Mesenchymal Stem Cells for The Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects of age between ≥ 20 through ≤ 80 years.
2. Subjects who had an onset of ischemic stroke within 48 to 168 hours before start of treatment.
3. Subjects with occurrence of an ischemic stroke with clear motor or speech deficit documented by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 5 to 20 (at the baseline assessment) that did not change by ≥4 points from the screening to the baseline assessment.
4. Subjects who had an onset of ischemic stroke with large-artery atherosclerosis or cardioembolism.
5. Subjects with confirmation of hemispheric cortical infarct with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging demonstrating an acute lesion measuring <100 mL.
6. Subjects modified Rankin score of 0 or 1, reported by subject or family, prior to the onset of symptoms of the current stroke.
7. Subjects with body weight of 50 to 90 kgs.
8. Subject or legal guardian is willing to provide written informed consent to participate in the study after reading the informed consent form and the information provided, and has had the opportunity to discuss the study with the investigator or designee.
9. Women of child-bearing potential should have a negative urine pregnancy test prior to administration of investigational product, UNLESS they meet the following criteria:

(1) Post-menopausal: 12 months of natural (spontaneous) amenorrhea or 6 months of spontaneous amenorrhea with serum Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels > 40mIU/mL, OR; (2) 6 weeks post-surgical bilateral oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects with occurrence of a hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke as evidenced by computerized tomography.
2. Subjects with a lacunar a lesion of ≤ 1.5 cm of longest diameter or a brainstem infarct on MRI as the etiology of current stroke symptoms.
3. Subjects with reduced level of consciousness (score of 3 for item 1a of NIHSS).
4. Subjects who experienced seizures since the onset of ischemic stroke.
5. Subjects with significant head trauma (GCS=3~8) or prior stroke within previous 3 months (except transient ischemic attack (TIA)).
6. Subjects with uncontrolled hypertension despite antihypertensive treatments (persistent systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg or diastolic >110 mm Hg).
7. Subjects with blood glucose concentration <50 mg/dL or >400 mg/dL.

8. Subjects with uncorrected coagulopathy including, but not limited to:

   1. International normalized ratio (INR) >1.4; or
   2. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) < 28sec or > 50sec ; or
   3. Platelet (PLT) count <100,000/ mm3 or > 700,000/ mm3.
9. Subjects with history of any type of malignancy.
10. Subjects with major surgery (body organs that require anesthesia, such as tumor removal, open chest, heart surgery, abdominal surgery, intracranial surgery, or normal surgery for more than 3 hours, etc.) within previous 30 days.
11. Subjects who are pregnant (or plan to become pregnant within 3 months of investigational product treatment) or lactating.

12. Subjects who have a significant illness as judged by principal investigator (PI) including, but not limited to:

    1. Severe kidney disease requiring hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis; or
    2. Advanced liver disease such as liver cirrhosis; or
    3. Severe congestive heart failure (NYHA class 3 and 4); or
    4. Severe pulmonary dysfunction, including severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and history of lung resection; or
    5. A known history of alcohol abuse or drug abuse within the 6 months before study drug administration, or a history of substance abuse deemed significant by the investigator; or
    6. A known history of severe allergic such as anaphylactic reactions; or
    7. A known history of allergy or hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation (normal saline and human serum albumin); or
    8. A known history of Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, Parkinson's disease, or any other neurological disorder that in the opinion of the trial doctor would affect their ability to participate in the trial or confound study assessments;

13. Subjects who have the following conditions in laboratory tests;

    1. >2 × upper limit of normal (ULN) for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST); or
    2. >2 × ULN for serum creatinine;
14. Subjects who are known to be infected with HIV.
15. Subjects who cannot have CT or MRI test.
16. Subjects unable to return for follow-up visits for clinical evaluation, laboratory studies, or imaging evaluation.
17. Subjects who participated in another clinical study of new investigational therapies or has received an investigational therapy within 1 year before the study drug administration.

18. Subjects who have the following medical history including:

    1. Autoimmune disease such as anti-phospholipid syndrome.
    2. Protein C deficiency.
    3. Protein S deficiency.
    4. Sickle cell anemia.
    5. Deep vein thrombosis.
    6. Pulmonary embolism
    7. Long-term use of oral contraceptive drug(defined as using oral contraceptive drug continuously more than 30 days)
    8. Controlled drug abuse.
    9. Brain vascular malformations such as moyamoya disease.