New Genes in the Carcinogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

colo rectal cancer represents a global and local problem, as it is one of the commonest types of cancer all over the world. Globally, Colo rectal cancer in women (9.2% of diagnoses) it is the second most common cause of cancer . it is the third most common in men (10.0%). After lung, stomach, and liver cancer it is the fourth most common cause of cancer death.

Cancer is a multistep procedure resulting from an ongoing accretion of genetic and epigenetic fluctuations to the genome.

Spartin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPG20 gene. This protein may be involved in endosomal trafficking, microtubule dynamics, or both functions. Aberrant promoter methylation of genes is a common epigenetic alteration in colo rectal cancer .

This has stimulated the prospect to implement a dependable, reasonable and simple approach for Colo rectal detection . The SPG20 gene is situated in chromosome band 13q13.3; the SPG20 gene converts the spartin protein, which is a multi functional protein that has formerly been recognized to be complicated in intra cellular epidermal growth factor receptor trading , The serine-threonine kinase 31 (STK31) gene was initially identified through cDNA subtraction as a testis-specific protein kinase gene expressed in mouse spermatogonia . Recently, STK31 has been described as a novel cancer testis (CT) antigen, highly expressed in Gastrointestinal cancer cells (colo rectal, gastric and esophageal cancer), while restricted to testis and fetal brain in normal tissues .

It was found that SPG20 is mutated in Troy er syndrome, an hereditary spastic paraplegia