Diese Seite wurde automatisch übersetzt und die Genauigkeit der Übersetzung wird nicht garantiert. Bitte wende dich an die englische Version für einen Quelltext.

Early Mobilization and No Urinary Catheter After Cesarean for Improved Post Operative Recovery: A Randomized Trial

28. September 2026 aktualisiert von: Bnai Zion Medical Center

Impact of Promoting Early Mobilization and Eliminating Urinary Catheterization on Post-Cesarean Recovery: A Randomized Control Trial

ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) is a set of steps used around surgery to help patients recover faster and better. ERAS guidelines have been adopted in several surgical fields, and evidence-based recommendations have recently been developed for cesarean delivery as well.

These guidelines address multiple parts of post-operative care, including prevention of nausea and vomiting, pain control, thromboprophylaxis, early mobilization, urinary catheter use, and discharge counseling.

Early mobilization is a key element of ERAS, but there is currently limited high-quality evidence about its specific benefits after cesarean delivery. In theory, mobilizing earlier may reduce thromboembolic events, shorten hospitalization, and speed up return of bowel function.

Another important ERAS component is avoiding routine urinary catheter use. Evidence suggests that a no-catheter policy can shorten the time to first mobilization, first eating, and first bowel movement, and can reduce overall hospital stay compared with routine catheter use around cesarean delivery. In a randomized controlled trial of 300 women assigned to immediate versus delayed (12-hour) catheter removal after cesarean delivery, immediate removal reduced bacteriuria and urinary symptoms (dysuria, frequency, urgency), and also shortened time to first mobilization and length of stay. A systematic review also found that inserting a catheter before cesarean delivery increases the risk of urinary tract infection without improving surgical ease. A 2014 Cochrane review concluded that routine catheter use increases time to first urination, increases discomfort, delays mobilization, and prolongs hospital stay.

The aim of the present study is to compare early mobilization combined with no urinary catheter in women undergoing planned cesarean delivery versus standard perioperative care, to improve recovery after surgery.

Studienübersicht

Status

Abgeschlossen

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

Procedure

According to our department policy, the protocol for women undergoing a planned cesarean delivery includes prophylactic intravenous antibiotics with cefazolin 2 g given within 60 minutes of the start of surgery, together with 500-1000 mL of lactated Ringer's solution before surgery. Spinal anesthesia is then performed using 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine with 100 micrograms intrathecal morphine. Immediately afterward, a Foley urinary catheter is inserted into the bladder.

The surgical technique is at the discretion of the surgeon and is usually performed using the Misgav Ladach method. During the operation, the patient receives intravenous ondansetron to prevent nausea and vomiting, and phenylephrine is given to treat episodes of hypotension. Skin closure is performed using a continuous subcuticular suture. After surgery, the woman receives thromboprophylaxis according to her risk factors. Eight hours after surgery, the urinary catheter is removed and the woman gets out of bed for the first time, accompanied by a nurse, to go to the toilet or shower.

All women receive scheduled, around-the-clock analgesia during the first 24 hours: 1,000 mg intravenous paracetamol plus 400 mg ibuprofen every 8 hours, with the option to add dipyrone, tramadol, or morphine for breakthrough pain according to the VAS score. After that, pain treatment is given on request. Women are usually discharged on postoperative day 3.

A woman who agrees to participate in the study will sign an informed consent form and will be randomized to one of two groups. Women in the control group will receive the routine care described above. The intervention group will receive different perioperative care: no urinary catheter will be inserted, and the woman will be asked to void immediately before transfer to the operating room. Preoperative fluids will be limited to 200-300 mL of lactated Ringer's, and the woman will receive phenylephrine during surgery to maintain blood pressure. After surgery, the woman will get out of bed after 4 hours for her first void and to shower. All other perioperative care will be identical to the control group, including antibiotics, spinal anesthesia, pain control, and antithrombotic prophylaxis.

Randomization will be performed according to a computerized list, and allocation will be placed in an opaque, sequentially numbered envelope. After the patient signs the consent form, the envelope will be opened.

-

Data collection

Demographic and obstetric data will be collected from the women's medical records. The primary outcome will be a composite outcome that includes: the QoR-15 (Quality of Recovery 15) questionnaire score completed 24 hours after delivery, the number of steps during the first 24 hours as counted by a smartwatch , and opioid consumption beyond the scheduled regimen during the first postoperative day. A positive outcome will be recorded if the participant meets 2 of the following 3 criteria:

  1. QoR-15 score > 118
  2. More than 454 steps per day (one standard deviation below the mean)
  3. Opioid consumption during the first 24 hours after surgery (beyond the scheduled regimen)

Secondary outcomes will include the number of steps in the first 24 hours, and VAS pain scores at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours. VAS scores at 4 and 8 hours will be recorded at rest and immediately after the first mobilization. Additional secondary outcomes will include inability to mobilize to the shower after the first time out of bed, patient satisfaction, use of analgesics, breastfeeding and time to first breastfeeding, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. Intraoperative complications will include bladder or bowel injury and postpartum hemorrhage. Postoperative complications will include urinary retention, need for blood transfusion, wound infection, endometritis, urinary tract infection, paralytic ileus, hematoma requiring drainage, need for repeat laparotomy, and readmission during the first two weeks after surgery.

