FueL Use During eXercise in Males and Females (FLUX)
Influence of Pre-exercise Nutrition on Exercise Fuel Use in Males and Females
This study will investigate whether pre-exercise nutrition influences sex differences in fuel utilization during endurance exercise. Twenty-four recreationally active adults (12 females and 12 males) will complete three experimental exercise trials in a randomized, counterbalanced crossover design. Before each trial, participants will consume either a carbohydrate beverage, a protein-based beverage, or a flavour-matched non-caloric beverage representing the fasted condition. Thirty minutes later, participants will complete 90 minutes of moderate-intensity cycling followed by a cycling time-to-task-failure test. Whole-body carbohydrate and fat oxidation, exogenous substrate oxidation, blood metabolites, and exercise performance will be assessed.
연구 개요
상태
상태
정황
정황
개입 / 치료
개입 / 치료
상세 설명
Sex differences in substrate utilization during fasted endurance exercise are well established, with females generally demonstrating greater reliance on fat oxidation and lower carbohydrate utilization than males. However, exercise is frequently performed following nutrient ingestion, and it remains unclear whether sex differences in substrate utilization persist when carbohydrate or protein is consumed before exercise.
This randomized, counterbalanced crossover study will compare three pre-exercise nutritional conditions: carbohydrate (CHO), protein (PRO), and fasted/placebo (FAST). Participants will complete each condition separated by a minimum three-day washout. Following an overnight fast, participants will consume the assigned beverage and rest for 30 minutes before completing 90 minutes of cycling at 65% of VO2peak. This will be followed by a two-minute rest and a cycling time-to-task-failure test at 85% of maximal work rate.
The primary objective is to determine whether pre-exercise nutrition modifies sex differences in whole-body carbohydrate and fat oxidation and exogenous substrate oxidation during exercise. A secondary objective is to determine the effects of pre-exercise nutrition and sex on subsequent exercise performance.
연구 유형
연구 유형
등록 (추정된)
등록
단계
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
연구 연락처
연구 연락처
- 이름: Jenna Gillen, PhD
- 전화번호: 4169783244
- 이메일: jenna.gillen@utoronto.ca
연구 연락처 백업
- 이름: Victoria Bennett
- 전화번호: 4169783244
- 이메일: victoria.bennett@mail.utoronto.ca
연구 장소
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Ontario
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Toronto, Ontario, 캐나다, M5S 2C9
- 모병
- Goldring Centre for High Performance Sport
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연락하다:
- Jenna Gillen
- 전화번호: 4169783244
- 이메일: jenna.gillen@utoronto.ca
-
연락하다:
- Victoria Bennett
- 전화번호: 4169783244
- 이메일: victoria.bennett@mail.utoronto.ca
-
-
참여기준
자격 기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
연구 대상 성별
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participating in ≥150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week
- VO₂peak classified as "good" or above based on American College of Sports Medicine normative values: >35.0 mL/kg/min for females and >39.0 mL/kg/min for males
- Body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 27 kg/m²
- Participating in 3-5 structured exercise sessions per week
- Weight stable, defined as within ±2 kg for at least 6 months
- Non-smoker
- Females must be eumenorrheic
Exclusion Criteria:
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or endometriosis Current use of oral contraceptives or oral contraceptive use within the previous 3 months Diagnosed cardiovascular or metabolic disease Hypergonadism or hypogonadism Use of medications for management of blood glucose or lipid metabolism Pregnant or <12 months postpartum Lactating or breastfeeding within 3 months of study commencement Menopausal Recreational tobacco smoking Inability to complete the study exercise protocols or comply with pre-trial dietary or physical activity controls Use of medications that may affect substrate metabolism, including corticosteroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Currently following a low-carbohydrate diet, such as a ketogenic or Atkins diet
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 기초 과학
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 크로스오버 할당
- 마스킹: 더블
팔의 수
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
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실험적: Carbohydrate (CHO)
Participants will consume a carbohydrate beverage following an overnight fast. Thirty minutes after beverage consumption, participants will complete 90 minutes of cycling at 65% of VO2peak, followed by a 2-minute rest and a cycling time-to-task-failure test at 85% of maximal work rate. |
