Ta strona została przetłumaczona automatycznie i dokładność tłumaczenia nie jest gwarantowana. Proszę odnieść się do angielska wersja za tekst źródłowy.

Mindfulness and Biofeedback for Anxiety Disorders

1 czerwca 2026 zaktualizowane przez: I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Development of Mindfulness Through Adaptive Biofeedback Methods in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial compared the effectiveness of a 10-day mindfulness training program using adaptive biofeedback (BFB) versus medication therapy (escitalopram 10 mg/day) versus combined treatment (BFB + medication) in inpatients with anxiety disorders (ICD-10 F40/F41). The primary outcomes were changes in anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HARS) and mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ) from baseline to post-treatment and at one-month follow-up.

Przegląd badań

Szczegółowy opis

This was an open-label, randomized, parallel-group study conducted at the Department of Psychotherapy of [Blinded for Review] between July 2022 and February 2025. Adult inpatients (age 19-74 years) with a first-time diagnosis of anxiety disorder according to ICD-10 codes F40 and F41 were eligible. Exclusion criteria included photosensitive epilepsy, severe cognitive impairment, exacerbation of mental illness, lack of motivation, and inability to provide informed consent.

Participants were randomly assigned (simple unrestricted randomization) to one of three groups:

BFB group (n=76): 10 daily 60-minute individual sessions of mindfulness training using the "Reacor" adaptive biofeedback system, which records physiological parameters (heart rate, EEG alpha rhythm) and converts them into real-time auditory and visual signals.

Medication therapy (MT) group (n=46): escitalopram 10 mg once daily from day 1, continued through follow-up.

Combined therapy (CT) group (n=58): both BFB training and escitalopram 10 mg/day as above.

All patients received standard inpatient medical care. No concomitant psychotherapy, physiotherapy, or additional psychotropic medications were allowed.

Assessments were conducted at three time points: baseline (T0), immediately after the 10-day treatment (T1), and one month after treatment completion (T2). The primary outcomes were the change from baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) total score (assessed by an independent blinded psychiatrist) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) total score (self-reported). Secondary outcomes included HARS subscales (somatic and psychic anxiety), FFMQ subscales (observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, non-reactivity), heart rate, and EEG alpha-rhythm power.

Adherence was monitored through daily rounds and pill counts. A per-protocol analysis was conducted on 180 completers; an intention-to-treat analysis (worst-case imputation) was performed on all 188 randomized patients. Repeated-measures MANOVA and ANOVA with Scheffé post-hoc tests were used. A priori sample size calculation (GPower 3.1.9.7) based on a medium effect size (f=0.30), α=0.05, power=0.80, and correlation among repeated measures r=0.5 indicated a required total sample size of 138. Allowing for 15% dropout, we aimed to recruit at least 159 patients; the final per-protocol sample of 180 exceeded this requirement.

Typ studiów

Interwencyjne

Zapisy (Rzeczywisty)

188

Faza

  • Faza 4

Kontakty i lokalizacje

Ta sekcja zawiera dane kontaktowe osób prowadzących badanie oraz informacje o tym, gdzie badanie jest przeprowadzane.

Lokalizacje studiów

      • Moscow, Rosja, 119991
        • Department of Psychotherapy of the A.Ya. Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous Diseases at the Sechenov University Clinical Center

Kryteria uczestnictwa

Badacze szukają osób, które pasują do określonego opisu, zwanego kryteriami kwalifikacyjnymi. Niektóre przykłady tych kryteriów to ogólny stan zdrowia danej osoby lub wcześniejsze leczenie.

