Copperhead Envenomation Observational Study

Inclusion Criteria:

• Envenomation by a copperhead snake
• Presentation for care at a health care facility within 24 hrs of envenomation
• Envenomation on an extremity distal to the knee or elbow
• Clinical evidence of venom effect (limb swelling and/or tenderness)
• Enrollment can be completed within 48 hrs of envenomation prior to discharge
• Patient is willing and able to complete follow-up schedule of assessments
• Patient is able to read, comprehend and sign IRB approved informed consent
• Patient is able to read and comprehend written assessment tools
• Patient is at least 18 yrs old
• Patient is sober, competent and able to complete verbal and written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient is pregnant or breastfeeding
• Patient is a prisoner
• Patient has distracting injury, condition with acute pain or functional impairment, and/or is unable to make a reliable self-report of status
• Patient has had previous snake envenomation to any body area within 30 days prior to screening/enrollment, regardless of whether antivenom was administered
• Patient had an acute traumatic or medical event, surgery, or exacerbation of pre-existing medical or surgical condition effecting the envenomated extremity within 30 days prior to screening/enrollment
• Patient has participated in a clinical study involving and investigational pharmaceutical product or device within 3 months prior to screening that may have impact on clinical outcomes of snakebite
• Patient has previously participated in this study
• Patient is, in the investigator's opinion, otherwise unsuitable for participation. Note: Treatment with antivenom prior to eligibility evaluation is not an exclusion criterion