Acute Effects of Active Breaks and Physically Active Learning in University Students (PAL UNI)
2026년 9월 8일 업데이트: Carlos Martín Martínez, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Acute Effects of Active Breaks and Physically Active Learning on Executive Functions, Interest-Enjoyment, and Academic Performance in University Students
This multicenter randomized crossover study will examine the acute effects of four classroom break conditions on executive functions, immediate academic performance, perceived exertion, and interest-enjoyment in university students.
Each participant will complete four experimental sessions in which a different 15-minute condition will be implemented: a sedentary free break, a sedentary academic review break, an active break without academic content, and physically active learning combining movement with academic review.
Cognitive performance will be assessed before and after each session using Stroop and N-Back tasks.
Academic performance, perceived exertion, and interest-enjoyment will be assessed after each experimental session.
연구 개요
상태
상태
아직 모집하지 않음
정황
정황
개입 / 치료
개입 / 치료
상세 설명
This is a multicenter, randomized, counterbalanced crossover study conducted in university students from eight Spanish universities.
Participants will first complete a familiarization session in which study procedures, cognitive assessments, and the participant identification system will be explained and practiced.
Each participant will subsequently complete four experimental sessions, separated by at least one week whenever feasible. Each experimental session will include:
- A 10-minute PRE assessment including Stroop and N-Back tests.
- Approximately 45 minutes of regular academic instruction.
- A 15-minute experimental classroom break.
- Up to 10 additional minutes of regular instruction.
- An immediate POST assessment including Stroop, N-Back, a 10-item academic performance test, perceived exertion, and interest-enjoyment.
The four experimental conditions will be:
A. Sedentary free break without academic content. B. Sedentary academic review using true/false questions. C. Active break without academic content. D. Physically active learning combining the same physical activities used in Condition C with academic true/false questions.
The order of the four conditions will be randomized and counterbalanced across participating groups. Participants will therefore act as their own controls.
A subsample of participants may wear accelerometers to objectively characterize physical activity and sedentary behavior during the experimental sessions.
연구 유형
연구 유형
중재적
등록 (추정된)
등록
700
단계
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.
연구 연락처
연구 연락처
- 이름: Carlos Martín-Martínez, PhD
- 전화번호: +34914884880
- 이메일: carlos.martinm@urjc.es
연구 장소
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Navarre
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Pamplona, Navarre, 스페인
- Universidad Pública de Navarra
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연락하다:
- Óscar Martínez de Quel Pérez, PhD
- 전화번호: +34948169479
- 이메일: oscar.martinezdequel@unavarra.es
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-
참여기준
연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.
자격 기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
- 성인
- 고령자
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
예
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- University students aged 18 years or older.
- Currently enrolled in one of the participating university courses/classes.
- Provision of informed consent.
- Ability to participate safely in light-to-moderate classroom physical activity.
- Ability to complete computerized cognitive assessments.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Injury, illness, or medical condition contraindicating participation in physical activity.
- Acute illness or other condition on the day of testing likely to substantially affect attention or cognitive performance.
- Inability to complete the required computerized cognitive assessments.
공부 계획
이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 기초 과학
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 크로스오버 할당
- 마스킹: 없음(오픈 라벨)
팔의 수
4
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
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간섭 없음: Sedentary Free Break
Participants complete a 15-minute sedentary break without structured physical activity or academic review.
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실험적: Sedentary Academic Review
Participants remain sedentary during a 15-minute academic review activity based on true/false questions related to content presented during the preceding 45 minutes of class.
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A 15-minute sedentary academic review activity using 10 true/false questions based on academic content presented during the first 45 minutes of the session.
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실험적: Active Break Without Academic Content
Participants complete a standardized 15-minute active break involving moderate physical activities without academic content.
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A standardized 15-minute classroom physical activity break without academic content.
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실험적: Physically Active Learning
Participants complete a standardized 15-minute physically active learning session combining physical movements with true/false questions related to academic content presented during the preceding 45 minutes.
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A standardized 15-minute intervention combining physical activity with academic true/false questions.
Participants respond to academic questions through predefined physical movements.
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Inhibitory Control Assessed by the Stroop Test
기간: Immediately before and approximately 10 minutes after the 15-minute experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
|
Inhibitory control will be assessed using the Stroop task.
Outcomes will include response accuracy and reaction time.
Acute change will be calculated by comparing PRE and POST performance within each experimental session.
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Immediately before and approximately 10 minutes after the 15-minute experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Change in Working Memory Assessed by the N-Back Test
기간: Immediately before and approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Working memory will be assessed using the N-Back task.
Outcomes will include accuracy, omissions/errors, and reaction time.
Acute change will be calculated from PRE to POST within each experimental session.
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Immediately before and approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
|
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Immediate Academic Performance
기간: Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Academic performance will be assessed using a 10-item multiple-choice test developed specifically for the academic content taught during each experimental session.
Each question will have three response options and one correct answer.
The outcome will be the number of correct responses, ranging from 0 to 10.
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Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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2차 결과 측정
2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
Interest-Enjoyment
기간: Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Interest and enjoyment will be assessed using three items from the Interest/Enjoyment subscale of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory.
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Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Rating of Perceived Exertion
기간: Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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Perceived exertion during the 15-minute experimental condition will be assessed using a 0-10 Rating of Perceived Exertion scale, where higher scores indicate greater perceived exertion.
|
Approximately 10 minutes after the experimental condition, during each of the four experimental sessions.
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기타 결과 측정
기타 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
Physical Activity During Experimental Sessions
기간: Throughout each experimental classroom session, approximately 2 hours.
|
In a subsample of participants, triaxial accelerometers will objectively assess sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and mean activity intensity during the experimental sessions.
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Throughout each experimental classroom session, approximately 2 hours.
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.
협력자
협력자
수사관
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Carlos Martín-Martínez, PhD, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- 연구 책임자: Óscar Martínez de Quel Pérez, PhD, Universidad Pública de Navarra
연구 기록 날짜
이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (추정된)
연구 시작
2026년 9월 15일
기본 완료 (추정된)
기본 완료
2027년 6월 30일
연구 완료 (추정된)
연구 완료
2027년 7월 31일
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
최초 제출
2026년 9월 3일
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
2026년 9월 3일
처음 게시됨 (실제)
처음 게시됨
2026년 9월 9일
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
마지막 업데이트 게시됨
2026년 9월 10일
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
2026년 9월 8일
마지막으로 확인됨
마지막으로 확인됨
2026년 9월 1일
추가 정보
이 연구와 관련된 용어
기타 연구 ID 번호
기타 연구 ID 번호
- PAL-UNI-2026
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?
아니요
IPD 계획 설명
Individual participant data will not be publicly shared due to data protection and confidentiality considerations.
Aggregated and anonymized study results may be made available upon reasonable request, subject to institutional and ethical approval.
약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서
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아니
미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구
아니
이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .