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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Added to Risperidone for Schizophrenia (CBT-BDNF-SCZ)

20. Mai 2026 aktualisiert von: Maya Angela Lisal, Hasanuddin University

Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as Adjunctive Therapy on Cognitive Function and Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Patients With Schizophrenia Receiving Risperidone Therapy

This study evaluated whether cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), when added to risperidone treatment, improves cognitive function and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with schizophrenia. Participants were adults with stable-phase schizophrenia who were receiving risperidone therapy. They were assigned to either a control group receiving risperidone alone or an intervention group receiving risperidone plus 10 weekly CBT sessions.

Cognitive function was assessed using the Indonesian version of the Cognitive Assessment Interview (CAI-Ina). Serum BDNF levels were measured from blood samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Measurements were performed at baseline and after 10 weeks. The study was conducted at Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Dadi, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Studienübersicht

Status

Abgeschlossen

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder associated not only with psychotic symptoms but also with persistent cognitive impairment. Cognitive deficits may affect attention, working memory, verbal memory, processing speed, reasoning, problem solving, and social cognition. These impairments can interfere with daily functioning and long-term recovery. Although risperidone is commonly used as an antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia, its effect on cognitive function may be limited. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may provide additional benefit by helping patients identify maladaptive beliefs, develop coping strategies, improve insight, and strengthen adaptive behavior.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of CBT as an adjunctive therapy to risperidone on cognitive function and serum BDNF levels in patients with schizophrenia. BDNF is a neurotrophic factor involved in neuroplasticity, synaptic function, learning, and memory. Lower BDNF levels have been associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The study assessed whether adding CBT to risperidone therapy was associated with improvement in cognitive function and changes in serum BDNF levels.

This was an interventional, randomized, single-blind, rater-blind study. Participants were patients with stable-phase schizophrenia treated at Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Dadi, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Eligible participants were adults aged 20 to 50 years with schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSM-5 and PPDGJ-III criteria, illness onset of 5 years or less, stable clinical condition, and ongoing risperidone therapy.

Participants were assigned to two groups. The control group received risperidone therapy. The intervention group received risperidone therapy plus CBT. The CBT intervention consisted of 10 sessions delivered once weekly over 10 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30 minutes. The CBT sessions included engagement and assessment of target problems, cognitive formulation, exploration of appraisals, evaluation of beliefs, gentle reality testing, development of alternative explanations, behavioral experiments, coping strategy enhancement, insight building, relapse prevention, and future planning.

Cognitive function was measured using the Indonesian version of the Cognitive Assessment Interview (CAI-Ina), an interview-based instrument for assessing cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. Serum BDNF levels were measured from peripheral blood samples using ELISA. Assessments were performed at baseline and at week 10. The main objective was to compare changes in cognitive function and serum BDNF levels between the risperidone-only group and the risperidone plus CBT group.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Tatsächlich)

42

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienorte

  • Indonesien
    • South Sulawesi
      • Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesien, 90113
        • Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah (RSKD) Dadi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 and PPDGJ-III criteria.
  • Illness onset of schizophrenia ≤ 5 years since the first appearance of symptoms.
  • Age 20 to 50 years.
  • Clinically stable phase, defined as PANSS score 30 to 60.
  • Receiving risperidone therapy at a dose of 4 to 6 mg/day.
  • Minimum educational level of senior high school.
  • Willing to participate in the study and sign informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of organic comorbid conditions, such as neurological disorders, severe endocrine or metabolic disorders, chronic liver or kidney disease, or systemic infection, that may affect cognitive function or serum BDNF levels.
  • History of substance use before hospital admission, except caffeine and nicotine.
  • Use of anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, or antioxidant medications.
  • Intellectual disability or mental retardation.
  • Unwilling to attend cognitive behavioral therapy sessions.

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Behandlung
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Single

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Aktiver Komparator: Control Group
Participants received risperidone therapy without cognitive behavioral therapy.
Arzneimittel: Risperidone 4 to 6 mg/day
Risperidone was administered as antipsychotic therapy for patients with schizophrenia. Participants in both study groups received risperidone therapy according to the study protocol.
Experimental: Intervention Group
Participants received risperidone therapy plus 10 weekly sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy over 10 weeks. Each CBT session lasted approximately 30 minutes.
Arzneimittel: Risperidone 4 to 6 mg/day
Risperidone was administered as antipsychotic therapy for patients with schizophrenia. Participants in both study groups received risperidone therapy according to the study protocol.
Verhalten: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy was delivered as an adjunctive intervention to risperidone therapy. The intervention consisted of 10 weekly sessions over 10 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30 minutes. Sessions included engagement, cognitive formulation, appraisal exploration, belief evaluation, gentle reality testing, alternative explanations, behavioral experiments, coping strategy enhancement, insight building, relapse prevention, and future planning.
Andere Namen:
  • CBT

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in Cognitive Function Assessed by CAI-Ina Total Score
Zeitfenster: Baseline and week 10
Cognitive function was assessed using the Indonesian version of the Cognitive Assessment Interview (CAI-Ina). The CAI-Ina evaluates cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia, including processing speed, attention, working memory, verbal memory, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Higher scores indicate greater cognitive impairment. The outcome was the change in total CAI-Ina score from baseline to week 10.
Baseline and week 10

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level
Zeitfenster: Baseline and week 10
Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level was measured from peripheral blood samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The outcome was the change in serum BDNF level from baseline to week 10. Values were reported in pg/mL.
Baseline and week 10

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Hasanuddin University

Ermittler

  • Hauptermittler: Maya Angela Lisal, Medical Doctor, Hasanuddin University

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

1. November 2025

Primärer Abschluss (Tatsächlich)

31. Januar 2026

Studienabschluss (Tatsächlich)

31. Januar 2026

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

20. Mai 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

20. Mai 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

27. Mai 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

27. Mai 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

20. Mai 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. Mai 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Schlüsselwörter

Zusätzliche relevante MeSH-Bedingungen

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • UH25090757
  • 807/UN4.6.4.5.31/PP36/2025 (Andere Kennung: Hasanuddin University Research Ethics Committee)

Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)

Planen Sie, individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD) zu teilen?

NEIN

Beschreibung des IPD-Plans

Individual participant data will not be shared because no IPD sharing plan was specified in the approved study protocol, and participant confidentiality will be maintained according to the ethics approval and informed consent procedures.

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

Diese Informationen wurden ohne Änderungen direkt von der Website clinicaltrials.gov abgerufen. Wenn Sie Ihre Studiendaten ändern, entfernen oder aktualisieren möchten, wenden Sie sich bitte an register@clinicaltrials.gov. Sobald eine Änderung auf clinicaltrials.gov implementiert wird, wird diese automatisch auch auf unserer Website aktualisiert .

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