Wastewater Surveillance for Carbapenem-Resistant Organism Outbreak Prediction in a Chinese Tertiary Hospital (WW-CRO-PREDICT)
Longitudinal Wastewater Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Across Functional Hospital Areas and Its Association With Clinical Carbapenem-Resistant Organism Infections: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) pose a critical threat to global public health, and hospitals serve as major epicenters for their emergence and spread. Traditional clinical infection surveillance often detects CRO outbreaks only after infections have already occurred, missing the window for early intervention. Wastewater-based epidemiology has demonstrated its early warning potential during the COVID-19 pandemic and is increasingly recognized as a promising tool for antimicrobial resistance surveillance.
Our preliminary 22-day pilot study at Peking Union Medical College Hospital revealed two distinct antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) dynamics patterns across different hospital areas: the Internal Medicine Ward exhibited a "chronic resistance background" with persistently high abundance of carbapenemase genes (IMP/GES types >5,000 ppm), while the Emergency/Fever Clinic showed "acute pulse outbreaks" characterized by transient 50- to 200-fold surges of mcr-3 and QnrVC genes. These findings suggest that hospital functional areas have fundamentally different ARG profiles with unique temporal signatures.
This prospective observational cohort study aims to establish a wastewater-based early warning system for hospital-acquired CRO outbreaks by conducting longitudinal monitoring across four key functional areas: Outpatient Building, Internal Medicine Ward, Surgical Ward, and Emergency/Fever Clinic at Peking Union Medical College Hospital over a 6- to 9-month period. Twenty-four-hour flow-proportional composite wastewater samples will be collected daily using automatic samplers. Laboratory analyses include ARG large-panel testing (300+ subtypes, daily), metagenomic sequencing (weekly, plus pulse-triggered intensified sampling), and viable bacterial culture with whole-genome sequencing of key isolates.
Concurrently, we will collect de-identified clinical CRO isolates and antibiotic consumption data (Defined Daily Doses) from the corresponding hospital buildings. Multidimensional association analyses will be performed using cross-correlation function analysis, Granger causality tests, and cgMLST-based genomic comparisons to determine the lead time of wastewater ARG signals ahead of clinical CRO diagnoses and to provide direct evidence of clonal homology between wastewater and clinical isolates. An early warning model will be constructed using dynamic thresholds (moving average + 2SD/3SD) and machine learning algorithms.
This study integrates environmental, clinical, and pharmaceutical data following the One Health framework. By establishing a replicable building-level wastewater resistome surveillance protocol, this research is expected to provide hospitals with a proactive tool for early CRO outbreak detection, enabling timely infection prevention and control measures. All clinical data will be de-identified, and the study has been designed to pose no greater than minimal risk to patients, with a waiver of informed consent sought in accordance with relevant ethical regulations.
Studieoversikt
Status
Status
Forhold
Forhold
Studietype
Studietype
Registrering (Antatt)
Registrering
Kontakter og plasseringer
Studiekontakt
Studiekontakt
- Navn: yuda fei, Dr
- Telefonnummer: +86 18501360830
- E-post: fei_yuda@!63.com
Studiesteder
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Beijing Municipality
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Beijing, Beijing Municipality, Kina, 100730
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital
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Ta kontakt med:
- yuda fei, Dr
- Telefonnummer: +86 18501360830
- E-post: fei_yuda@163.com
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Deltakelseskriterier
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Alder som er kvalifisert for studier
- Barn
- Voksen
- Eldre voksen
Tar imot friske frivillige
Prøvetakingsmetode
Studiepopulasjon
Environmental samples: 24-hour composite wastewater samples from 4 designated sewer manholes (Outpatient Building, Internal Medicine Ward, Surgical Ward, Emergency/Fever Clinic) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
Clinical data: De-identified CRO-positive culture results from patients treated in the above 4 hospital buildings during the study period.
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Wastewater samples collected from the four designated sampling sites (Outpatient Building, Internal Medicine Ward, Surgical Ward, and Emergency/Fever Clinic).