A carbohydrate beverage providing 1 g glucose/kg body mass, enriched with 1 mg/kg body mass [U-13C6]-D-glucose for assessment of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, with calorie-free flavouring. The beverage will be consumed within 5 minutes, 30 minutes before exercise. |
|
실험적: Protein (PRO)
Participants will consume a protein-based beverage following an overnight fast. Thirty minutes after beverage consumption, participants will complete 90 minutes of cycling at 65% of VO2peak, followed by a 2-minute rest and a cycling time-to-task-failure test at 85% of maximal work rate. |
A protein-based beverage providing 0.45 g protein/kg body mass and supplemented with 0.24 g fat/kg body mass to match the energy content of the carbohydrate condition. The beverage is enriched with L-[1-13C]leucine and flavour-matched to the carbohydrate beverage. It will be consumed within 5 minutes, 30 minutes before exercise. |
|
위약 비교기: Fasted (FAST)
Participants will remain fasted and consume a non-caloric, flavour-matched beverage. Thirty minutes after beverage consumption, participants will complete 90 minutes of cycling at 65% of VO2peak, followed by a 2-minute rest and a cycling time-to-task-failure test at 85% of maximal work rate. |
A non-caloric beverage consisting of water and sugar-free flavouring, flavour-matched to the carbohydrate beverage. The beverage will be consumed within 5 minutes following an overnight fast, 30 minutes before exercise. |
연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Whole-body carbohydrate oxidation
기간: During the 90-minute exercise bout
|
Whole-body carbohydrate oxidation will be calculated from oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) measured by indirect calorimetry during 90 minutes of moderate-intensity cycling. Carbohydrate oxidation will be compared between the carbohydrate, protein, and fasted conditions and between females and males. |
During the 90-minute exercise bout
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Whole-body fat oxidation
기간: During the 90-min exercise bout
|
Whole-body fat oxidation will be calculated from VO2 and VCO2 measured by indirect calorimetry during 90 minutes of moderate-intensity cycling. Fat oxidation will be compared between the carbohydrate, protein, and fasted conditions and between females and males. |
During the 90-min exercise bout
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Exogenous glucose oxidation
기간: During the 90-min exercise bout
|
Exogenous glucose oxidation will be determined during the carbohydrate condition using breath 13CO2 enrichment following ingestion of [U-13C6]-D-glucose. Breath samples will be analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and exogenous glucose oxidation will be calculated using 13CO2 enrichment and carbon dioxide production. |
During the 90-min exercise bout
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Exogenous leucine oxidation
기간: During the 90-min exercise bout
|
Exogenous leucine oxidation will be determined during the protein condition using breath ¹³CO₂ enrichment following ingestion of L-[1-¹³C]leucine. Breath samples will be analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and exogenous leucine oxidation will be calculated using breath ¹³CO₂ enrichment and carbon dioxide production. |
During the 90-min exercise bout
|
2차 결과 측정
2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
Time to task failure
기간: Immediately following the 90-min exercise bout
|
Exercise performance will be assessed as time to volitional exhaustion during a cycling time-to-task-failure test performed at 85% of maximal work rate following the 90-minute moderate-intensity cycling bout. |
Immediately following the 90-min exercise bout
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
수사관
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Jenna Gillen, PhD, University of Toronto
연구 기록 날짜
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (추정된)
연구 시작
기본 완료 (추정된)
기본 완료
연구 완료 (추정된)
연구 완료
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
처음 게시됨 (실제)
처음 게시됨
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
마지막 업데이트 게시됨
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
마지막으로 확인됨
마지막으로 확인됨
추가 정보
이 연구와 관련된 용어
기타 연구 ID 번호
기타 연구 ID 번호
- HSREB50670
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?
약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서
미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구
미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구
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