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The Relationship Between Ophiocephalus Striatus Extract and Serum TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP Levels in Primary Dysmenorrhea

27. juni 2026 opdateret af: Legiran, Universitas Sriwijaya

The Relationship Between the Administration of Ophiocephalus Striatus Extract and Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Primary Dysmenorrhea

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain without any underlying pelvic disease. It affects many adolescent girls and can disrupt daily activities, school attendance, and quality of life. The pain is related to inflammation and the production of substances such as prostaglandins and inflammatory proteins like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Ophiocephalus striatus (also known as snakehead fish) is a freshwater fish traditionally used in Southeast Asia to help wound healing and reduce inflammation. It contains high levels of albumin, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

This study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in Palembang, Indonesia. A total of 40 adolescent girls aged 13-19 years with moderate to severe primary dysmenorrhea were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to receive either Ophiocephalus striatus extract (500 mg capsules) or a matching placebo twice daily for 14 days before their expected next menstruation.

Pain intensity was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). Blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of the study to measure serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP using ELISA.

The study found that after 14 days, girls who received the extract had a significant reduction in pain (average VAS decreased from 7.3 to 4.2). Their levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP also decreased significantly. In the placebo group, pain also decreased but the inflammatory markers did not change significantly. No serious side effects were reported.

This suggests that Ophiocephalus striatus extract may help reduce menstrual pain by lowering inflammation. Further research with larger groups and longer treatment periods is needed to confirm these findings.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

40

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Indonesien
    • South Sumatra
      • Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesien, 30114
        • Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescent girls aged 10-19 years who are diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea with regular menstrual cycles.
  • Menstrual pain occurs at least 1 year after menarche.
  • Willing to participate in the study and approved by parents by signing an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Has a history of or is currently suffering from gynecological diseases obtained from the results of anamnesis that has been confirmed by an obstetrician-gynecologist.
  • Suffering from acute or chronic diseases, for example: fever, ARI, sore throat, toothache, ear inflammation, autoimmune, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Consuming corticosteroid drugs in the long term (for example: bethamethasone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolones, hydrocortisone, and cortisone)
  • History of hypersensitivity to Ophiocephalus striatus.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Firedobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Intervention
The experimental group received Ophiocephalus striatus extract in capsule form at a dosage of 2x500mg per day for 14 consecutive days, starting from the 14th day before their next menstruation. Evaluation of drug side effects and medication adherence was conducted by communicating with the respondents via the WhatsApp application. The Ophiocephalus striatus extract used in this study was in the form of 500 mg capsules containing 30% albumin.
Kosttilskud: Ophiocephalus striatus extract
Randomised control trial, Ophiocephalus striatus group (n=20) receive 2x500mg (capsule), placebo group (n=20) receive 2x1 (capsule) for 14 days. VipAlbumin contains 30% albumin, which is believed to improve wound healing and reduce inflammation. The placebo used was a capsule containing flour packaged to resemble an OS extract capsule that would be produced by a third party (Kimia Farma Pharmacy). The intervention will begin on the 14th day of the participants' menstrual cycle, and participants' compliance and any adverse effects will be monitored through daily communication via WhatsApp.
Placebo komparator: Placebo Group
The placebo group was given placebo 2x1 per day for 14 consecutive days, starting on the 14th day before the next menstruation, an evaluation of the side effects of the drug and compliance with taking the drug was carried out by communicating with respondents via the WhatsApp application. The placebo used was a capsule containing flour packaged to resemble an OS extract capsule that would be produced by a third party (Kimia Farma Pharmacy).
Kosttilskud: Ophiocephalus striatus extract
Randomised control trial, Ophiocephalus striatus group (n=20) receive 2x500mg (capsule), placebo group (n=20) receive 2x1 (capsule) for 14 days. VipAlbumin contains 30% albumin, which is believed to improve wound healing and reduce inflammation. The placebo used was a capsule containing flour packaged to resemble an OS extract capsule that would be produced by a third party (Kimia Farma Pharmacy). The intervention will begin on the 14th day of the participants' menstrual cycle, and participants' compliance and any adverse effects will be monitored through daily communication via WhatsApp.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in Menstrual Pain Intensity
Tidsramme: Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Menstrual pain intensity was measured using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst pain imaginable. Participants were asked to rate their pain level at the time of assessment.
Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) Level
Tidsramme: Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Serum TNF-α concentration was measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Cloud-Clone Corp., cat. no. SEA133Hu). Results are expressed in picograms per milliliter (pg/mL).
Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Change in Serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Level
Tidsramme: Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Serum IL-6 concentration was measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Cloud-Clone Corp., cat. no. SEA079Hu). Results are expressed in picograms per milliliter (pg/mL).
Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Change in Serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Level
Tidsramme: Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)
Serum CRP concentration was measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Cloud-Clone Corp., cat. no. SEA821Hu). Results are expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L).
Baseline (first/second day of menstruation prior to intervention) and post-intervention (first/second day of menstruation after completing 14 days of supplementation)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Universitas Sriwijaya

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. marts 2023

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

30. juni 2023

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

30. juni 2023

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

7. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

27. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

30. juni 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

30. juni 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

27. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 070/196/Ban.KBP/2023

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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Kliniske forsøg med Primær dysmenoré (PD)

Kliniske forsøg med Ophiocephalus striatus extract

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