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Buzzy® and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package During Blood Draw in Children

10. September 2026 aktualisiert von: Birgul Erdogan, Kocaeli University

The Effect of Buzzy® and a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package on Pain and Fear During Blood Draw in Children: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial

This study evaluated the effects of Buzzy® and a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package on pain and fear/anxiety during blood draw in children aged 7-12 years. Blood draw is a common procedure in children, but it may cause pain, fear, and anxiety. Non-pharmacological methods may help children cope better with this procedure.

Children were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group, a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package group, or a Buzzy® group. Children in the control group received routine blood draw care. Children in the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package group received preparation, age-appropriate information, distraction, supportive guidance, parent support, and positive reinforcement. Children in the Buzzy® group received cold and vibration application before and during the blood draw procedure.

Pain and fear/anxiety levels were assessed by child self-report before and immediately after the blood draw. The study aimed to determine whether Buzzy® and the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package reduce pain and fear/anxiety compared with routine care.

Studienübersicht

Status

Abgeschlossen

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

Needle-related procedures are among the most common sources of procedural pain, fear, and anxiety in children. Blood draw is a short but stressful procedure, and children may experience distress due to needle fear, previous negative experiences, uncertainty about the procedure, and limited coping skills. Poorly managed procedural pain and fear may negatively affect children's future responses to medical procedures.

This study focuses on two non-pharmacological approaches that may support children during blood draw. Buzzy® combines cold and vibration and is intended to reduce pain perception through sensory stimulation. The Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package includes preparation, age-appropriate information, distraction, supportive communication, parent involvement, and positive reinforcement to help the child cope with the procedure.

The study was designed as a three-arm randomized controlled trial conducted in a pediatric blood drawing unit. The intervention procedures were applied within the routine clinical workflow of the unit. Pain and fear/anxiety were evaluated using child self-report measures before and immediately after the blood draw. By comparing Buzzy®, the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package, and routine care, this study aims to provide evidence for practical, child-friendly, and non-pharmacological strategies that can be used by healthcare professionals during pediatric blood draw procedures.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Tatsächlich)

180

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienorte

    • Kocaeli
      • Köseköy, Kocaeli, Türkei (türkiye)
        • Kocaeli University Faculty of Health Sciences

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Kind

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 7 to 12 years
  • Able to read and write
  • No chronic disease
  • No visual, hearing, verbal communication, cognitive, or neurological impairment
  • No use of sedative, analgesic, or narcotic medication within 24 hours before the procedure
  • Willingness of both the child and parent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Child's refusal to participate or continue the assessment process
  • Parent's request to withdraw from the study
  • Inability to complete the blood draw procedure in a single attempt
  • Missing essential data required for analysis

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Unterstützende Pflege
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Keine (Offenes Etikett)

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package Group
Children in this group received the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package in addition to routine blood draw care. The package included age-appropriate preparation and information about the blood draw procedure, pre-procedural distraction, supportive suggestions, parent guidance, distraction during the procedure, and positive reinforcement after the procedure. During the procedure, the child used a selected distraction technique, such as counting, singing, reciting a short poem, or answering questions, with researcher support.
The Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package is a structured, non-pharmacological behavioral intervention applied before, during, and after the blood draw procedure. Before the procedure, the researcher provides age-appropriate information about the blood draw, answers the child's questions, gives supportive suggestions, guides the parent on how to support the child, and helps the child choose a distraction technique. During the blood draw, the selected distraction technique, such as counting, singing, reciting a short poem, or answering questions, is applied with researcher support. After the procedure, the child receives positive verbal feedback and a symbolic reward.
Experimental: Buzzy® Group
Children in this group received Buzzy® in addition to routine blood draw care. Buzzy® is a non-pharmacological device that combines cold and vibration. The device was applied 60 seconds before the blood draw and was continued during the procedure. During venipuncture, Buzzy® was placed approximately 3 cm proximal to the blood draw site.
Buzzy® is a non-pharmacological device that combines cold and vibration. In this study, Buzzy® was applied 60 seconds before the blood draw procedure and continued during the procedure. During venipuncture, the device was placed approximately 3 cm proximal to the blood draw site.
Kein Eingriff: Control Group
Children in this group received routine blood draw care according to the standard procedure of the pediatric blood drawing unit. No additional non-pharmacological intervention, such as Buzzy® or the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Package, was applied.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Children's Fear Scale Score
Zeitfenster: Immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure
Fear was assessed using the Children's Fear Scale, a single-item child self-report measure consisting of five faces scored from 0 (no fear) to 4 (extreme fear). The total score ranges from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fear and therefore a worse outcome. Children reported their fear immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure.
Immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure
Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale Score
Zeitfenster: Immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure
Pain intensity was assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES® Pain Rating Scale, a single-item child self-report measure consisting of six faces. In this study, the faces were scored from 0 (no pain) to 5 (the most severe pain). The total score ranges from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity and therefore a worse outcome. Children reported their pain immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure.
Immediately before and immediately after the blood draw procedure

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Ermittler

  • Hauptermittler: Birgül Erdoğan, Kocaeli University

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

10. Januar 2025

Primärer Abschluss (Tatsächlich)

24. April 2026

Studienabschluss (Tatsächlich)

24. April 2026

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

1. Juli 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

1. Juli 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

8. Juli 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

15. September 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

10. September 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. September 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • KOU-GOKAEK-2024-16-13

Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)

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NEIN

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

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