Effects of Plyometric Training on University Female Tennis Players' Physical Fitness and Serve Performance

April 23, 2024 updated by: Deng Nuannuan, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Effects of Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness and Serve Performance Among University Female Tennis Players

The main objective of this study is to examine the effects of upper and lower limb plyometric training on the selected physical fitness and serve performance among university female tennis players in China.

The main hypothesis of this study is to evaluate whether there are significant effects of 8 weeks of upper and lower limb plyometric training on selected physical fitness and serve performance among university female tennis players in China.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This intervention lasted for 8 weeks, two times each week, for 30-60 minutes of low-high intensity exercise. The content of the experimental group and control group of exercises mainly includes warm-up, primary content, and cool down. The intervention included push-ups and medicine ball exercises for the upper limbs and jumping, hopping exercises for the lower limbs. Exercises for the upper limbs were immediately followed by lower-limb exercises, with no intervening rest periods. all plyometric exercises, including those involving the upper and lower limbs, were executed with maximal effort, with the goal of reducing contact time during each repetition, and with no allowance for rest periods between jumps. During the intervention, the control group just continued with their regular training regime (e.g., normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills), twice a week, for the duration of the experiment.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
40

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.
  • Name: Kim Geok Soh, Professor
  • Phone Number: 03-97698153
  • Email: kims@upm.edu.my

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • China
      • Chongqing, China, 400010
        • Chongqing university
      • Chongqing, China, 400010
        • Southwest university

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 24 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. University female tennis players (aged 18-24 years old);
  2. Players who had been trained professionally for more than three years
  3. No history of recent surgery, no rehabilitation for the past 12 months;
  4. Not systematically trained in plyometric training;

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Tennis-specific training time less than 3 years;
  2. Players with a history of recent fractures or any injury;
  3. Presently involved in a plyometric training program;

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Plyometric training
The 8 weeks of plyometric training included push-ups and medicine ball exercises for the upper limbs and jumping, hopping exercises for the lower limbs. Exercises for the upper limbs were immediately followed by lower-limb exercises, with no intervening rest periods.
Other: Plyometric training
Plyometric training can be described as a type of exercise that involves a rapid and forceful movement that consists of an eccentric contraction, followed by an immediate and explosive concentric contraction. Upper and lower limb plyometrics are exercises that enable an upper and lower body muscle group to react quickly to produce maximal strength
Active Comparator: Routine training
During the intervention, the control group just continued with their routine training regime (e.g., normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills), twice a week, for the duration of the experiment.
Other: Routine training
Regular tennis training, including normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from baseline power performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Power is the ability to perform strength based movements quickly.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline strength performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Strength is the maximal force or torque that a muscle can generate.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline speed performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
The ability to move all or part of the body as quickly as possible
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline agility performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Agility is a skill considered to be important for many sports and has been defined as "a rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline endurance performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Endurance describes your body's ability to maintain physical activity for an extended amount of time.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline flexibility performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Flexibility is the ability to move muscles and joints through a full normal range of motion.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline serve velocity performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
It is one of the most repeated strokes during the game.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
Change from baseline serve accuracy performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
Time Frame: Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end
In many sports, the accuracy of the execution of a motor skill determines success or failure.
Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Universiti Putra Malaysia

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Nuannuan Deng, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 8, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 18, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 20, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 3, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 24, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 6, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 24, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 23, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Deng Nuannuan

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Since this is my doctoral thesis experiment, I won't share it until I graduate

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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