The Pharmacokinetics of Opioids and Sedative/Hypnotics During Selective Cerebral Perfusion

July 31, 2013 updated by: Ervant V. Nishanian, Columbia University
There is a need to understand how long anesthetic drugs last in the brain during surgery on the ascending aorta or aortic arch. Drugs can have a prolonged effect when blood temperature is made cold therefore the influence of temperature needs to be studied. This type of surgery allows us to answer questions about how anesthetic drugs behave when they are given during a routine portion of surgery. Patients will be provided with anesthetic drugs during surgery while on a heart lung machine. After the drug is injected into the heart lung machine it will be delivered to the brain to provide more sleep and pain relief. Immediately after the injection of anesthetic drugs, blood samples will be taken from an existing intravenous line in the neck and plasma drug concentrations measured. This will help us to understand how long drugs last in the brain during this type of surgery.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The purpose of this study is to understand the disposition of sufentanil, midazolam and morphine when the drugs are introduced into the arterial circulation of the brain. Patients undergoing surgery on the ascending aorta or aortic arch often require cessation of blood flow to the organs of the body, while maintaining some degree of blood flow to the brain. In order to achieve organ protection during the circulatory arrest phase of surgery, the body is cooled to a core temperature of 28°C. Various techniques including deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, retrograde cerebral perfusion through the superior vena cava, and partial or bilateral antegrade selective cerebral perfusion have been proposed as means to protect the brain from ischemic injury during surgery on the aortic arch. At our institution selective cerebral perfusion has found success for major aortic surgery. This technique was devised and first employed by DeBakey and associates, to protect the brain during aortic arch surgery with bilateral carotid perfusion [1]. Selective cerebral perfusion requires the surgical construction and placement of a Dacron graft onto the right axillary artery that when connected to a cardiopulmonary bypass machine it will provide 10 ml/kg/min antegrade flow for brain perfusion [2]. Cerebral cooling will also decrease the oxygen demand of the brain. In such a way brain ischemia may be minimized. The nature of major aortic arch surgery requires independent cerebral circulation or selective cerebral perfusion for a finite period of time. The cardiopulmonary bypass machine is allowed to perfuse the brain indirectly by serial flow through the right axillary artery to the innominate artery and finally to the right carotid artery. Any anesthetic drug that is introduced into the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit will be delivered the same way. We will take advantage of this independent circuit to safely deliver anesthetic drugs to the brain via the right carotid artery during surgery.

A prior study that enrolled 6 patients has shown that the anesthetic administration is safe and feasible. Patients had no problems related to anesthesia or surgery. All patients left the hospital in stable condition.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
6

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New York
      • New York, New York, United States, 10032
        • Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

all patients undergoing aortic arch surgery

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • The study population will comprise individuals who have elected to undergo aortic arch surgery or re-operative cardiac surgery requiring selective cerebral perfusion.
  • Patients will be treated according to the standard medical practice of Columbia University Medical Center.
  • Patients will be within 21 to 90 years of age.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients having known hypersensitivity to the anesthetic agents being studied will be excluded.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Pharmacokinetics of intra-carotid opioids and sedatives during selective cerebral perfusion
Time Frame: one week
one week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Columbia University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ervant Nishanian, PhD MD, Columbia University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 1, 2007

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 28, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 29, 2007

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 2, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 1, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 31, 2013

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
October 1, 2008

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • AAAC2983

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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