Kryteria kwalifikacji

Wiek uprawniający do nauki

  • Dorosły
  • Starszy dorosły

Akceptuje zdrowych ochotników

Nie

Opis

Inclusion Criteria:

First time diagnosis of anxiety disorder (ICD 10 codes F40 or F41), Inpatient at the time of enrollment, Mild to moderate functional impairment according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), Age 19-74 years, Willing and able to provide written informed consent

Non-inclusion criteria:

Photosensitive epilepsy, Severe intellectual, attentional, or memory impairment, Exacerbation of mental illness, Lack of motivation, Unwillingness or inability to provide written consent

Exclusion Criteria:

exacerbation of a severe mental and/or somatic disease, withdrawal of consent, inability to attend one or more individual sessions, refusal to do homework, inability to complete all three assessments

Plan studiów

Ta sekcja zawiera szczegółowe informacje na temat planu badania, w tym sposób zaprojektowania badania i jego pomiary.

Jak projektuje się badanie?

Szczegóły projektu

  • Główny cel: Leczenie
  • Przydział: Randomizowane
  • Model interwencyjny: Przydział równoległy
  • Maskowanie: Pojedynczy

Broń i interwencje

Grupa uczestników / Arm
Interwencja / Leczenie
Eksperymentalny: Mindfulness Training with Adaptive Biofeedback (BFB)
Participants received 10 daily 60 minute individual sessions of mindfulness training using the "Reacor" adaptive biofeedback system (records heart rate and EEG alpha rhythm, provides real time auditory and visual feedback). Training was conducted by a certified medical psychologist over 10 working days.
The Reacor system records physiological parameters (heart rate, EEG alpha rhythm) and converts them into real-time auditory and visual signals. Patients undergo 10 daily 60-minute sessions of adaptive biofeedback training aimed at increasing alpha-rhythm power and heart rate variability, thereby developing self-regulation and mindfulness skills. Each session includes 20 minutes of active training with feedback.
Aktywny komparator: Medication Therapy (Escitalopram)
Participants received escitalopram 10 mg once daily in the morning from day 1, continued during inpatient stay and through the one month follow up. No dose titration was performed. Therapy followed clinical recommendations (level A).
Escitalopram 10 mg orally once daily in the morning, started on day 1 without dose titration. Treatment continued during inpatient stay and through one-month follow-up. Adherence monitored by pill count and daily clinical rounds. Therapy follows clinical recommendations approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (level A, certainty 1).
Eksperymentalny: Combined Therapy (BFB + Escitalopram)
Participants received both the adaptive biofeedback based mindfulness training (as in BFB group) and escitalopram 10 mg/day (as in MT group) concurrently, following the same schedules.
Participants underwent 10 daily 60 minute biofeedback sessions identical to the BFB group, plus daily oral escitalopram 10 mg. The schedule, procedures, and adherence monitoring were the same as in the respective monotherapy arms.

Co mierzy badanie?

Podstawowe miary wyniku

Miara wyniku
Opis środka
Ramy czasowe
Change in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) total score
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
HARS is a 14 item clinician rated scale assessing anxiety severity. Each item scored 0 - 4 (total range 0 - 56). Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety. The scale consists of two subscales: psychic anxiety and somatic anxiety. Assessment performed by an independent psychiatrist blinded to group allocation.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Change in Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) total score
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
FFMQ is a 39 item self report questionnaire measuring five facets of mindfulness: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non judging of inner experience, and non reactivity. Each item scored 1 - 5 (total range 39 - 195). Higher scores indicate higher levels of mindfulness. Patients completed the questionnaire at each assessment.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.

Miary wyników drugorzędnych

Miara wyniku
Opis środka
Ramy czasowe
HARS subscale scores: psychic anxiety and somatic anxiety
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Psychic anxiety subscale (items 1 - 7) and somatic anxiety subscale (items 8 - 14) of the HARS. Each subscale total range 0 - 28. Assessed by blinded psychiatrist.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
FFMQ subscale scores
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Five subscales of the FFMQ: Observing (8 items), Describing (8 items), Acting with awareness (8 items), Non judging (8 items), Non reactivity (7 items). Each subscale score range depends on number of items (1 - 5 per item). Self administered.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Heart rate (HR)
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Heart rate measured using the "Reacor" system as part of functional diagnostics.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
EEG alpha rhythm power (alpha index)
Ramy czasowe: Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.
Alpha rhythm power (8 - 13 Hz) measured in occipital leads (O1, O2) using EEG "Reacor" (Medicom-MTD). Expressed as percentage of total EEG power. Recorded during resting state with eyes closed.
Baseline, immediately after 10 day treatment, and at one month follow up.

