Effect of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure Management on Postoperative Sore Throat in Pediatric Laparoscopic Appendectomy
The Effect of Intraoperative Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure on Postoperative Sore Throat in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
Abstract Objective:
The aim of this study is to compare two different ways of adjusting the air-filled cushion (cuff) of the breathing tube used during general anesthesia in children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy (closed surgery for appendicitis). The goal is to see if maintaining the pressure in this cushion within a safe, specific range (15-18 mmHg) helps prevent or reduce sore throat, hoarseness, and discomfort, which are common postoperative complications in children.
Study Design:
This is a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Sixty children aged 6 to 18 years scheduled for laparoscopic appendectomy will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to two equal groups: Group A (Control Group): Breathing tube cuff pressure is adjusted using the standard "feeling" (finger palpation) method common in routine practice. Group B (Intervention Group): Breathing tube cuff pressure is measured throughout the surgery using a medical pressure sensor (manometer) and maintained within a safe range (15-18 mmHg). Research Questions: Does actively monitoring airway pressure reduce the number of children experiencing postoperative sore throat? Does this method reduce the severity of sore throat, cough, hoarseness, or other respiratory discomfort compared to the standard method? What will happen?
During surgery, respiratory and heart rate measurements will be recorded every 15 minutes for all participants. After surgery, researchers will visit participants (and their parents) at 2, 6, and 24 hours postoperatively to assess the presence of sore throat, discomfort, or hoarseness. No additional medications or invasive procedures will be used for this study; only how we manage airway pressure will be compared.
Studienübersicht
Status
Status
Bedingungen
Bedingungen
Intervention / Behandlung
Intervention / Behandlung
Detaillierte Beschreibung
Endotracheal tube (ETT) placement is a critical component of pediatric general anesthesia. In pediatric patients, the tracheal mucosa is highly sensitive to pressure. If the ETT cuff pressure exceeds the mucosal capillary perfusion pressure, it can lead to ischemic damage and subsequent postoperative airway morbidities such as postoperative sore throat (POST), cough, and hoarseness.
During laparoscopic surgeries such as appendectomy, the creation of pneumoperitoneum and the necessary surgical positioning increase intra-abdominal and intrathoracic pressures. These physiological changes dynamically increase the peak airway pressure (Ppeak) and the corresponding ETT cuff pressure, making optimal cuff pressure management clinically challenging.
Traditionally, cuff pressure is subjectively adjusted by the anesthesiologist using a pilot balloon palpation technique. However, evidence suggests that this method often leads to undetectable and unsafe high pressures. Alternatively, continuous objective monitoring of endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure using an invasive arterial blood pressure transducer setup offers a real-time method for maintaining pressure within a safe physiological range (15-18 mmHg).
This prospective, randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether continuous objective monitoring and titration of ETT cuff pressure via a pressure transducer, compared to conventional subjective palpation, can optimize intraoperative respiratory mechanics and reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative upper respiratory tract complications in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy.
Studientyp
Studientyp
Einschreibung (Geschätzt)
Einschreibung
Phase
Phase
- Unzutreffend
Kontakte und Standorte
Studienkontakt
Studienkontakt
- Name: Muhammed Yonucu, MD, Resident in Anesthesiology
- Telefonnummer: +905535222961
- E-Mail: harrenhal61@gmail.com
Studienorte
-
-
Yenimahalle
-
Ankara, Yenimahalle, Türkei (türkiye), 06010
- Rekrutierung
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital
-
Kontakt:
- Muhammed Yonucu, MD, Resident in Anesthesiology
- Telefonnummer: 05535222961
- E-Mail: harrenhal61@gmail.com
-
-
Teilnahmekriterien
Zulassungskriterien
Zulassungskriterien
Studienberechtigtes Alter
- Kind
- Erwachsene
Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige
Beschreibung
Inclusion Criteria:
- Pediatric patients aged 6-18 years
- Patients with ASA physical status classification I-III
- Patients scheduled for laparoscopic appendectomy
- Voluntary written informed consent from the patient's legal guardian/parent after being informed in detail about the purpose and method of the study..
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients under 6 years of age
- Patients with ASA IV or higher
- Patients with preoperative sore throat
- Patients who have not completed the preoperative fasting period
- Patients who received intraoperative nasogastric tube
- Patients who received intraoperative N₂O
- Patients with complicated appendicitis diagnosis
- Patients who underwent two or more intubation attempts
- Patients with surgery duration longer than 2 hours
- Patients with predicted or likely airway difficulties
- Patients who underwent conversion from intraoperative laparoscopy to laparotomy
- Presence of tracheal pathology
- Congenital anomalies affecting the airway
- Presence of known upper/lower respiratory tract disease
- Patients requiring planned postoperative mechanical ventilation
- Patients in shock
- Patients with decompensated heart failure or respiratory failure
- Patient or legal representative's refusal to participate in the study
- Patients with a history of smoking
Studienplan
Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?
