Exploring the Impact of Two-week Kava on the Metabolism of Nicotine and NNK

January 9, 2020 updated by: University of Florida

A Single-Arm Pre- and Post-Pilot Trial Exploring the Impact of Two-week Kava on the Metabolism of Two Tobacco Chemicals, Nicotine and NNK, in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors Who Are Active Smokers

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of head and neck cancer in the United States. Smoking cessation remains a challenge for many head/neck cancer survivors, indicating a need for development of more effective smoking cessation interventions. Kava's properties as a proven anxiolytic and carcinogen detoxifier warrant an investigation of its efficacy as an innovative smoking cessation aid. Kava may also influence carcinogen (NNK specifically) metabolism to help reduce carcinogenesis risk.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Withdrawn

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of head and neck cancer in the United States and a significant portion of head/neck cancer survivors continue to smoke even though smoking negatively impacts their clinical outcomes and increases chance of recurrence. Two tobacco chemicals, NNK and nicotine, are respectively responsible for the increased recurrence risk and tobacco addiction. Kava s properties as a proven anxiolytic and a potential carcinogen detoxifier warrant an investigation of its effects on the metabolism of these two tobacco chemicals among head/neck cancer survivors who continue to smoke. The results will identifying surrogate biomarkers and provide information regarding kava s potential as a future intervention to both promote smoking cessation and reduce carcinogenesis risk.

Primary Objective:

To explore the feasibility of recruitment of participants, adherence rate, acceptability of treatment and completion rate with 14 day dietary supplement kava treatment in head and neck cancer patients who continue to smoke.

To evaluate distribution of change in nicotine and NNK metabolism after 14 day kava treatment.

Exploratory Objective:

To evaluate distribution of change in mood after 14 day kava treatment. To evaluate prevalence of pain and pain medication use and distribution of change in pain and pain medication consumption after 14 day kava treatment.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 1

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

17 years to 95 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Individuals eligible for study participation must meet the following criteria:

  • Must be a current smoker with history of head and neck cancer.
  • Must be at least 3 months out from completing definitive cancer treatment.
  • Must not be undergoing active treatment for cancer or have known recurrence.
  • Subjects must have adequate organ function, as defined by: the clinical chemistry analysis of ALT, ALP, AST and total bilirubin within the normal range.
  • Subjects must have access to a functional telephone.
  • Written informed consent obtained from the subject or the subject's legal representative and the ability for the subject to comply with all the study-related procedures.
  • Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must be using an adequate method of contraception to avoid pregnancy throughout the study. Prior to study enrollment, women of childbearing potential must be advised of the importance of avoiding pregnancy during trial participation and the potential risk factors for an unintentional pregnancy.

WOCBP include any woman who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or who is not post-menopausal. Post-menopause is defined as:

  • Amenorrhea that has lasted for ≥ 12 consecutive months without another cause, or
  • For women with irregular menstrual periods who are taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT), a documented serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level of greater than 35 mIU/mL.
  • Males with female partners of child-bearing potential must agree to use physician-approved contraceptive methods (e.g., abstinence, condoms, vasectomy) throughout the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects with any of the following will not be eligible for study participation:

