The Prevalence of Personality Disorders in Outpatient Forensic Mental Health in the Netherlands (PREVPDFOROUT)

March 24, 2025 updated by: Barbera Van Reijswoud, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Personality disorders are associated with increased risk of violence and recidivism. Since information about the prevalence of personality disorders in outpatient forensic mental health care is scarce, the prevalence numbers in the Netherlands will be registered, in retrospective.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Mentally disturbed people who commit or are at high risk of committing a crime, are treated in forensic psychiatry in the Netherlands. Treatment aims at preventing recidivism or lowering the risk of committing a crime by treating the psychiatric or psychological problems. Some people are committed in a hospital to receive this forensic psychiatric treatment, but a large group is treated in an outpatient forensic health (OFMH) facility.

All diagnoses and additional offences are treated in forensic psychiatry. Diagnoses are usually established through the DSM-5 and include, for example, psychotic disorders, substance-related disorder or sexual dysfunction. The offences are for instance, aggressive behavior, sexual violence, acquisition crimes or behavior problems like stalking.

In the Netherlands the Risk Need Responsivity (RNR) model is used in all kinds of forensic treatment and also in OFMH. Besides working on the most common risk factors like substance abuse or problematic circumstances at school or work, recognizing psychiatric diagnoses is important because this can be a risk factor in itself. Mental health problems can be seen both as a criminogenic need or as a responsivity factor.

Personality disorder (PD) is one of the diagnoses that is important to recognize. PDs are associated with increased risk of violent and antisocial behavior, and with recidivism risk. PD's also require a specific treatment approach; therefore, there are programs that focus on this group. Knowledge about prevalence is important for several reasons. Prevalence studies show the disease burden of certain conditions and promote both the recognition of these and the formulation of policy in healthcare. Knowledge of prevalence rates can also help therapists to be more attentive to certain problems or diagnoses, such as PDs. Consequently, this knowledge can facilitate the identification of PDs, which also ensures that treatment approaches are better tailored to PDs. A systematic review of studies on detainees found that 46% of the men and 21 % of the women were diagnose with antisocial PD and 65% of the men and 42% of the women exhibited a PD, including antisocial PD. In forensic inpatients almost 78%* of the population had a PD with 28% a cluster B PD and 42% a PD not otherwise specified. So, prevalence figures in forensic populations are quite high. The question however arises whether PDs are also common among forensic outpatients in the Netherlands? Figures on prevalence of PDs in OFMH are however scarce. Therefore, this research aims at identifying the prevalence of PDs in OFMH in the Netherlands.

research question: What DSM-5 classifications have been made (primary and secondary)? How can the group with a PS be described with respect to gender, age, education, nationality, legal title, nature of offense and care received.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
8000

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

all patients from forensic outpatients facilities who received care in 2023 in the Netherlands

Description

Inclusion Criteria: information of all patients from forensic outpatients facilities who received care in 2023 in the Netherlands -

Exclusion Criteria: no

-

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
prevalence of Personality disorders (PDs)
Time Frame: 2023
PDs according to DSM 5 criteria in number of people and percentages
2023

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
socio demographic correlates
Time Frame: 2023
gender, age, education, nationality in number of people and percentages
2023
crime and sort of treatment
Time Frame: 2023
indexcrime and form of treatment (For-fact or ambulatory) in number of people and percentages
2023

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Barbera van reijswoud, drs, Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Publications and helpful links

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General Publications

Study record dates

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Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 23, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 24, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 5, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 5, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 11, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 28, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 24, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • BvRVUBdeeloz2

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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