Designdetails
- Hauptzweck: Verhütung
- Zuteilung: Zufällig
- Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
- Maskierung: Verdreifachen
Anzahl der Arme
Waffen und Interventionen
Teilnehmergruppe / ArmTeilnehmergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / BehandlungIntervention / Behandlung |
|---|---|
|
Aktiver Komparator: Control Group
In this group of patients, endotracheal tube cuff pressure was adjusted using the traditionally used and subjective finger palpation technique of the endotracheal tube pilot balloon.
|
The endotracheal tube cuff pressure was adjusted by the anesthesiologist using the subjective manual palpation technique, where the pressure in the cuff was estimated by manually squeezing the pilot balloon.
No external monitoring device was used in this group, reflecting the conventional clinical practice.
Andere Namen:
|
|
Experimental: Intervention Group
In this group of patients, endotracheal tube cuff pressure was continuously monitored using a pressure transducer from an invasive arterial pressure measurement set and maintained within a safe range (15-18 mmHg).
|
In this group of patients, endotracheal tube cuff pressure was continuously monitored using a pressure transducer from an invasive arterial pressure measurement set and maintained within a safe range (15-18 mmHg).
Andere Namen:
|
Was misst die Studie?
Primäre Ergebnismessungen
Primäre Ergebnismessungen
Ergebnis Maßnahme |
Maßnahmenbeschreibung |
Zeitfenster |
|---|---|---|
|
Incidence of Postoperative Sore Throat
Zeitfenster: 24 hours postoperatively
|
The incidence of sore throat in patients during the first 24 hours after surgery will be evaluated and compared between groups. Sore throat is defined as pain or discomfort felt in the larynx or pharynx, often worsened by swallowing. It will be evaluated as yes/no. |
24 hours postoperatively
|
Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen
Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen
Ergebnis Maßnahme |
Maßnahmenbeschreibung |
Zeitfenster |
|---|---|---|
|
Incidence of postoperative hoarseness.
Zeitfenster: 24 hours postoperatively
|
The frequency of hoarseness will be assessed and compared between groups within the first 24 hours after surgery. Hoarseness will be defined as an abnormal change in the voice, such as the voice sounding breathy, muffled, strained, or a change in loudness or pitch. It will be evaluated as yes/no. |
24 hours postoperatively
|
|
Intraoperative highest inspiratory pressure (Ppeak)
Zeitfenster: Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
The highest inspiratory pressure (Ppeak) (mmHg) measured after intubation (T0), after pneumoperitoneum (T1), and every 15 minutes (T1+15 min=T2, T2+15 min=T3), after abdominal desufflation (Td), and before extubation (Te) will be recorded and compared between groups.
|
Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
|
Frequency and severity of postoperative sore throat according to postoperative time.
Zeitfenster: Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation.
|
Assessment of the presence and severity of sore throat after extubation.
Severity is scored using a 4-point scale: 0 (none), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), 3 (severe).
Comparisons will be made between groups after the assessment.
|
Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation.
|
|
Frequency of Cough at Specific Time Points Postoperatively
Zeitfenster: Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
Postoperative cough will be assessed and compared between groups 2, 6, and 24 hours after discontinuation of intubation.
It will be evaluated as yes/no.
|
Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
|
Incidence of postoperative cough
Zeitfenster: 24 hours postoperatively
|
The frequency of cough will be assessed and compared between groups within the first 24 hours after surgery. It will be evaluated as yes/no. |
24 hours postoperatively
|
|
Incidence of postoperative stridor
Zeitfenster: 24 hours postoperatively
|
The frequency of stridor will be assessed and compared between groups within the first 24 hours after surgery. In a situation where the patient is pain-free (calm), airway secretions are completely cleared, and there is no anatomical/residual airway obstruction, a new, high-pitched inspiratory sound that occurs after extubation will be considered stridor. It will be evaluated as yes/no. |
24 hours postoperatively
|
|
Frequency of Hoarseness at Specific Time Points Postoperatively
Zeitfenster: Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
Postoperative hoarseness will be assessed and compared between groups 2, 6, and 24 hours after discontinuation of intubation. It will be evaluated as yes/no. Hoarseness will be defined as an abnormal change in the voice, such as the voice sounding breathy, muffled, strained, or a change in loudness or pitch. |
Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
|
Frequency of Stridor at Specific Time Points Postoperatively
Zeitfenster: Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
Postoperative stridor will be assessed and compared between groups 2, 6, and 24 hours after discontinuation of intubation. It will be evaluated as yes/no. In a situation where the patient is pain-free (calm), airway secretions are completely cleared, and there is no anatomical/residual airway obstruction, a new, high-pitched inspiratory sound that occurs after extubation will be considered stridor. |
Measured at 2, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation
|
|
Intraoperative End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2)
Zeitfenster: Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) (mmHg) will be recorded and compared between groups after intubation (T0), after pneumoperitoneum (T1), every 15 minutes (T1+15 min=T2, T2+15 min=T3), after abdominal desufflation (Td), and before extubation (Te).
