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On vs Off-hour PPCI in STEMI Patients (On vs Off PPCI)

2 oktober 2026 bijgewerkt door: Muhammad Hatem Hassan Mohammed Maghraby, Assiut University

On- Versus Off-Hour Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and timely reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold-standard treatment1. Current guidelines recommend a door-to-balloon (DTB) time of 90 minutes or less, as the benefits of PPCI increase in direct correlation with the brevity of reperfusion time.

However, there is consistent epidemiological evidence that STEMI patients presenting during off-hours (nights, weekends, and holidays) experience delays in reperfusion and worse in-hospital outcomes compared to those presenting during regular business hours. Two competing hypotheses dominate the literature. The systems hypothesis suggests that delays in care delivery during nights and weekends-including longer catheterization laboratory activation time, reduced availability of experienced operators, and logistical constraints-are the primary drivers of worse outcomes. In support of this, some studies have found that the mortality difference between off-hours and on-hours presentations is attenuated after adjusting for DTB time (Chung et al., 2020), suggesting that system-level process measures may be actionable targets for quality improvement.

Alternatively, the intrinsic severity hypothesis suggests that nocturnal STEMI presentations represent inherently more severe infarcts-characterized by higher thrombus burden, larger myocardial infarction size, and more frequent complications such as cardiogenic shock-independent of how rapidly reperfusion is achieved. Recent studies examining circadian variation in infarct size and myocardial injury biomarkers have found evidence of larger infarcts and worse systolic function in nocturnal-onset STEMI, with long-term mortality implications.

Critically, the vast majority of evidence in this field derives from retrospective registry data, particularly from North American and Western European cohorts. Data from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, where demographic and healthcare system profiles differ substantially from developed nations, are essentially absent from the literature. Furthermore, contemporary data on the prospective relationships between time-of-PPCI, operator experience, procedural quality parameters (such as myocardial blush grade and ST-segment resolution), and outcomes remain limited.

A prospective study with granular intra-procedural data collection offers the opportunity to: (1) quantify the magnitude of the off-hours effect in a Middle Eastern context; (2) decompose the DTB time into its components to identify specific system bottlenecks; (3) assess whether operator seniority and team composition confound or mediate the off-hours effect6; and (4) evaluate whether procedural quality metrics (reperfusion grade, thrombus burden, microvascular perfusion) differ between daytime and nighttime PPCI and contribute to outcome disparities independent of system factors.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and timely reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold-standard treatment1. Current guidelines recommend a door-to-balloon (DTB) time of 90 minutes or less, as the benefits of PPCI increase in direct correlation with the brevity of reperfusion time.

However, there is consistent epidemiological evidence that STEMI patients presenting during off-hours (nights, weekends, and holidays) experience delays in reperfusion and worse in-hospital outcomes compared to those presenting during regular business hours. Two competing hypotheses dominate the literature. The systems hypothesis suggests that delays in care delivery during nights and weekends-including longer catheterization laboratory activation time, reduced availability of experienced operators, and logistical constraints-are the primary drivers of worse outcomes. In support of this, some studies have found that the mortality difference between off-hours and on-hours presentations is attenuated after adjusting for DTB time (Chung et al., 2020), suggesting that system-level process measures may be actionable targets for quality improvement.

Alternatively, the intrinsic severity hypothesis suggests that nocturnal STEMI presentations represent inherently more severe infarcts-characterized by higher thrombus burden, larger myocardial infarction size, and more frequent complications such as cardiogenic shock-independent of how rapidly reperfusion is achieved. Recent studies examining circadian variation in infarct size and myocardial injury biomarkers have found evidence of larger infarcts and worse systolic function in nocturnal-onset STEMI, with long-term mortality implications.

Critically, the vast majority of evidence in this field derives from retrospective registry data, particularly from North American and Western European cohorts. Data from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, where demographic and healthcare system profiles differ substantially from developed nations, are essentially absent from the literature. Furthermore, contemporary data on the prospective relationships between time-of-PPCI, operator experience, procedural quality parameters (such as myocardial blush grade and ST-segment resolution), and outcomes remain limited.

A prospective study with granular intra-procedural data collection offers the opportunity to: (1) quantify the magnitude of the off-hours effect in a Middle Eastern context; (2) decompose the DTB time into its components to identify specific system bottlenecks; (3) assess whether operator seniority and team composition confound or mediate the off-hours effect6; and (4) evaluate whether procedural quality metrics (reperfusion grade, thrombus burden, microvascular perfusion) differ between daytime and nighttime PPCI and contribute to outcome disparities independent of system factors.

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

450

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Locaties

    • Asyut Governorate
      • Asyut, Asyut Governorate, Egypte, 71515
        • Assiut University Heart Hospital
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar en ouder (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

All Acute STEMI Patients undergoing PPCI in AUHH

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥18 years
  • Acute STEMI eligible for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
  • Symptom onset ≤24 hours prior to hospital presentation

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous myocardial infarction with known LV dysfunction (baseline LVEF <30%).
  • Cardiogenic shock secondary to mechanical complication (acute mitral regurgitation, ventricular septal defect, free wall rupture) rather than myocardial infarction.
  • Indication for emergent coronary artery bypass grafting at presentation (e.g., left main occlusion unsuitable for PCI).
  • Intra-aortic balloon pump or mechanical circulatory support initiated prior to diagnostic angiography (devices initiated post-PPCI are not exclusions)
  • Expected survival <30 days from non-cardiac causes.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Observatiemodellen: COHORT
  • Tijdsperspectieven: PROSPECTIVE

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
On-hour Group

Patients presenting from 8:00 AM to 8:00PM

Off-Hour Group

Patients presenting from 8:00 PM to 8:00 AM, additional analysis with further stratification of holidays and weenends added to the off-hour group.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
In-hospital 4-point MACE
Tijdsspanne: Periprocedural

In-hospital 4-point MACE: Composite binary outcome (yes/no) incorporating any of: all-cause mortality, reinfarction, ischemic stroke, Emergent Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR). For analysis, the composite will be analyzed as a binary variable

Periprocedural

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Individual MACE Components
Tijdsspanne: Periprocedural

Binary Outcome

Periprocedural
Door-to-Balloon Time Components
Tijdsspanne: Periprocedural

Measured in Minutes

Periprocedural
TIMI Flow
Tijdsspanne: Periprocedural

Measured in grades (0-3)

Periprocedural
LVEF at discharge
Tijdsspanne: Periprocedural

In Percentage

Periprocedural

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Onderzoekers

  • Studie stoel: Hamdy Shams Eddin Mohammad Taher, MD, Assiut University
  • Studie stoel: Magdy Ibrahim Aldesowky Mohamed Algowhary, MD, Assiut University

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

15 oktober 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

30 juni 2027

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

31 december 2027

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

11 september 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

2 oktober 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

6 oktober 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

6 oktober 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

2 oktober 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 oktober 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • On Vs Off PPCI

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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