an alternative physiological assessment in patients with severe AS.

For decades, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the standard treatment strategy for surgically eligible patients with concomitant AS and CAD. This approach provides the potential for complete and durable myocardial revascularization but is associated with substantial operative morbidity, including 30-day mortality rates of approximately 4-8% in intermediate-risk populations, mean hospital stays of 8-14 days, cardiopulmonary bypass-related acute kidney injury, neurocognitive complications, and bleeding.

The development and progressive expansion of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have introduced an alternative treatment strategy for patients with severe AS. Landmark clinical trials, including PARTNER 2, PARTNER 3, Evolut Low Risk, and DEDICATE-DZHK6 (2024), have demonstrated non-inferiority or superiority of TAVI compared with SAVR across selected low- and intermediate-surgical-risk populations. The combination of TAVI and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) offers a fully percutaneous treatment alternative that avoids median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass.

Despite these advantages, the TAVI + PCI strategy presents several clinical challenges. The optimal timing of PCI in relation to TAVI remains a subject of ongoing debate. Coronary re-engagement following TAVI may be technically challenging or restricted by the implanted prosthetic valve frame, with reported failure rates in selected settings. Furthermore, PCI may result in incomplete coronary revascularization compared with surgical bypass, particularly in patients with complex multivessel coronary disease.

Robust prospective comparative evidence evaluating TAVI + PCI versus SAVR + CABG in patients with low and intermediate surgical risk remains limited. Existing evidence from retrospective registries has demonstrated conflicting findings, with some studies reporting lower in-hospital mortality following TAVI + PCI, while others have shown differences in long-term outcomes potentially favouring SAVR + CABG. Prospective comparative studies with standardized endpoint definitions and adjudication specifically addressing this patient population remain necessary.

The present study aims to contribute prospective comparative evidence regarding the clinical outcomes and safety of TAVI + PCI versus SAVR + CABG in patients with concomitant severe AS and significant CAD who are considered at low or intermediate surgical risk.

Tipo di studio

Osservativo

Iscrizione (Stimato)

100

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Backup dei contatti dello studio

  • Nome: mohamed Khalid Elfeky, Phd in cardiology
  • Numero di telefono: 002 00201003897779

Luoghi di studio

    • Alexandira
      • Alexandria, Alexandira, Egitto
        • Reclutamento
        • Alexandria University Hospital
        • Contatto:
        • Contatto:
        • Investigatore principale:
          • Mostafa Madkour, masters in cardiology

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino
  • Adulto
  • Adulto più anziano

Accetta volontari sani

No

Sessi ammissibili allo studio

Tutto

Metodo di campionamento

Campione non probabilistico

Popolazione di studio

This prospective comparative study will include 100 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) who are classified as low or intermediate surgical risk, as determined by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score (≤8%) and a multidisciplinary Heart Team evaluation (10, 11). Patients will undergo either TAVI with PCI or SAVR with CABG, based on individual clinical suitability, anatomical considerations and patients' preference.

Participants will be enrolled from Alexandria university hospitals and other high-volume tertiary cardiac centers across Egypt.

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with severe aortic stenosis and concomitant coronary artery disease accepted for transfemoral TAVI by a multidisciplinary Heart Team.
  • Severe aortic stenosis defined as AVA ≤1.0 cm2 and/or mean pressure gradient ≥40 mmHg (echocardiography) and at least one of the following criteria:

A. Dyspnea. B. Angina. C. Syncope. D. Decline in left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, symptoms or fall in blood pressure on exercise testing, or presence of high-risk criteria (peak transaortic velocity >5.5 m/s, severe valve calcification or peak transaortic velocity progression ≥0.3 m/s per year, ) according to current guidelines.(1)

  • Coronary revascularization indicated in angiographically critical stenosis defined as ≥50 for LM and ≥ 70 otherwise, or functionally significant stenosis (fractional flow reserve (FFR) value <0.80) in a coronary artery ≥2.5 mm in diameter and TIMI flow grade III.(12)
  • Classified as low or intermediate surgical risk (STS score ≤8%).
  • Deemed eligible for both TAVI and SAVR by the Heart Team.
  • Able and willing to provide informed consent and comply with study protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40.
  • Acute myocardial infarction within 6 months of planned procedure.
  • Emergent or salvage valve intervention.
  • Planned open-heart surgery for another indication.
  • Severe comorbid conditions limiting life expectancy to <1 year.
  • Contraindications to dual antiplatelet therapy or anticoagulation.
  • Inability to comply with follow-up or provide informed consent.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Modelli osservazionali: COHORT
  • Prospettive temporali: PROSPECTIVE

Coorti e interventi

Gruppo / Coorte
Intervento / Trattamento
TAVI and PCI

transcatheter aortic valve replacment together with percautaneous coronary intervention either in the same setting or separety

transcatheter aortic valve intervention

percautaneous coronary intervention

CABG and surgical aortic valve replacment

surgical coronary artery bypass together with aortic valve replacment in the same setting

surgical aortic valve replacment

coronary artery bypass graft

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
In-Hospital Composite Endpoint
Lasso di tempo: Periprocedurally

he occurrence of at least one of the following events periprocedurally from the index procedure through hospital discharge, reported as the number and percentage of participants experiencing one or more events:

All-cause in-hospital mortality.

Non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Emergency coronary or valve reintervention.

High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.

Major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] type ≥3).

Each participant will be counted only once in the composite endpoint, regardless of the number of events experienced.

Periprocedurally
One-Year Composite Endpoint
Lasso di tempo: within 12 months after the procedure

he occurrence of at least one of the following events within 12 months after the index procedure:

All-cause mortality.

Non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.

Major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] type ≥3).

The composite endpoint will be reported as the number and percentage of participants experiencing at least one of the listed events. Each participant will be counted only once, regardless of the number of events experienced.

within 12 months after the procedure

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
All-cause mortality
Lasso di tempo: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: All-cause mortality Description: Number and percentage of participants who died from any cause. Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Non-fatal myocardial infarction
Lasso di tempo: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Non-fatal myocardial infarction. Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing non-fatal myocardial infarction.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Non-fatal stroke or TIA
Lasso di tempo: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing non-fatal stroke or TIA.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
High-degree heart block
Lasso di tempo: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block Description: Number and percentage of participants developing high-degree AV block.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.
Major bleeding
Lasso di tempo: Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Measure: Major bleeding (BARC type ≥3) Description: Number and percentage of participants experiencing major bleeding classified as BARC type 3 or higher.

Unit: Participants

Within 12 months after the index procedure.

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

1 febbraio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

1 maggio 2027

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

1 giugno 2027

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

26 ottobre 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

5 novembre 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

9 novembre 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

9 novembre 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

5 novembre 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 febbraio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 9294175

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared publicly because the dataset contains potentially identifiable clinical information. Data will be securely stored and accessible only to the research team. Anonymized aggregate results will be reported in accordance with applicable ethical and institutional requirements.

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

prodotto fabbricato ed esportato dagli Stati Uniti

Sì

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .