수면 장애 감소를 위한 자가포식 강화제 (SpSleep)

실험적: 건강 보조 식품

건강 보조 식품: 스페르미딘 보충

하루 3회에 걸쳐 6 mg의 스페르미딘을 보충

간섭 없음: 건강한 노인 대조군

기준 비교, 건강한 대조군은 중재에 포함되지 않습니다

위약 비교기: 식이 플라시보

건강 보조 식품: 식이 플라시보

하루 3회 복용으로 6 mg 위약 보충 (위약은 말토덱스트린, 쌀 추출물 미세결정 셀룰로스 혼합물, 구연산(무수), 이산화 규소(침전, E551)로 구성됨)

스페르미딘 보충이 뇌파(EEG) 평균 파워 스펙트럼으로 측정된 수면의 질에 미치는 영향

개별 평균 파워 스펙트럼이 계산됩니다. 이어서, 다음과 같은 EEG 대역에서 평균 파워가 계산됩니다: 느린 진동 (0.5-1 Hz), 낮은 델타 (1-1.5 Hz), 델타 (1-4 Hz), 세타 (4-8 Hz), 베타 (15-25 Hz).

스페르미딘 효과에 대해서는, 기준선과 추적 관찰 EEG 데이터를 서로 비교합니다.

수면 스핀들 수 측정(뇌파 검사)을 통해 평가된 스페르미딘 보충제가 수면 질에 미치는 영향

개별 평균 파워 스펙트럼이 계산됩니다. 이어서, 다음의 EEG 대역에서 평균 파워가 계산됩니다: 느린 전두부 스핀들 (8-12 Hz), 빠른 두정부 스핀들 (12-15 Hz), 그리고 느린 전두부와 빠른 두정부 이산 스핀들의 개수가 세집니다. 스핀들 검출은 이전 연구에서 채택된 알고리즘을 기반으로 수행됩니다.

스페르미딘 효과를 위해, 기준선과 추적 관찰 EEG 데이터가 서로 비교됩니다.

뇌파로 측정된 수면 방추파 파워로 평가한 스페르미딘 보충제의 수면 질에 대한 효과

개별 평균 파워 스펙트럼이 계산됩니다. 이후, 다음 EEG 대역에서 평균 파워가 계산됩니다: 느린 전두엽 스핀들(8-12 Hz), 빠른 두정엽 스핀들(12-15 Hz). 스핀들 파워는 스핀들 활동의 추가 측정치로 분석됩니다. 스핀들 탐지는 이전 연구에서 채택된 알고리즘을 기반으로 수행됩니다.

스페르미딘 효과의 경우, 기준선과 추적 관찰 EEG 데이터가 서로 비교됩니다.

Effects of spermidine supplementation on sleep-related alertness as measured by computer-based task

The alertness task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. It comprises two runs without and two runs with a prior warning tone.

For the spermidine effect, baseline and follow-up task performances of SCD and MCI participants are compared with each other. Task performance is measured by speed (in ms) and hit/false or miss.

Effects of spermidine supplementation on sleep-related visual-spatial memory as measured by computer-based task

The visual-spatial memory task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. After an encoding phase consisting of 60 objects (e.g., photo of a band-aid) placed in front of a background (e.g., photo of a treatment room in a doctor's office), a retrieval phase follows directly after encoding in the evening before bedtime, in which 30 randomly selected images from the total of 60 are tested. Participants should memorize the position of the object placed in front of the background and select the correct position by pressing a button.

In the next morning, the remaining 30 images are tested in a recall phase.

Task performance is measured by speed (in ms) and hit/false or miss.

For the spermidine effect, baseline and follow-up task performances of SCD and MCI participants are compared with each other.

Effects of spermidine supplementation on sleep-related verbal memory as measured by computer-based task

The verbal memory task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. After an encoding phase consisting of 44 word pairs, a retrieval phase follows directly after encoding in the evening before bedtime, in which all word pairs are tested in randomized order. The next morning, all word pairs are tested in a recall phase.

Task performance is measured by hit/false or miss.

For the spermidine effect, baseline and follow-up task performances of SCD and MCI participants are compared with each other.

