Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Co-trimoxazole

September 15, 2014 updated by: JWC Alffenaar, University Medical Center Groningen

Pharmacokinetic Parameters of 960 mg Co-trimoxazole Once Daily in Patients With Tuberculosis

Rationale:

Treatment of multidrug or extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) is a real challenge as failure in response to treatment and serious side-effects are frequently encountered. New, more effective drugs with less side effects are therefore urgently needed to solve this problem. Although several new drugs against TB are in the pipeline, physicians currently have limited treatment options for treatment of complicated MDR/XDR-TB cases. Therefore, drugs developed and labeled for other infectious diseases are evaluated for TB. Co-trimoxazole consists of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Sulfamethoxazole could be effective in the treatment of tuberculosis as shown by Forgacs et al. and Huang et al.

Furthermore, with dried blood spot (DBS) analysis, the exposure to co-trimoxazole could be analyzed with only some blood drops withdrawn with a finger prick on paper. This paper is suitable for storage, transportation and subsequently analysis without additional cooling or storage requirements.

Objective:

The main objective of this prospective clinical trial is to evaluate pharmacokinetics of 960 mg co-trimoxazole in TB patients. This clinical trial will provide important information on PK of co-trimoxazole in TB patients for future studies.

The second objective is to calculate the T>MIC and AUC0-24h/Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio as efficacy predicting parameter. Furthermore, the analysis of dried blood spots will be clinically validated by comparing results of blood samples withdrawn from venous blood versus withdrawn by finger prick and transferred to filter paper. Retrospectively, data from this study can be used for limited sampling strategies for co-trimoxazole based on a pharmacokinetic population model constructed from the full PK curves of the patients.

Study design:

A prospective pharmacokinetic study.

Study population: 12 TB patients.

Intervention: on 4 to 6 days, 960 mg co-trimoxazole daily will be added to the normal treatment regimen.

Main study parameters/endpoints:

The pharmacokinetic parameters (Vd, Cl, AUC, etc) of co-trimoxazole are the primary endpoints of the study. The T>MIC and AUC0-24h/Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio are most likely the best predictive parameters for efficacy of co-trimoxazole treatment and will be calculated for a range of M tuberculosis isolates.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
12

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Netherlands
      • Groningen, Netherlands
        • UMCG - Tuberculosis Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years to 60 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • TB Patients with normal susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Patients older than 17 and younger than 64 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy or breast feeding
  • Patients with hypersensitivity to sulfonamide or trimethoprim
  • Concomitant treatment with vitamin K antagonists (acenocoumarol)
  • Patients with preexisting renal dysfunction or concomitant treatment of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and potassium -sparing diuretics) that may exacerbate the hyperkalemic effect of SXT.
  • Patients treated with methotrexate, phenytoin, sulfonylureas (glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride en tolbutamide) or procainamide hydrochloride.
  • Patients that have gastrointestinal complaints like diarrhea and vomiting (observed)
  • Patients that have experienced an adverse effect to SXT or similar antibiotic drugs.
  • Patients with HIV or AIDS.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: co-trimoxazole
On 4, 5 or 6 consecutive days, 960 mg co-trimoxazole (oral) will be added to the normal treatment of tuberculosis.
Drug: co-trimoxazole
On 4, 5 or 6 consecutive days, co-trimoxazole 960 mg will be added to the normal treatment regimen
Other Names:
  • Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
AUC
Time Frame: 4th, 5th or 6th day
Measuring the AUC over 24 hours of sulfamethoxazole, one out of two compounds of co-trimoxazole after obtaining steady state (960 mg co-trimoxazole).
4th, 5th or 6th day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Determination of the AUC/MIC and T>MIC
Time Frame: 4th, 5th or 6th day
Determination of the area under the curve divided by the mean inhibitory concentration and the time above MIC.
4th, 5th or 6th day
Validating DBS analysis
Time Frame: 4th, 5th or 6th day
Validating the analysis of dried blood spots for therapeutic drug monitoring by comparing the concentration measured in venous blood with the concentration measured using the dried blood spot method.
4th, 5th or 6th day

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Population pharmacokinetic model and limited sampling strategies
Time Frame: 4th, 5th or 6th day
Developing a population pharmacokinetic model to predict pharmacokinetic parameters of sulfamethoxazole. With this population pharmacokinetic model, a limited sampling strategy will be developed.
4th, 5th or 6th day

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University Medical Center Groningen

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Jan-Willem C Alffenaar, PharmD PhD, UMCG

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 1, 2013

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 11, 2013

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 15, 2013

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 16, 2013

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 16, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 15, 2014

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • SXT8469

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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