  • Known liver disease as defined by the following elevated serum levels of AST, ALK Phos, ALT or total bilirubin:
  • Consumption of more than three alcoholic drinks per day
  • D. Subjects must not have been diagnosed with any liver dysfunction
  • Subjects who regularly take more than the recommended dose of acetaminophen for pain management.
  • Females or males of childbearing potential who are unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method to avoid pregnancy for the entire study period.
  • Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
  • History of any other disease, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding giving reasonable suspicion of a disease or condition that contraindicates the use of protocol therapy or that might affect the interpretation of the results of the study or that puts the subject at high risk for treatment complications, in the opinion of the treating physician.
  • Prisoners or subjects who are involuntarily incarcerated.
  • Subjects who are compulsorily detained for treatment of either a psychiatric or physical illness.
  • Subjects demonstrating an inability to comply with the study and/or follow-up procedures.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Kava
This is a single-arm pre- and post- Phase 0/1 study with one primary goal to explore the feasibility of recruitment of participants, adherence rate, acceptability of treatment and completion rate with 14 day dietary supplement kava treatment in head and neck cancer patients who continue to smoke. The other primary goal is to evaluate distribution of change in nicotine and NNK metabolism after 14 day kava treatment..
Drug: Kava
Kava: 75 mg three times daily (3 capsules)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Total NNAL
Time Frame: Two weeks
Total NNAL (the creatinine-normalized sum of NNAL, NNAL-N-gluc, and NNAL-O-gluc) will be calculated via urinary analysis at the screening visit and the final study visit to determine kava's effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carcinogens [NNK: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3(pyridyl)-1-butanone].
Two weeks
The ratio of total NNAL-gluc to NNAL
Time Frame: Two weeks
The ratio of total NNAL-gluc to NNAL will be calculated via urinary analysis at the screening visit and the final study visit to determine kava's effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carcinogens [NNK: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3(pyridyl)-1-butanone].
Two weeks
The urinary DNA adducts of 3-mA upon TNE correction
Time Frame: Two weeks
The urinary DNA adducts of 3-mA upon TNE correction will be calculated via urinary analysis at the screening visit and the final study visit to determine kava's effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carcinogens [NNK: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3(pyridyl)-1-butanone].
Two weeks
The ratio of total NNAL to TNE
Time Frame: Two weeks
The ratio of total NNAL to TNE (the creatinine-normalized sum of total nicotine, total cotinine, total 3-hydroxycotinine, and nicotine N-oxide) will be calculated via urinary analysis at the screening visit and the final study visit to determine kava's effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carcinogens [NNK: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3(pyridyl)-1-butanone].
Two weeks
The DNA adducts in the buccal cells from oral swab
Time Frame: Two weeks
The DNA adducts in the buccal cells will be calculated via oral swab at the screening visit and the final study visit to determine kava's effect on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carcinogens [NNK: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3(pyridyl)-1-butanone].
Two weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to positively affect mood will be evaluated via questionnaire. The PANAS scale consists of 20 words that describe different feelings and emotions that can be rated as: 1) Very slightly or not at all 2) A little 3) Moderately 4) Quite a bit 5) Extremely. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
WHO Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)
Time Frame: Two weeks
Kava's effect on pain and pain medicine consumption will be evaluated via questionnaire. The WHOQOL-BREF instrument comprises 26 items, which measure the following broad domains: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
Brief Pain Inventory Questionnaire
Time Frame: Two weeks
Kava's effect on pain and pain medicine consumption will be evaluated via questionnaire. The purpose of the BPI is to assess the severity of pain and the impact of pain on daily functions, and focuses on patients with pain from chronic diseases or conditions such as cancer, osteoarthritis and low back pain, or with pain from acute conditions such as postoperative pain. It assesses areas of pain severity, impact of pain on daily function, location of pain, pain medications and amount of pain relief in the past 24 hours or the past week. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to reduce tobacco use will be evaluated via questionnaire. The MNWS is used to assess withdrawal symptoms. The nine items of the MNWS included the following: urge to smoke (craving); depressed mood; irritability, frustration, or anger; anxiety; difficulty concentrating; restlessness; increased appetite; difficulty going to sleep; and difficulty staying asleep. Each item was rated by a subject on an ordinal scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extreme). This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
Fagerstrom Test Nicotine Dependence (FTND)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to reduce tobacco use will be evaluated via questionnaire. The FTND is a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine. This test was designed to provide an ordinal measure of nicotine dependence related to cigarette smoking. It contains six items that evaluate the quantity of cigarette consumption, the compulsion to use, and dependence. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU-Brief)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to reduce tobacco use will be evaluated via questionnaire. The QSU-Brief questionnaire consists of 10 items comprising four putative features of craving including anticipation of relief of nicotine withdrawal, anticipation of positive outcomes of smoking, desire to smoke, and intention to smoke. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
Modified Cigarette Evaluation Scale (mCES)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to reduce tobacco use will be evaluated via questionnaire. The mCES contains 12 items rated on a 0-6 point Likert scale from 'not at all' to 'extremely'. The mCES is comprised of several subscales: Smoking Satisfaction, Psychological Reward, Aversion, Enjoyment of Respiratory Tract Sensations, and Craving Reduction. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks
Cancer Patient Tobacco Use Questionnaire (C-TUQ)
Time Frame: Two weeks
The efficacy of the dietary supplement kava to reduce tobacco use will be evaluated via questionnaire. The C-TUQ is a 22-item self-report survey designed to capture information about tobacco use by cancer patients and cancer survivors. The C-TUQ survey tool is divided into five domains: 1) Basic Tobacco Use Information 2) Cigarette Smoking in Relation to Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment 3) Smoking Cessation, Cessation Products, and Assistance Methods 4) Use of Other Products 5) Second-Hand Smoke Exposure. This questionnaire will be completed at the initial study visit and at the final study visit.
Two weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Florida

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Natalie Silver, MD, University of Florida

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Anticipated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2020

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 1, 2020

Study Completion (Anticipated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 20, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 20, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 31, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 13, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 9, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • IRB201801361
  • UF-PDO-HN-1001 (Other Identifier: University of Florida)
  • OCR18359 (Other Identifier: University of Florida)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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