Differences in autophagy-related blood markers pre and post spermidine intervention in SCD and MCI as measured by polyamine concentration

concentration in nmol / mg Protein assessed via Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

Differences in sleep quality between SCD or MCI and healthy controls (HC) as measured by electroencephalography (EEG) mean power spectra

Individual mean power spectra are calculated. Subsequently, the mean power is calculated in the following EEG bands: slow oscillations (0.5-1 Hz), low delta (1-1.5 Hz), delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), and beta (15-25 Hz).

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline EEG data.

Differences in sleep quality between SCD or MCI and healthy controls (HC) as measured by sleep spindle count assessed from EEG

Individual mean power spectra are calculated. Subsequently, the mean power is calculated in the following EEG bands: slow frontal spindle (8-12 Hz), fast parietal spindle (12-15 Hz), and the number of slow frontal and fast parietal discrete spindles are counted. Spindle detection is performed based on an algorithm adopted from previous studies.

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline EEG data.

Differences in sleep quality between SCD or MCI and healthy controls (HC) as measured by sleep spindle power assessed from EEG

Individual mean power spectra are calculated. Subsequently, the mean power is calculated in the following EEG bands: slow frontal spindle (8-12 Hz), fast parietal spindle (12-15 Hz). Spindle power is analyzed as a further measure of spindle activity. Spindle detection is performed based on an algorithm adopted from previous studies.

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline EEG data.

Differences in autophagy-related blood markers pre and post spermidine intervention in SCD or MCI as measured by eIF5A hypusination

assessed via Hypusinated eIF5A levels (Western Blot) from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

Differences in neuropeptide Y blood levels pre and post spermidine intervention in SCD or MCI

Neuropeptide Y blood levels in pg/ml analyzed from serum blood sample

Differences in sleep-related alertness between SCD or MCI participants and healthy controls as measured by computer-based task

The alertness task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. It comprises two runs without and two runs with a prior warning tone.

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline task data. Task performance is measured by speed (in ms) and hit/false or miss.

Differences in sleep-related visual-spatial memory between SCD or MCI participants and healthy controls as measured by computer-based task

The visual-spatial memory task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. After an encoding phase consisting of 60 objects (e.g., photo of a band-aid) placed in front of a background (e.g., photo of a treatment room in a doctor's office), a retrieval phase follows directly after encoding in the evening before bedtime, in which 30 randomly selected images from the total of 60 are tested. Participants should memorize the position of the object placed in front of the background and select the correct position by pressing a button.

In the next morning, the remaining 30 images are tested in a recall phase.

Task performance is measured by speed (in ms) and hit/false or miss.

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline task data.

Differences in sleep-related verbal memory between SCD or MCI participants and healthy controls as measured by computer-based task

The verbal memory task is trained at adaptation night and assessed at baseline and follow-up before and after sleep. After an encoding phase consisting of 44 word pairs, a retrieval phase follows directly after encoding in the evening before bedtime, in which all word pairs are tested in randomized order. The next morning, all word pairs are tested in a recall phase.

Task performance is measured by hit/false or miss.

The differences between SCD / MCI and healthy controls are assessed from baseline task data.

Differences in neuropeptide Y blood levels between SCD or MCI and healthy controls

blood levels in pg/ml analyzed from serum blood sample

Differences in autophagy-related blood markers between SCD or MCI and healthy controls as measured by polyamine concentration

concentration in nmol / mg Protein assessed via Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

Differences in autophagy-related blood markers between SCD or MCI and healthy controls as measured by eIF5A hypusination

assessed via Hypusinated eIF5A levels (Western Blot) from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

Differences in numerical skills between SCD or MCI patients and healthy controls as measured by lexical decision task

Participants complete a computer-based lexical decision task, in which a row of six symbols is presented after a fixation cross. Depending on the condition, the test subjects must decide by pressing a key on the keyboard whether the row presented contains a letter (e.g., condition 1) or a digit (e.g., condition 2). Each condition consists of two blocks. After the first block, there is a short pause before the second block starts. The condition (digit or letter) with which the trial starts is randomized for each test subject.

Differences in numerical skills between SCD or MCI participants and healthy controls as measured by Berlin Numeracy Test

The Berlin Numeracy Test contains 4 short, text-based questions testing statistical numeracy and risk literacy, requiring Bayesian inference for problems like understanding probabilities in health concerns (e.g., poisonous mushrooms) or lotteries, often presenting data in relative/absolute numbers and asking for probability estimates. Correct answers scored for a total of 0-4 points.