The Effects of Exercise Timing and Intensity on Motor Learning in Healthy Adults.

December 11, 2023 updated by: Muhammed Şeref Yıldırım, Trakya University

Effects of a Single Bout of Low and Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Acquisition and Retention of Motor Learning in Young Adults

The purpose of this study is to compare of the effects of a single session of aerobic exercise with different intensity and timing on motor learning processes in healthy young adults.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Long-term aerobic training are associated with improved motor learning. Recent studies have shown that even a single bout of moderate or high ıntensity aerobic exercise can lead to immediate improvements on motor learning. On the other hand, there is still insufficient knowledge about whether aerobic exercise should occur before or after motor practice and what the intensity of aerobic exercise should be. In this study, the ınvestigators examined the effects of a single bout of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercise applied before or after motor practice on golf putting task. Additionally, the ınvestıgators evaluated the effects of sleep quality on motor learning and the acute effects of the exercise on cognition. 75 young adults were divided into five groups: two groups that did low or moderate intensity aerobic exercise before motor practice (LOW-MP, MOD-MP), two groups that did aerobic exercise after motor practice (MP-LOW, MP-MOD), and non-exercise control group. The acquisition practice consisted of six blocks of ten golf puttings. The retention was also evaluated both 1 day and 7 days after the experimental day with one block each. The putting performance was measured with accuracy and consistency error scores were computed for each acquisition and retention block. The sleep quality of the night before and the experimental day were evaluated using the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
75

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • İskender
      • Edirne, İskender, Turkey, 22100
        • Faculty of Health Science, Trakya University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 18-24 years
  • Risk score less than two based on The American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) health/fitness facility pre-participation screening questionnaire
  • Physical activity level>1500 MET/min weeks based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • being elite athletes
  • being smokers
  • using psychiatric/neurologic medications.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: MP-LOW (pre-motor practice (MP) low ıntensity aerobic exercise )

On the experimental day, they participated in 60 golf puttings (acquisition practice) followed by a half-hour low-intensity treadmill run.

Retention levels were measured 1 and 7 days after the experimental day with 10 puttings each.

Sleep quality (richard campbell sleep questionnaire) and cognitive level (Paced auditory serial addition test) were evaluated in all participants.
Behavioral: low ıntensity aerobic exercise
The exercise intervention was 30 min of treadmill jogging/running. After a two-minute warm-up walk at 1.0 m/s, the treadmill speed was increased to 57-63% maximum heart rate.
Experimental: MP-MOD (pre-motor practice (MP) moderate ıntensity aerobic exercise )

On the experimental day, they participated in 60 golf puttings (acquisition practice) followed by a half-hour moderate-intensity treadmill run.

Retention levels were measured 1 and 7 days after the experimental day with 10 puttings each.

Sleep quality (richard campbell sleep questionnaire) and cognitive level (Paced auditory serial addition test) were evaluated in all participants.
Behavioral: moderate ıntensity aerobic exercise
The exercise intervention was 30 min of treadmill jogging/running. After a two-minute warm-up walk at 1.0 m/s, the treadmill speed was increased to 64-76% maximum heart rate.
Experimental: MOD-MP (post-motor practice (MP) moderate ıntensity aerobic exercise )

On the experimental day, they participated in a half-hour moderate-intensity treadmill run followed by 60 golf puttings (acquisition practices).

Retention levels were measured 1 and 7 days after the experimental day with 10 puttings each.

Sleep quality (richard campbell sleep questionnaire) and cognitive level (Paced auditory serial addition test) were evaluated in all participants.
Behavioral: moderate ıntensity aerobic exercise
The exercise intervention was 30 min of treadmill jogging/running. After a two-minute warm-up walk at 1.0 m/s, the treadmill speed was increased to 64-76% maximum heart rate.
Experimental: LOW-MP ((post-motor practice (MP) low ıntensity aerobic exercise )

On the experimental day, they participated in a half-hour low-intensity treadmill run followed by 60 golf puttings (acquisition practices).

Retention levels were measured 1 and 7 days after the experimental day with 10 puttings each.

Sleep quality (richard campbell sleep questionnaire) and cognitive level (Paced auditory serial addition test) were evaluated in all participants.
Behavioral: low ıntensity aerobic exercise
The exercise intervention was 30 min of treadmill jogging/running. After a two-minute warm-up walk at 1.0 m/s, the treadmill speed was increased to 57-63% maximum heart rate.
No Intervention: Control

On the experimental day, they completed 60 golf puttings (just acquisition practices- NO EXERCISE) Retention levels were measured 1 and 7 days after the experimental day with 10 puttings each.

Sleep quality (richard campbell sleep questionnaire) and cognitive level (Paced auditory serial addition test) were evaluated in all participants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Bivariate variable error score (BVE)
Time Frame: For each of 8 golf putting blocks (6 acquisition blocks on the experimental day, 1 retention block 1 day after the experimental day and 1 retention block 7 days after the experimental day
The distance of the ball to the target in the x- and y-coordinates was recorded for each putting with the help of coordinate lines drawn on the artificial grass mat. Recorded coordinates were used to calculate the bivariate variable error (BVE) scores. The BVE, also referred to as consistency, was measured, as the average of the absolute distance to the subject's own midpoint. Each subject's midpoint was measured as the average hit location over ten puttings for each block. Lower BVE indicates greater consistency.
For each of 8 golf putting blocks (6 acquisition blocks on the experimental day, 1 retention block 1 day after the experimental day and 1 retention block 7 days after the experimental day
Median Radial Error (MRE)
Time Frame: For each of 8 golf putting blocks (6 acquisition blocks on the experimental day, 1 retention block 1 day after the experimental day and 1 retention block 7 days after the experimental day
The distance of the ball to the target in the x- and y-coordinates was recorded for each putting with the help of coordinate lines drawn on the artificial grass mat. Recorded coordinates were used to calculate the Median Radial Error (MRE) scores. The mean radial error (MRE) was measured as the average of the absolute distances to the centre of the target of the 10 shots comprising each block.
For each of 8 golf putting blocks (6 acquisition blocks on the experimental day, 1 retention block 1 day after the experimental day and 1 retention block 7 days after the experimental day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT)
Time Frame: For the four exercise groups: On the experimental day 2 times immediately before and after the half-hour exercise For control group: immediately before and after the half-hour rest.
The PASAT is a measure of cognitive function that assesses auditory information processing speed and working memory, as well as calculation ability. The PASAT is presented using recording tape to ensure standardization in the rate of stimulus presentation. Single digits are presented every 2 seconds and the patient must add each new digit to the one immediately prior to it. The score for the PASAT is the total number correct out of 60 possible answers.
For the four exercise groups: On the experimental day 2 times immediately before and after the half-hour exercise For control group: immediately before and after the half-hour rest.
Richard Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ)
Time Frame: Day 1 (experimental day) and Day 2 (1 day retention visit)
The RCSQ is a five-item self-report questionnaire that is used in order to assess perceived sleep depth, sleep latency (time to fall asleep), and number of awakenings, as well as sleep efficiency and quality.
Day 1 (experimental day) and Day 2 (1 day retention visit)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Trakya University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Muhammed Ş Yıldırım, PhD, Trakya University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 12, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 4, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
October 4, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 3, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 3, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 12, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 18, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 11, 2023

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • TU-FTR-MŞY-001

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

I can share my data with all participants who contact me by e-mail.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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