Neck Muscle Activation in Patients With Long Standing Problems After a Whiplash Trauma Registered With Ultrasound With Speckle Tracking

March 10, 2017 updated by: Anneli Peolsson, Linkoeping University
Today there is evidence for that neck specific exercises reduce neck pain problems in patients with mechanical neck pain. However, there is a lack of consensus on how to optimize neck exercises and dosages in neck rehabilitation. More knowledge is needed to determine which and how muscles are activated in exercises thought to be neck-specific. There is neither enough knowledge of differences in neck muscle activation between patients with long standing neck problems after a whiplash trauma and healthy controls nor if the neck muscle function improved with specific neck exercises. One approach would be a real time study of deformation and deformation rate in different layers of neck muscles in patients with residual long-term neck pain and disability after a whiplash trauma. The purpose of the present study was to investigate deformation and deformation rate in different layers of dorsal and ventral neck muscles (including upper and middle part of trapezius muscle) during rest and during different exercises; arm flexion until 120 degrees, repeated arm flexion until 90 degrees, low loaded neck extension, low loaded neck muscle endurance test, shoulder elevation. Forty patients with long standing (more than 6 months but less than 3 years)patients and 40 controls matched for age and gender will be included for comparisons between patients and healthy in neck muscle activation. The investigators also include 60 patients with whiplash trauma, of those 30 patients will be randomized to A. neck specific exercises in a 3 months period and B. will 30 be on a waiting list for 3 months. Measurements are performed at baseline and at 3 months follow-up. Those patients who fulfilled the 3 months period of neck specific exercises will also be asked for a 6 months follow-up.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
60

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Sweden
    • Östergötland
      • Linköping, Östergötland, Sweden, SE-58183
        • Anneli Peolsson

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 63 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • WAD II and III
  • Age 18-63 years
  • Remaining problems
  • Right handed
  • Pain on right or on both sides.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Myelopathy
  • Earlier fracture or luxation of the cervical column, earlier neck injury
  • Spinal tumour
  • Spinal infection
  • Surgery in the cervical column
  • Malignity
  • Systemic disease or other disease or another injury contraindicated to perform the treatment program or the measurements
  • Diagnosed severe psychiatric disorder
  • Unconscious in connection to the trauma
  • Known drug abuse
  • Lack of familiarity with the Swedish language

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Neck Specific exercises
3 months of neck specific exercises for 30 patients.
Other: Neck specific exercises
Neck specific exercises 2 times/week for 3 month at a physiotherapist. Home exercises.
Other Names:
  • Physiotherapy with neck specific exercises
No Intervention: Waiting list
Thirty patients on the waiting list for 3 month before they have their intervention
No Intervention: Healthy controls
Forty healthy controls. Comparisons between forty included WAD patients and 40 healthy controls matched for age and gender will be investigated at baseline.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Speckle tracking analysis of muscle function
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Measured with medical ultrasonography
Baseline and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Background data
Time Frame: Baseline
Background data of age, gender, social situation, work, work situation, sick-leave, income, pain history, debute of symptoms, about the accident, earlier treatment, other diseases or pain problems, expectations of treatment
Baseline
Symptom satisfaction
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Pain intensity on visual analogue scale (VAS)
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Symptoms in general, Neck, Arm, Headache
Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Dizziness/ unsteadiness on visual analogue scale
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Pain distribution on drawing
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Pain Disability Index
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time
Baseline and at 3 months follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time
Neck Disability Index
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11 short version)
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Euroquol
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Euroquol 5D and thermometer
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
"How confident you are to exercise when things get in the way" Exercise self-efficacy scale is a six item scale with a five point scale (1=not at all confident and 5=completely confident).
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Self-Efficacy Scale
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
"People´s beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives" Self-efficacy scale (by Altmaier) is a 20 item, 11 point scale (0=not at all confident, 10=completely confident).
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Work Ability Index
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome is going to report a change over time.
Physical Activity level
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Physical Outcome Measures
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome is going to report a change over time.
Active range of motion of the neck, Head repositioning accuracy, hand strength, neck muscle endurance, sharpened Romberg, walking in a figure of eight, neurological examination: reflexes, sensibility and motor function
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome is going to report a change over time.
SF-36
Time Frame: Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.
Baseline and at 3 month follow-up. The outcome measure is going to report a change over time.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Linkoeping University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: Anneli Peolsson, Assoc. Prof., Linkoeping University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 1, 2011

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 1, 2015

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 28, 2012

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 4, 2012

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 8, 2012

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 13, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 10, 2017

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Ultrasound on neck muscles WAD

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

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