HIV Viral Load Monitoring in Resource-Poor Settings
Effectiveness of HIV Viral Load Monitoring of Patient Outcome in Resource-Poor Settings
No randomized clinical trial to date has demonstrated a survival benefit of using regular HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load (VL) testing to monitor patients' responses to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection. The measurement of VL is recommended to monitor the response to ART in developed countries. In resource-constrained settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) does not recommend routine VL testing, in part due to the cost and complex infrastructure needed for reliable results. In these settings, WHO has proposed the use of clinical and CD4+ lymphocyte-based criteria to guide treatment decisions. However, multiple studies have demonstrated the poor performance of these criteria in sub-Saharan Africa and the frequent discordance between immunologic and virologic responses to ART.
The use of routine viral load monitoring should be evaluated in resource-constrained settings. The investigators hypothesize that routine viral load testing of patients on ART will improve patient survival, decrease disease progression and development of drug resistance, and will be feasible and cost-effective for resource-constrained settings.
Studieoversigt
Status
Status
Betingelser
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljeret beskrivelse
Undersøgelsestype
Undersøgelsestype
Tilmelding (Faktiske)
Tilmelding
Fase
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Studiesteder
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-
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Lusaka, Zambia
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
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Deltagelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Køn, der er berettiget til at studere
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Documented HIV-1 infection (according to local standard rapid testing algorithms)
- Age 18 years or greater
- Able and willing to provide informed consent to participate
Eligible for antiretroviral therapy per Zambian national guidelines, which are any of the following:
- CD4+ cell count less than 200 cells/mm3;
- WHO Stage IV disease; or
- WHO Stage III disease and CD4+ cell count less than 350 cells/mm3
- Residence in the geographical catchment area of the VLS clinic and intent to remain there for the duration of the study
- Willingness to adhere to the study visit schedule and to be followed-up at home in the event of a missed study visit
- Initiating ART on the day of VLS enrollment, informed consent, and baseline blood collection
Exclusion Criteria:
- Receipt of more than 7 days (cumulative) of prior antiretroviral therapy at any time prior to study entry, with the exception of zidovudine and/or single dose nevirapine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission;
- Any exposure to antiretroviral therapy in the past one month
- A condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, would interfere with adherence to study requirements (e.g., mental illness or active drug or alcohol use or dependence)
- Serious illness requiring referral to hospital at the time of ART initiation
- For patients seeking care at sites randomized to the standard of care arm: participation in another research protocol that offers routine viral load testing
- Unwillingness to consent to all aspects of study protocol including blood specimen storage
Studieplan
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Sundhedstjenesteforskning
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
- Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)
Antal våben
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / ArmDeltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / BehandlingIntervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Ingen indgriben: Standard of care
Standard of care arm: utilizes the current standard of care per Zambian national guidelines to determine treatment failure and eligibility for second-line ART.
HIV-1 viral load measurement is performed if the criteria for either immunologic (i.e., CD4+ lymphocyte count-based) or clinical treatment failure are fulfilled.
If both immunologic and clinical treatment failure criteria are fulfilled, the ART regimen is changed to second-line without VL testing.
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Eksperimentel: Routine HIV-1 viral load testing
Routine viral load testing arm: Routine HIV viral load testing at ART initiation (baseline) and at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months thereafter.
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Plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load testing performed at ART initiation (baseline) and at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months thereafter.
Routine viral load results are provided to clinicians for the management of the participant's HIV treatment.
Andre navne:
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|
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Patient overlevelse
Tidsramme: 36 måneder
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36 måneder
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Sekundære resultatmål
Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|
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To assess HIV clinical disease progression (weight, CD4 cell response, incident opportunistic infections)
Tidsramme: 36 months
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36 months
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To assess the impact of more rapid ART regimen switching on available second and third-line treatment options
Tidsramme: 36 months
|
36 months
|
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To monitor the effectiveness of newer antiretroviral medications introduced in Zambia (principally tenofovir)
Tidsramme: 36 months
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36 months
|
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To characterize the timing and sequence of HIV drug resistance development among patients in each study arm
Tidsramme: 36 months
|
36 months
|
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To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and cost effectiveness of the two management strategies in a resource-constrained sub-Saharan African setting
Tidsramme: 36 months
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36 months
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Samarbejdspartnere
Samarbejdspartnere
Efterforskere
Efterforskere
- Ledende efterforsker: Michael S. Saag, M.D., University of Alabama at Birmingham
Publikationer og nyttige links
Datoer for undersøgelser
Studer store datoer
Studiestart
Studiestart
Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)
Primær færdiggørelse
Studieafslutning (Faktiske)
Studieafslutning
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
Først indsendt
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først opslået (Skøn)
Først opslået
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Skøn)
Sidste opdatering sendt
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidst verificeret
Sidst verificeret
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Nøgleord
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- VLS
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