Comparative Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Training Versus Blood Flow Restriction Cycling on Pain, Quadriceps Strength, and Functional Outcomes in Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain (BFR-PFP-RCT)
Comparative Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Training Versus Blood Flow Restriction Cycling on Pain, Quadriceps Strength, and Functional Outcomes in Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Studieoversigt
Status
Status
Betingelser
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljeret beskrivelse
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions in athletes, with reported prevalence of 30-40% in sports populations. High-load resistance training is the conventional rehabilitation approach but often exacerbates joint stress and reduces adherence. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training enables strength gains at low loads by applying a pneumatic cuff at 80% LOP on the proximal thigh.
This trial compares two BFR modalities:
- Group A (BFR-RT): Leg press and seated knee extension, 1x30 + 3x15 reps at 30% 1RM, 3x/week for 8 weeks.
- Group B (BFR-CYC): Stationary cycling at low resistance, 4x5-minute intervals at 70-80 RPM (RPE 11-13), 3x/week for 8 weeks.
All sessions are supervised one-on-one by a physiotherapist. Assessments are conducted at baseline and week 8. The study is single-blinded (outcome assessor blinded). Randomization via computer-generated sequence. Statistical analysis via SPSS v27 (paired t-test / Wilcoxon for within-group; independent t-test / Mann-Whitney for between-group, alpha=0.05).
Undersøgelsestype
Undersøgelsestype
Tilmelding (Anslået)
Tilmelding
Fase
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Studiekontakt
Studiekontakt
- Navn: Haroon Khan, MS. Sports Physical Therapy
- Telefonnummer: +923000526711
- E-mail: haroonkhan2k00@gmail.com
Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup
- Navn: Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MS-NMPT
- Telefonnummer: 923457170732
- E-mail: hafsahgull_khattak@yahoo.com
Studiesteder
-
-
-
Islamabad, Pakistan, 46000
- Rekruttering
- Ibadat International University, Islamabad (Iiui)
-
Kontakt:
- Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MS-NMPT
- Telefonnummer: 923457170732
- E-mail: hafsahgull_khattak@yahoo.com
-
-
Deltagelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Voksen
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male and female athletes aged 18-40 years
- Clinically diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome
- Anterior or retropatellar knee pain of at least 3 months duration
- Pain provoked by at least two functional activities (e.g., squatting, stair climbing, running, prolonged sitting)
- Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of knee surgery or significant knee trauma in the past 6 months
- Presence of ligament, meniscal, or cartilage injuries
- Neurological, vascular, or systemic inflammatory conditions
- Contraindications to BFR training (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, uncontrolled hypertension)
- Pregnancy
Studieplan
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Behandling
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
- Maskning: Enkelt
Antal våben
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / ArmDeltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / BehandlingIntervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
|
Aktiv komparator: BFR Resistance Training Group
Participants perform leg press and seated knee extension exercises at 30% of 1RM with a pneumatic cuff (12 cm wide, Delfi Medical) applied to the proximal thigh at 80% limb occlusion pressure (LOP).
Protocol: 1 set of 30 + 3 sets of 15 repetitions, with 60-second rest between sets (cuff deflated).
Frequency: 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (24 sessions total).
1RM re-estimated every 2 weeks for progressive load adjustment.
Warm-up: 10 min low-resistance cycling (no BFR).
Cool-down: 5 min lower-limb stretching.
|
Participants will undergo blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance training using a pneumatic cuff applied to the proximal thigh at 80% limb occlusion pressure.
Exercises include leg press and seated knee extension performed at 30% of one-repetition maximum (1RM).
Training will be conducted for 8 weeks, with supervised sessions 3 times per week.
Cuff pressure will be monitored and adjusted using BP cuff.
The aim is to improve quadriceps strength and reduce pain in patients with patellofemoral pain.
|
|
Eksperimentel: BFR Cycling Group
Participants perform stationary cycling at low resistance targeting RPE 11-13, with a pneumatic cuff (12 cm wide, Delfi Medical) applied to the proximal thigh at 80% LOP.
Protocol: 4 x 5-minute cycling intervals at 70-80 RPM, with 1-minute rest between intervals (cuff deflated).
Frequency: 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (24 sessions total).
Cadence increased by 5 RPM if RPE <11.
Warm-up: 10 min low-resistance cycling (no BFR).
Cool-down: 5 min lower-limb stretching.
|
Participants will perform stationary cycling combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) applied to the proximal thigh at 80% limb occlusion pressure.
Cycling will be performed at low resistance with controlled cadence for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week under physiotherapist supervision.
The protocol includes structured cycling intervals with rest periods and continuous monitoring of pain and perceived exertion.
The intervention aims to improve quadriceps strength, reduce pain, and enhance functional outcomes in patients with patellofemoral pain.
|
Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
Quadriceps Strength - Handheld Dynamometer
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
Isometric quadriceps muscle strength measured in Newtons using a calibrated handheld dynamometer (ICC > 0.90).
Measurement taken in a standardized seated position at 60° knee flexion.
|
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
|
Pain Intensity - Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
Self-reported pain intensity rated on a 0-10 scale (0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain).
The NPRS has excellent test-retest reliability (ICC 0.95).
|
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
Sekundære resultatmål
Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
Functional Outcomes - Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
13-item patient-reported outcome measure assessing functional limitations due to anterior knee pain.
Scored 0-100 (higher = better function).
High internal consistency (α = 0.83-0.91).
|
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
|
Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Efterforskere
Efterforskere
- Ledende efterforsker: Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MS-NMPT, Ibadat International University, Islamabad (Iiui)
Datoer for undersøgelser
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Faktiske)
Studiestart
Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)
Primær færdiggørelse
Studieafslutning (Anslået)
Studieafslutning
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
Først indsendt
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først opslået (Faktiske)
Først opslået
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
Sidste opdatering sendt
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidst verificeret
Sidst verificeret
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Nøgleord
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- IIUI/RERC/ADT/2026/04/286
Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)
Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?
Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret lægemiddelprodukt
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret enhedsprodukt
Disse oplysninger blev hentet direkte fra webstedet clinicaltrials.gov uden ændringer. Hvis du har nogen anmodninger om at ændre, fjerne eller opdatere dine undersøgelsesoplysninger, bedes du kontakte register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ændring er implementeret på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også blive opdateret automatisk på vores hjemmeside .