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Effect of Treadmill Gait Training Combined With Conventional Physiotherapy on Gait Performance and Functional Mobility in Children With Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial (GAIT-CP)

21. juli 2026 opdateret af: Dr. Tehreem Jameel, Syeda Khatoon e Jannat Welfare Foundation
Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition that affects movement, muscle control, and walking ability in children. Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy often experience increased muscle stiffness, difficulty with walking, reduced balance, and limited functional mobility. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate whether treadmill gait training combined with conventional physiotherapy can improve walking ability, gross motor function, balance, and mobility compared with conventional physiotherapy alone. Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy will receive a 12-week rehabilitation program, and changes in motor function, gait performance, spasticity, and walking endurance will be assessed before and after treatment.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with lower-limb spasticity, impaired motor control, abnormal gait patterns, reduced walking speed, and limitations in functional mobility. Task-specific repetitive locomotor training is an important component of pediatric neurorehabilitation, and treadmill gait training may enhance stepping practice and improve gait-related outcomes.

This assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of treadmill gait training combined with conventional physiotherapy compared with conventional physiotherapy alone in children with bilateral spastic CP. Children aged 6-16 years with GMFCS Level I-III will be recruited from Syeda Khatoon e Jannat Trust Hospital.

Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. The intervention group will receive treadmill gait training (30 minutes/session, 3 sessions/week for 12 weeks) in addition to conventional physiotherapy, including stretching, strengthening, balance training, and functional activities. The control group will receive conventional physiotherapy alone.

Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after intervention using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) as the primary outcome, along with the 10 Meter Walk Test, Timed Up and Go Test, Pediatric Balance Scale, Modified Ashworth Scale, and 6 Minute Walk Test to evaluate gait performance, functional mobility, balance, spasticity, and walking endurance.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

24

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

    • Punjab Province
      • Faisalabad, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 3800
        • Syeda Khatoon e Jannat Trust Hospital & Special Education Centre

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria

  • Clinically confirmed diagnosis of bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.
  • Aged 6 to 16 years.
  • Classified as GMFCS Levels I-III.
  • Able to stand independently, with or without support.
  • Presence of clinically significant lower-limb spasticity, defined as Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) score ≥2.
  • Demonstrated ambulatory ability with Timed Up and Go (TUG) ≤10 seconds.
  • Demonstrated walking ability with 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance of 50-500 meters at baseline.
  • Able to understand simple verbal commands and participate in structured therapy sessions.
  • Parent or legal guardian willing to provide written informed consent.
  • Willing and able to attend the complete 12-week intervention protocol. Exclusion Criteria
  • Botulinum toxin injection within the previous 6 months.
  • Recent pharmacological intervention significantly affecting spasticity.
  • Lower-limb orthopedic surgery within the previous 12 months.
  • Severe intellectual disability (IQ <70) or inability to follow simple instructions required for therapy participation.
  • Uncontrolled seizures, epilepsy, or other neurological conditions that could interfere with participation.
  • Fixed musculoskeletal contractures limiting standing, stepping, or gait training.
  • Cardiopulmonary, medical, or orthopedic conditions that contraindicate treadmill-based exercise.
  • Current participation in another gait-training or rehabilitation research study.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Treadmill Gait Training + Conventional Physiotherapy

Participants will receive treadmill gait training combined with conventional physiotherapy for 12 weeks. Treadmill training will be provided for 30 minutes per session, 3 sessions per week (total 36 sessions). Treadmill speed, assistance level, and progression will be individually adjusted according to participant tolerance, gait quality, and safety. Sessions will be supervised by a qualified physiotherapist.

The conventional physiotherapy program will include stretching exercises, strengthening exercises, balance training, and functional task-oriented activities including sit-to-stand practice, stair training, and obstacle negotiation.

A task-specific locomotor training intervention involving treadmill walking practice for 30 minutes per session, 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks, combined with conventional physiotherapy.
A rehabilitation program including stretching, strengthening, balance training, and functional activities aimed at improving mobility and motor function in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.
Aktiv komparator: Conventional Physiotherapy
Participants will receive conventional physiotherapy for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The rehabilitation program will include stretching exercises, strengthening exercises, balance training, and functional task-oriented activities. The intervention will follow the same duration and frequency as the experimental group but without treadmill gait training.
A rehabilitation program including stretching, strengthening, balance training, and functional activities aimed at improving mobility and motor function in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) is a standardized and validated observational assessment used to evaluate changes in gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. This study will assess changes in the Standing (Dimension D) and Walking, Running, and Jumping (Dimension E) domains to evaluate improvements in functional mobility and gait-related abilities.
Baseline and Week 12

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
MAS
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
randomised controlled trial
Baseline and Week 12
Change in 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT) Walking Velocity
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The 10 Meter Walk Test measures walking speed over a 10-meter distance. Walking velocity (meters/second) will be assessed to determine changes in gait speed and locomotor efficiency following intervention.
Baseline and Week 12
Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) Performance
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The Timed Up and Go Test measures functional mobility and dynamic balance by recording the time required to stand from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, return, and sit down.
Baseline and Week 12
Change in Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The Pediatric Balance Scale is a 14-item performance-based measure used to assess functional balance abilities in children. Changes in balance performance will be evaluated following the intervention.
Baseline and Week 12
Change in Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) Score
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The Modified Ashworth Scale is an ordinal clinical scale used to assess changes in muscle spasticity. Lower-limb muscle groups including hip adductors, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius-soleus muscles will be evaluated.
Baseline and Week 12
Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Distance
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
The 6 Minute Walk Test measures walking endurance by recording the total distance walked in 6 minutes. It will be used to evaluate changes in functional walking capacity.
Baseline and Week 12

Andre resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
MAS
Tidsramme: Baseline and Week 12
randomised controlled trial
Baseline and Week 12

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Dr. Tehreem Jameel, DPT; PGD-PPT, Syeda Khatoon e Jannat Trust Hospital & Special Education Centre

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. februar 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

30. april 2026

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

15. juli 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

27. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

27. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

6. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

22. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

21. juli 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 003-SKJWF-2026

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data will not be shared with other researchers due to ethical considerations, participant confidentiality, and data protection requirements. The collected data will be used solely for the purposes specified in this study protocol. De-identified aggregated results will be reported in scientific publications and presentations to contribute to evidence-based rehabilitation practice.

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