- 24-hour composite samples collected using automatic samplers following the flow-proportional mixing protocol.
- Clinical data: Patients with laboratory-confirmed CRO infection (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, etc.) from the above 4 hospital buildings during the study period.
Clinical data de-identified at the time of extraction.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Wastewater samples from sites other than the four designated locations.
- Samples contaminated or degraded during collection, transport, or storage.
- Clinical data: CRO-positive results indicating colonization rather than infection.
- Clinical data with incomplete key information (species, specimen source, date of detection, or department/location).
Studieplan
Hvordan er studiet utformet?
Designdetaljer
Antall grupper / kohorter
Kohorter og intervensjoner
Gruppe / KohortGruppe / Kohort |
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Outpatient Building
Community reference, non-hospitalized medical area
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Internal Medicine Ward
Chronic high-resistance background area
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Surgical Ward
Surgical prophylactic antibiotic use area
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Emergency
Acute pulse outbreak sentinel area
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Hva måler studien?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
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Wastewater Antimicrobial Resistance Gene (ARG) Abundance
Tidsramme: Daily for 6-9 months
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Abundance of 300+ ARG subtypes (including carbapenemase genes blaIMP, blaGES, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA; colistin resistance gene mcr-3; quinolone resistance gene QnrVC) measured in copies per million 16S rRNA reads (ppm) from 24-hour composite wastewater samples collected at 4 hospital sites
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Daily for 6-9 months
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Whole-Genome Sequences of Clinical CRO Isolates
Tidsramme: Clinical CRO isolates (50-80 selected strains) from each building during the study period
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Clinical CRO isolates (50-80 selected strains) from each building during the study period are subjected to whole-genome sequencing (≥50× coverage).
cgMLST typing, ARG annotation (AMRFinderPlus), and phylogenetic analysis are performed for clonal homology comparison with wastewater isolates.
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Clinical CRO isolates (50-80 selected strains) from each building during the study period
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Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Etterforskere
Etterforskere
- Hovedetterforsker: bin du, Dr, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker
Generelle publikasjoner
- Liu X, Wong MKL, Zhang D, Chan DCL, Chan OSK, Chan GPL, Shum MH, Peng Y, Lai CKC, Cowling BJ, Zhang T, Fukuda K, Lam TT, Tun HM. Longitudinal monitoring reveals the emergence and spread of blaGES-5-harboring carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella quasipneumoniae in a Hong Kong hospital wastewater discharge line. Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166255. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166255. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
- Hendriksen RS, Munk P, Njage P, van Bunnik B, McNally L, Lukjancenko O, Roder T, Nieuwenhuijse D, Pedersen SK, Kjeldgaard J, Kaas RS, Clausen PTLC, Vogt JK, Leekitcharoenphon P, van de Schans MGM, Zuidema T, de Roda Husman AM, Rasmussen S, Petersen B; Global Sewage Surveillance project consortium; Amid C, Cochrane G, Sicheritz-Ponten T, Schmitt H, Alvarez JRM, Aidara-Kane A, Pamp SJ, Lund O, Hald T, Woolhouse M, Koopmans MP, Vigre H, Petersen TN, Aarestrup FM. Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage. Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 8;10(1):1124. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08853-3.
Studierekorddatoer
Studer hoveddatoer
Studiestart (Antatt)
Studiestart
Primær fullføring (Antatt)
Primær fullføring
Studiet fullført (Antatt)
Studiet fullført
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først innsendt
Først innsendt
Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Først lagt ut (Faktiske)
Først lagt ut
Oppdateringer av studieposter
Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)
Sist oppdatering lagt ut
Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Sist bekreftet
Sist bekreftet
Mer informasjon
Begreper knyttet til denne studien
Andre studie-ID-numre
Andre studie-ID-numre
- PUMCH-WW-ARG-2026
- 01050010 (Annet stipend/finansieringsnummer: Peking Union Medical Foundation)
Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)
Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?
IPD-planbeskrivelse
IPD-delingstidsramme
IPD-deling Støtteinformasjonstype
- STUDY_PROTOCOL
- SEVJE
- CSR
Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt
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