Closed-loop tACS Modulation for the Core Clinical Features of Drug Addiction

May 8, 2026 updated by: Shanghai Mental Health Center

Individualized Neuromodulation Intervention Techniques for the Core Clinical Features of Drug Addiction

Using specific EEG biomarkers in methamphetamine-dependent individuals, this study systematically probes the effect of closed-loop tACS based on brain states

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) addiction represents a severe public health concern. Individuals addicted to methamphetamine exhibit intense cravings and physiological reactions when exposed to addiction-related cues, a phenomenon termed "cue reactivity." Cue reactivity is a critical factor in the development and persistence of addiction. Impairments in inhibitory control are considered a significant factor contributing to the emergence of cue reactivity. Conventional pharmacological and physical interventions suffer from low efficiency and high effect variance. Closed-loop physical interventions, which adjust stimulation parameters in real-time based on brain state, are an innovative approach with the potential to enhance the precision and efficiency of treatments. Closed-loop interventions based on transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) hold promise as a novel therapeutic method for treating methamphetamine addiction. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effect of closed-loop tACS on cue reactivity and inhibition control function in MUD. Therefore, the investigators intend to employ the non-invasive tACS technique, predicated upon biomarkers of addiction states, to administer specific frequency stimulations to targeted brain regions, aiming to achieve therapeutic objectives in addiction treatment.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
21

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200000
      • Shanghai, Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200000, China
        • Shanghai Mental Health Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Individuals aged between 18 and 55 years, irrespective of gender, having completed a minimum of 9 years of education or are capable of effectively cooperating in questionnaire evaluations.

Meet the diagnostic criteria set forth by the DSM-5 concerning the severity of amphetamine-type substance addiction.

A history of utilizing amphetamine-type substances for a duration not less than one year, with a frequency of use of at least once per week.

Consent to actively cooperate in the completion of subsequent follow-up assessments.

Exclusion Criteria:

Severe cognitive functional impairments manifested through a history of head trauma, cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, etc., or usage of cognitive enhancement drugs in the past 6 months; an intellectual disability with an IQ score less than 70.

A diagnosis of schizophrenia or other severe mental illnesses as per the DSM-5 criteria.

Abuse or dependence on other psychoactive substances (excluding nicotine) within the past 5 years.

Severe organic diseases that might compromise study participation. Contraindications to tACS, include a history of epileptic seizures or the presence of metallic implants in proximity to the head.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Closed-loop tACS stimulation based on addiction-induced states
In the initial phase of this study, participants will be subjected to individual closed-loop tACS interventions for ten-days intervals. Concurrently, they will be exposed to MA-related cue paradigms to induce brain addiction states, while scalp EEG signals are collected. Stimulation will be initiated only upon identifying specific neural signals associated with MA cues.
Device: Closed-loop tACS stimulation based on addiction-induced states
We conducted a longitudinal controlled study of closed-loop tACS interventions among MA dependents.This involved implementing interventions based on addiction-induced states.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale for craving (VAS-Craving)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 5 days
The intensity of psychological craving in MA dependents was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale for craving (VAS-Craving), where individuals rated their cravings on a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater levels of craving. The VAS scores were utilized based on two conditions: during a resting state and when subjected to cue induction involving images associated with methamphetamine, serving as the criteria for evaluation.
through study completion, an average of 5 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Stop-signal task
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 5 days
The stop-signal task can indicate executive control capabilities by measuring Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), Stop-signal delays (SSD), Go-task reaction time (RT), and Success and failure inhibition rates. A lower SSRT value indicates better inhibitory control.
through study completion, an average of 5 days
Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 5 days
The Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) measures the overall craving level within a period from a multidimensional perspective. The scale consists of 13 items and uses a five-point scoring system, with each item scored on a scale of 1 to 5. The higher the total score, the greater the level of craving.
through study completion, an average of 5 days

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Shanghai Mental Health Center

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: MIn Zhao, Shanghai Mental Health Center

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 30, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 30, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 6, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 6, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 12, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 8, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MZhao-016

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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