Współpracownicy i badacze

Tutaj znajdziesz osoby i organizacje zaangażowane w to badanie.

Śledczy

  • Główny śledczy: Anastasia Kotelnikova, Dr. Sc. (Psychology), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Publikacje i pomocne linki

Osoba odpowiedzialna za wprowadzenie informacji o badaniu dobrowolnie udostępnia te publikacje. Mogą one dotyczyć wszystkiego, co jest związane z badaniem.

Publikacje ogólne

  • Kostenko E.V., Kotelnikova A.V., Petrova L.V., Pogonchenkova I.V., Filippov M.S. The psychophysiological technology with biofeedback in complex rehabilitation of post-stroke patients: a randomized controlled study // Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. - 2025. - Vol. 24. - N. 1. - P. 55-66. doi: 10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-1-55-66
  • Ruzinova, V.M., Kotelnikova, A.V., Kiseleva, M.G. (2026). Biofeedback as a Tool for Psychological Self-Regulation: Mechanisms, Effectiveness, and Clinical and Psychological Application. New Psychological Research, No. 1, 203-218. DOI: 10.51217/npsyresearch_2026_06_01_11
  • Kostenko E.V., Kotelnikova A.V., Pogonchenkova I.V., Petrova L.V., Khaustova A.V., Filippov M.S., Kaverina E.V. Psychophysiological Technologies Using the Biofeedback Method: an Analytical Review. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2024; 23(3):77-91. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2024-23-3-77-91 (In Russ.).]

Daty zapisu na studia

Daty te śledzą postęp w przesyłaniu rekordów badań i podsumowań wyników do ClinicalTrials.gov. Zapisy badań i zgłoszone wyniki są przeglądane przez National Library of Medicine (NLM), aby upewnić się, że spełniają określone standardy kontroli jakości, zanim zostaną opublikowane na publicznej stronie internetowej.

Główne daty studiów

Rozpoczęcie studiów (Rzeczywisty)

11 lipca 2022

Zakończenie podstawowe (Rzeczywisty)

24 lutego 2025

Ukończenie studiów (Rzeczywisty)

24 lutego 2025

Daty rejestracji na studia

Pierwszy przesłany

1 czerwca 2026

Pierwszy przesłany, który spełnia kryteria kontroli jakości

1 czerwca 2026

Pierwszy wysłany (Rzeczywisty)

4 czerwca 2026

Aktualizacje rekordów badań

Ostatnia wysłana aktualizacja (Rzeczywisty)

4 czerwca 2026

Ostatnia przesłana aktualizacja, która spełniała kryteria kontroli jakości

1 czerwca 2026

Ostatnia weryfikacja

1 maja 2026

Więcej informacji

Terminy związane z tym badaniem

Plan dla danych uczestnika indywidualnego (IPD)

Planujesz udostępniać dane poszczególnych uczestników (IPD)?

NIE

Opis planu IPD

Due to institutional policy and the terms of informed consent, individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Only anonymized data may be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Informacje o lekach i urządzeniach, dokumenty badawcze

Bada produkt leczniczy regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

Bada produkt urządzenia regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

Te informacje zostały pobrane bezpośrednio ze strony internetowej clinicaltrials.gov bez żadnych zmian. Jeśli chcesz zmienić, usunąć lub zaktualizować dane swojego badania, skontaktuj się z register@clinicaltrials.gov. Gdy tylko zmiana zostanie wprowadzona na stronie clinicaltrials.gov, zostanie ona automatycznie zaktualizowana również na naszej stronie internetowej .

Badania kliniczne na Zaburzenia lękowe

Badania kliniczne na "Reacor" adaptive biofeedback system

Subskrybuj