-

Sample size calculation

Assuming a composite outcome rate of 80% in the control group, and a hypothesized clinically meaningful improvement of 15% in the intervention group, with an alpha error of 5% and power of 80%, the calculated sample size is 260 participants (130 in each group).

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Tatsächlich)

260

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienorte

      • Haifa, Israel
        • Bnei Zion

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Kind
  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Ja

Studienberechtigte Geschlechter

Weiblich

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • elective surgery
  • Singleton

Exclusion Criteria:

  • placenta accreta
  • Limited mobility
  • Allergy to nsaids/paracetamol/optalgin

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Unterstützende Pflege
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Keine (Offenes Etikett)

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Kein Eingriff: Control

Urine catheter at surgery and regular ambulation after 8 hours

Experimental: enhanced ERAS

Omission of urinary catheter and early ambulation after 4 hours

Omission of urinary catheter and early ambulation

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Enhanced recovery
Zeitfenster: 24 hours

composite outcome scoring positive on 2/3 components: Recovery questionnaire score above 118, step count above 454 and non opioid use

24 hours

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Inability to Ambulate on First Postoperative Attempt
Zeitfenster: At first postoperative ambulation attempt- between 4-8 hours postoperative

Number of participants unable to ambulate on the first attempted postoperative ambulation.

At first postoperative ambulation attempt- between 4-8 hours postoperative
Pre and post ambulation Pain Score on the Visual Analog Scale
Zeitfenster: Immediately before and after first postoperative ambulation

Pain assessed immediately before and after first ambulation using a Visual Analog Scale from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain.

Immediately before and after first postoperative ambulation
Postoperative Pain Score at 2-12 Hours
Zeitfenster: 2-12 hours after surgery

Score at 2, 4, 8, 12 Hours Pain assessed using a Visual Analog Scale from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain.

2-12 hours after surgery
Maternal Satisfaction Score at 24 Hours and 1 week after surgery and in comparison to previous Cesarean Section
Zeitfenster: 24 hours and 1 week after surgery

Maternal satisfaction assessed on a 1-10 scale, where higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.

24 hours and 1 week after surgery
Post-surgical Complication Within 7 Days of surgery
Zeitfenster: From surgery through postoperative day 7

Number of participants with one or more post-surgical complications during the first postoperative week and specification of each complication

From surgery through postoperative day 7
Hospital Length of Stay
Zeitfenster: From surgery/delivery through hospital discharge

Number of days from surgery/delivery to hospital discharge.

From surgery/delivery through hospital discharge
Participants Rehospitalized Within 1 Week
Zeitfenster: From discharge/surgery through postoperative day 7

Number of participants rehospitalized within 1 week after surgery.

From discharge/surgery through postoperative day 7
Neonates With Late Neonatal Complications Within 7 Days
Zeitfenster: Birth through neonatal day 7

Number of neonates with late neonatal complications and specification of the different complications that occurred.

Birth through neonatal day 7
breastfeeding at 1 day and 1 week after surgery
Zeitfenster: 1 day and 1 week postpartum

number of participants breastfeeding at 1 day and 1 week postpartum among women who intended to breastfeed. Women not interested in breastfeeding were excluded from this analysis.

1 day and 1 week postpartum
Participants Rehospitalized Within 1 Week
Zeitfenster: Rehospitalization within a week after discharge

Number of participants rehospitalized within 1 week after surgery.

Rehospitalization within a week after discharge
Post-surgical Complication Within 7 Days of surgery
Zeitfenster: Day of surgery through postoperative day 7

Number of participants with one or more post-surgical complications during the first postoperative week and specification of each complication

Day of surgery through postoperative day 7

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

21. Oktober 2021

Primärer Abschluss (Tatsächlich)

6. Januar 2025

Studienabschluss (Tatsächlich)

10. September 2025

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

26. April 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

28. September 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

1. Oktober 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

1. Oktober 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

28. September 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. Oktober 2021

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • REC-SP-CS-001

Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)

Planen Sie, individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD) zu teilen?

JA

Beschreibung des IPD-Plans

De-identified individual participant data (including data dictionary) will be shared. Requests may be submitted to liannapinsky@gmail.co. Access will be provided to qualified researchers for analyses under a data use agreement.

IPD-Sharing-Zeitrahmen

May 2026

IPD-Sharing-Zugriffskriterien

ualified researchers may request access to de-identified individual participant data and supporting information by contacting the study team at liannapinsky@gmail.com. Requests will be reviewed by the investigators, and access will be granted for scientifically valid research purposes after approval of the request and completion of a data access/use agreement.

Art der unterstützenden IPD-Freigabeinformationen

  • STUDIENPROTOKOLL
  • CSR

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

Diese Informationen wurden ohne Änderungen direkt von der Website clinicaltrials.gov abgerufen. Wenn Sie Ihre Studiendaten ändern, entfernen oder aktualisieren möchten, wenden Sie sich bitte an register@clinicaltrials.gov. Sobald eine Änderung auf clinicaltrials.gov implementiert wird, wird diese automatisch auch auf unserer Website aktualisiert .