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Research on the Needs, Feasibility, and Intervention Effects of AI Health Coach-based Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention (JITAI) in Weight Management for Overweight/Obese Adults

28. juni 2026 opdateret af: The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine

This pilot study evaluates the needs, feasibility, and preliminary effects of an artificial intelligence (AI) health coach-based just-in-time adaptive intervention for weight management in adults with overweight or obesity.

Participants receive a wearable device and use a WeChat-based platform during the intervention period. The system collects wearable data and self-reported information, and provides timely behavior-change support related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, diet self-monitoring, and weight-management self-regulation. The AI health coach provides conversational support and personalized suggestions based on predefined intervention rules and participant inputs.

The main purpose of this study is to assess whether this AI-supported intervention is feasible and acceptable for adults with overweight or obesity. The study also explores changes in weight-related outcomes, health behaviors, self-efficacy, sleep, and quality of life before and after the intervention.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Overweight and obesity are common chronic health problems that require sustained support for daily behavior change. Digital health interventions may help extend weight-management support into everyday life, but many existing programs rely on generic education, retrospective feedback, or burdensome manual self-monitoring. This study evaluates an AI health coach-based just-in-time adaptive intervention designed to provide timely and individualized support for weight-management behaviors.

This is a single-arm pilot study conducted among adults with overweight or obesity. Participants use a wearable device and a WeChat-based intervention platform during the study period. The intervention combines passive wearable sensing, participant-reported dietary self-monitoring, rule-based just-in-time intervention triggers, and an AI conversational health coach. Intervention content focuses on physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep-related routines, dietary self-monitoring, and self-regulation for weight management.

The AI health coach provides conversational guidance, encouragement, and behavior-change suggestions. Intervention messages are generated or selected based on participant data and predefined rules, with the goal of delivering support at moments when participants may benefit from timely prompts or feedback.

The study evaluates feasibility and acceptability indicators, including wearable use, participant engagement, dietary self-monitoring, and interaction with the AI health coach. Preliminary intervention effects are explored by comparing baseline and post-intervention measures, including weight-related outcomes, body composition, physical activity, sleep, eating-related self-efficacy, and quality of life. The findings will inform the refinement of AI-supported just-in-time adaptive interventions for future controlled trials in weight management.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

31

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Kina
    • Zhejiang
      • Yiwu, Zhejiang, Kina, 322000
        • 4th Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 18 to 60 years.
  • Body mass index of 24 kg/m2 or higher, meeting the Chinese criteria for overweight or obesity.
  • Able to use a smartphone, WeChat-based platform, and wearable device during the study period.
  • Willing to participate in the AI health coach-based just-in-time adaptive intervention and complete study assessments.
  • Provided written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy, lactation, or planning pregnancy during the study period.
  • Severe cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, hepatic, renal, endocrine, psychiatric, or other major diseases that may affect study participation or safety.
  • Medical conditions or medications that may substantially affect body weight or body composition.
  • Contraindications to physical activity or inability to complete the intervention procedures.
  • Current participation in another weight-management intervention or clinical study.
  • Inability to understand the study procedures or complete the required assessments.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: N/A
  • Interventionel model: Enkelt gruppeopgave
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: AI Health Coach-based JITAI
Participants received an AI health coach-based just-in-time adaptive intervention for weight management. The intervention was delivered through a WeChat-based platform and supported by wearable device data and participant-reported dietary self-monitoring.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AI Health Coach-based Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention
The intervention provided timely behavior-change support for weight management through an AI health coach delivered via a WeChat-based platform. The system used wearable device data and participant inputs to support physical activity, sedentary behavior reduction, sleep-related routines, dietary self-monitoring, and self-regulation. Participants received conversational guidance, encouragement, and personalized suggestions based on predefined intervention rules and participant data.
Andre navne:
  • JITAI

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Participant retention rate
Tidsramme: From enrollment to post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Retention rate was defined as the proportion of enrolled participants who completed the post-intervention assessment.
From enrollment to post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Valid wearable use rate
Tidsramme: During the 31-day intervention period
Valid wearable use rate was defined as the proportion of intervention days with valid wearable data. A valid wearable day was defined as a day with at least 10 hours of wear time or at least 180 minutes of main sleep data.
During the 31-day intervention period
Active engagement rate
Tidsramme: During the 31-day intervention period
Active engagement rate was defined as the proportion of intervention days on which participants had at least one interaction with the AI health coach or at least one dietary self-monitoring record.
During the 31-day intervention period
Acceptability of the AI health coach-based intervention
Tidsramme: Post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Acceptability was assessed using a post-intervention questionnaire evaluating participants' perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and willingness to continue using the AI health coach-based intervention. Higher scores indicate greater acceptability.
Post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in body weight
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Body weight was measured at baseline and post-intervention. The outcome was the change in body weight from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in body mass index
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Body mass index was calculated from measured body weight and height. The outcome was the change in body mass index from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in body fat percentage
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Body fat percentage was measured at baseline and post-intervention. The outcome was the change in body fat percentage from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in waist circumference
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Waist circumference was measured at baseline and post-intervention. The outcome was the change in waist circumference from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in visceral fat level
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Visceral fat level was measured at baseline and post-intervention. The outcome was the change in visceral fat level from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in physical activity
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. The outcome was the change in physical activity from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in sleep quality
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Sleep quality was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The outcome was the change in sleep quality score from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in eating self-efficacy
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Eating self-efficacy was assessed using the Chinese version of the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire-Short Form. The outcome was the change in eating self-efficacy score from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Change in health-related quality of life
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days
Health-related quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L. The outcome was the change in health-related quality of life from baseline to post-intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention assessment, approximately 31 days

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Jie Yu, Master, 4th Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. marts 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

15. maj 2026

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

15. maj 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

28. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

28. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

6. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

6. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

28. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • KY-2025-344
  • ChiCTR2600118808 (Registry Identifier: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available because they contain potentially identifiable participant-level behavioral, wearable, and interaction data, but deidentified data may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and with appropriate ethical approval.

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