Nordic Walking Training for Older People (Pole walking)

March 24, 2017 updated by: Leonardo A. Peyré-Tartaruga, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Effects of Nordic Walking Training in Energetic, Mechanical and Neuromuscular Parameters of Elderly. A Randomized Clinical Trail

Objective: to assess by means of a randomized clinical trial the effects of eight weeks of Nordic walking and free walking training on quality of life (QoL), static balance, dynamic variability, self-selected walking speed (SWS) and locomotor rehabilitation index (LRI), parameters of pendular mechanism [external (Wext), internal (Wint) and total mechanical work (Wtot), Recovery (R), Cost of Transport (C)], Electromyographic parameters (Average signal and co-contraction of the Anterior deltoid (AD), triceps brachii (TB), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), anterior tibial (AT) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles, heart rate of exercise (HRexercise) - and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), in sedentary elderly.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Introduction: Considering the increase in the elderly population and their life expectancy, together with the expansion of Nordic walking (NW) interventions as a training method for the elderly, there is a need of preventive studies of RCTs and with methodological good quality approach to enable physical education, health and rehabilitation professionals to make decisions regarding the type, the volume and the intensity of NW exercise in promoting the health of the sedentary elderly. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate, through a randomized clinical trial, the effects of eight weeks of NW and FW training on quality of life (QoL), static balance, dynamic variability, self-selected treadmill walking speed (SSWSTreadmill), Locomotor rehabilitation (LRI) Parameters of Pendular Mechanism (external, internal and total mechanical work -Wext, Wint, Wtot, Recovery -R,Cost of Transport - C), Electromyographic parameters (Average signal and co-contraction of the AD, TB, VL, BF, AT and MG muscles), heart rate of exercise - HRexercise and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), in sedentary elderly. of sedentary elderly. Experimental Design: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (RCT). Study Site: School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance (ESEFID), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: The sample comprised 33 sedentary participants randomly divided into two groups (Nordic walking group and Free walking group who will perform training for 8 weeks.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
32

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Brazil
    • Rio Grande do Sul
      • Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 90690-200
        • Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

60 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Sedentary elderly people
  • Aged between 60 and 80

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smoking
  • Show chronic pain or presence of migraine or nausea in daily life;
  • History of labyrinthitis