|
Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
|
Intraoperative Leak minute ventilation (MVleak)
Zeitfenster: Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
Leak minute ventilation (MVleak) (L/minute) values will be recorded and compared between groups after intubation (T0), after pneumoperitoneum (T1), every 15 minutes (T1+15 min=T2, T2+15 min=T3), after abdominal desufflation (Td), and before extubation (Te).
|
Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
|
Intraoperative Tidal volume
Zeitfenster: Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
Tidal volume (ml) values will be recorded and compared between groups after intubation (T0), after pneumoperitoneum (T1), every 15 minutes (T1+15 min=T2, T2+15 min=T3), after abdominal desufflation (Td), and before extubation (Te).
|
Throughout the duration of the surgical procedure (approx. 30-120 minutes)
|
Mitarbeiter und Ermittler
Sponsor
Sponsor
Publikationen und hilfreiche Links
Allgemeine Veröffentlichungen
- Liu J, Zhang X, Gong W, Li S, Wang F, Fu S, Zhang M, Hang Y. Correlations between controlled endotracheal tube cuff pressure and postprocedural complications: a multicenter study. Anesth Analg. 2010 Nov;111(5):1133-7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181f2ecc7. Epub 2010 Aug 24.
- Ban MG, Kim SY, Kim MS, Park WK, Kwon YI, Kim HJ. Accuracy of pilot balloon palpation for cuff pressure assessment in small versus large sized tubes: a prospective non-randomized observational study. Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 5;13(1):5580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32704-3.
- Ganason N, Sivanaser V, Liu CY, Maaya M, Ooi JSM. Post-operative Sore Throat: Comparing the Monitored Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure and Pilot Balloon Palpation Methods. Malays J Med Sci. 2019 Sep;26(5):132-138. doi: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.5.12. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
- Wang C, Yan X, Gao C, Liu S, Bao D, Zhang D, Jiang J, Wu A. Effect of continuous measurement and adjustment of endotracheal tube cuff pressure on postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Monit Comput. 2024 Dec;38(6):1379-1386. doi: 10.1007/s10877-024-01173-y. Epub 2024 May 11.
Studienaufzeichnungsdaten
Haupttermine studieren
Studienbeginn (Geschätzt)
Studienbeginn
Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)
Primärer Abschluss
Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)
Studienabschluss
Studienanmeldedaten
Zuerst eingereicht
Zuerst eingereicht
Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat
Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat
Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)
Zuerst gepostet
Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen
Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)
Letztes Update gepostet
Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt
Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt
Zuletzt verifiziert
Zuletzt verifiziert
Mehr Informationen
Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie
Schlüsselwörter
Zusätzliche relevante MeSH-Bedingungen
- Neurologische Manifestationen
- Erkrankungen des Nervensystems
- Darmerkrankungen
- Infektionen
- Erkrankungen der Atemwege
- Erkrankungen des Verdauungssystems
- Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen
- Atemstörungen
- Gastroenteritis
- Otorhinolaryngologische Erkrankungen
- Anzeichen und Symptome, Atmung
- Kehlkopferkrankungen
- Blinddarmerkrankungen
- Stimmstörungen
- Intraabdominelle Infektionen
- Pathologische Zustände, Anzeichen und Symptome
- Anzeichen und Symptome
- Husten
- Heiserkeit
- Appendizitis
- Ausrüstung und Vorräte
- Elektrische Geräte und Vorräte
- Transducers
- Transducers, Pressure
Andere Studien-ID-Nummern
Andere Studien-ID-Nummern
- AEŞH-EK-2026-037
Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)
Planen Sie, individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD) zu teilen?
Beschreibung des IPD-Plans
Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen
Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt
Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt
Diese Informationen wurden ohne Änderungen direkt von der Website clinicaltrials.gov abgerufen. Wenn Sie Ihre Studiendaten ändern, entfernen oder aktualisieren möchten, wenden Sie sich bitte an register@clinicaltrials.gov. Sobald eine Änderung auf clinicaltrials.gov implementiert wird, wird diese automatisch auch auf unserer Website aktualisiert .