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Nordic walking
Experimental: Nordic walking Training The total period of training was composed by 8-week of walking with poles, three sessions per week. The cycles were divided into eight microcycles composed by three training sessions. Each training session took 60 min. Nordic walking aerobics training were used during the training period. These exercises were performed alternating volume and intensity. Exercise intensities were controlled using the cardiac monitor, and the zone was since 70% to 105% of the heart rate at the second ventilatory threshold. And volume was controlled using the time of the session.
Other: Nordic walking training
The training period begin for both groups, will be comprised of eight weeks of duration, with frequency of three weekly sessions. Volume (session duration in minutes) and intensity (percentage of the heart rate at second threshold ) were the same for both groups, only differing in the use (NW) or not of the poles (FW). Each session will have of the Initial Part or warming-up, the Main Part and Final Part or cooling-down.
Experimental: Free Walking
Experimental: Free walking Training The total period of training was composed by a 8-week cycles of walking without poles, with three sessions per week. The cycles were divided into eight microcycles composed by three training sessions. Each training session took 60 min. Free walking aerobics training were used during the training period. These exercises were performed alternating volume and intensity. Exercise intensities were controlled using the cardiac monitor, and the zone was since 70% to 105% of the heart rate at the second ventilatory threshold. And volume was controlled using the time of the session.
Other: Free walking training
The training period begin for both groups, will be comprised of eight weeks of duration, with frequency of three weekly sessions. Volume (session duration in minutes) and intensity (percentage of the heart rate at second threshold ) were the same for both groups, only differing in the use (NW) or not of the poles (FW). Each session will have of the Initial Part or warming-up, the Main Part and Final Part or cooling-down.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Self-selected walking speed - SSWS
Time Frame: Change from baseline SSWS at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through sub-maximal test of walking treadmill, using the portable gas analyser Equipment.
Change from baseline SSWS at 8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Quality of life (QoL)
Time Frame: Change from baseline QoL at 8 weeks
The quality of life will be estimated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Project for elderly people (WHOQOL) instrument.
Change from baseline QoL at 8 weeks
Locomotor rehabilitation index (LRI)
Time Frame: Change from baseline LRI at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the measure on sub-maximal test of walking treadmill, using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON).
Change from baseline LRI at 8 weeks
Oxygen consumption (VO2)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the of the walking test on treadmill and too using the portable gas analyzer equipment (units in ml/kg/min).
from baseline to 8 weeks
Cost of transport (C)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measured through of the walking test on a treadmill will be collected the oxigem consumption using the portable gas analyzer equipment (measure unit in ml.O2.km).
from baseline to 8 weeks
Optimal Walking Speed (OPT)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the registered image movement analysis using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) of the walking test on treadmill (unit in km/h)
from baseline to 8 weeks
Oxygen Consumption at anaerobic threshold (VO2VT2)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using the portable gas analyser VO2000 equipment.
from baseline to 8 weeks
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2peak)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using the portable gas analyser VO2000 equipment.
from baseline to 8 weeks
Heart Rate at anaerobic threshold (HRVT2)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through maximal progressive treadmill test, using a heart rate monitor (POLAR, FT1).
from baseline to 8 weeks
Rest Heart Rate (HRrest)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure using a heart rate monitor (POLAR, FT1). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the heart rate.
from baseline to 8 weeks
Exercise Heart Rate (HRexercise)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure using a heart rate monitor (POLAR, FT1) measurement of the heart rate of exercise during the walking test on treadmill at different speed.
from baseline to 8 weeks
Rest Arterial Systolic Blood Pressure (SBPrest)
Time Frame: from baseline to 8 weeks
This outcome will be measured through blood pressure ambulatory monitor (Meditech). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the arterial systolic blood pressure.
from baseline to 8 weeks
Rest Arterial Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBPrest)
Time Frame: Change from baseline DBPrest at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measured through blood pressure ambulatory monitor (Meditech, ABPM-04 equipment). The participants will remain seated in a quiet and controlled temperature room during 15 minutes prior to measurement of the arterial systolic blood pressure.
Change from baseline DBPrest at 8 weeks
Parameters of Static balance (Amplitude ans Speed of Center of pressure in X, Y and Z axis)
Time Frame: Change from baseline Parameters of Static Balance at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of Static Balance in Force Platform (AMTI)
Change from baseline Parameters of Static Balance at 8 weeks
Parameters of Dynamic variability (coefficient of variation (CoV) of Stride length (SL), stride frequency (SF), swing time (ST), and contact time (CT)
Time Frame: Change from baseline Parameters of Dynamic Balance at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the variability on sub-maximal test of walking treadmill, using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON).
Change from baseline Parameters of Dynamic Balance at 8 weeks
Spatial Temporal Parameters (stride frequency, stride length, swing time and contact time)
Time Frame: Change from baseline Spatial Temporal parameters at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the registered image movement analysis using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) of the walking test on treadmill at different speed of walking (1,2,3,4 and 5 km/h), 5 minutes at each speed.
Change from baseline Spatial Temporal parameters at 8 weeks
Parameters of Pendular Mechanism (external, internal and total mechanical work, Wext, Wint and Wtot, respectively, Recovery).
Time Frame: Change from baseline Parameters of Mechanical Work at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the registered image movement analysis using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) of the walking test on treadmill at different speed of walking (1,2,3,4 and 5 km/h), 5 minutes at each speed.
Change from baseline Parameters of Mechanical Work at 8 weeks
Other Parameters of Pendular Mechanism (Percentage of congruity (%Cong), instantaneous pendular transduction and Recovery of step, shift phase (PhaseShift).
Time Frame: Change from baseline other Parameters of Pendular Mechanism at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the registered image movement analysis using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) of the walking test on treadmill at different speed of walking (1,2,3,4 and 5 km/h), 5 minutes at each speed.
Change from baseline other Parameters of Pendular Mechanism at 8 weeks
Movement Body Center of Mass (BCoM) on X, Y, Z axis
Time Frame: Change from baseline of BCoM at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measure through of the registered image movement analysis using the three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) of the walking test on treadmill at different speed of walking (1,2,3,4 and 5 km/h), 5 minutes at each speed.
Change from baseline of BCoM at 8 weeks
Maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of the muscles: anterior deltoid (AD), triceps brachii (TB), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), anterior tibial (AT) and medial gastrocnemius (MG)
Time Frame: Change from baseline MVC at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measured through Measuring the electromyographic activation during treadmill walking tests using the Miotool electromyograph
Change from baseline MVC at 8 weeks
Electromyographic Parameters (mean amplitude of the signal and co-contraction) of the muscles: anterior deltoid (AD), triceps brachii (TB), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), anterior tibial (AT) and medial gastrocnemius (MG)
Time Frame: Change from baseline Electromyographic parameters at 8 weeks
This outcome will be measured through Measuring the electromyographic activation during treadmill walking tests using an electromyograph
Change from baseline Electromyographic parameters at 8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Leonardo A Peyré-Tartaruga, PhD, PhD student of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul- Brasil

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 8, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 24, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 31, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 31, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 24, 2017

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • LTartaruga,

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

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