Vancomycin Reduction Practices (VRP) in the NICU

December 18, 2025 updated by: Sagori Mukhopadhyay, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Implementing Vancomycin Reducing Practices (VRP) in Preterm Infants

This multi-center, cluster randomized study aimed at improving implementation of vancomycin reducing practices (VRP) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Sites will be recruited and randomized to receive either external facilitation or no external facilitation to assess the effect on center-level fidelity to the core components of VRP implementation. Interventions available to both study arms are directed at hospital staff and includes identification of local champions, educational outreach, unit-level audit & feedback, and use of a clinical decision support tool.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
13

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Modesto, California, United States, 95356
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • Oakland, California, United States, 94611
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente East Bay - Oakland Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • Roseville, California, United States, 95661
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente Roseville Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94115
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • San Leandro, California, United States, 94577
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente San Leandro Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • Santa Clara, California, United States, 95051
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical Center
        • Contact:
      • Walnut Creek, California, United States, 94596
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical Center
        • Contact:
    • New Jersey
      • Plainsboro, New Jersey, United States, 08536
        • Recruiting
        • Medical Center of Princeton
        • Contact:
      • Voorhees Township, New Jersey, United States, 08043
        • Recruiting
        • Virtua Voorhees
        • Contact:
    • Pennsylvania
      • Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States, 17602
        • Recruiting
        • Lancaster General Hospital
        • Contact:
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
        • Recruiting
        • Pennsylvania Hospital
        • Contact:
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • Recruiting
        • Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
        • Contact:
      • West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States, 19380
        • Recruiting
        • Chester County Hospital
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Level III NICU
  • Affiliated with Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) or Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Newborn Care Network (CNBCN)
  • Recruited by study team

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Site not recruited for the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Sites receiving external facilitation
Sites will receive guidance from an external facilitator to support uptake of the VRP.
Behavioral: External Facilitation
Designated external facilitators will conduct monthly meetings with local champions at each site. Designated facilitators will follow the developed facilitation guide, that includes content area to cover in each meeting, case scenarios as examples, and tips on how to communicate and support the internal facilitators. The goal is to enable problem-solving and support the local champion in implementing VRP with fidelity
No Intervention: Sites not receiving external facilitation
Sites will not receive guidance from an external facilitator.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Fidelity of VRP use
Time Frame: 2.5 years - From beginning of implementation phase to the end of the sustainment phase
Proportion of late onset sepsis (LOS) evaluations performed with high fidelity. High fidelity is defined when the evaluation follows all three core components of VRP use.
2.5 years - From beginning of implementation phase to the end of the sustainment phase

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Appropriateness/acceptability
Time Frame: 2.5 years - From beginning of implementation phase to the end of the sustainment phase
Response to questions about whether vancomycin reducing practices (VRP) was agreeable and/or a good fit for the unit measured using validated instruments comprising of 5-point Likert scales (Weiner et al). Participants are offered options ranging from completely disagree (1) to completely agree (5), with higher scores indicating a higher degree of acceptability or feasibility.
2.5 years - From beginning of implementation phase to the end of the sustainment phase

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Sagori Mukhopadhyay, MD, MMSc, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 2, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 9, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 9, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 13, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 24, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 18, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 24-021976
  • GRT-00003877 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Agency for Health Care Research and Quality)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

Participants here are the clinicians at the sites randomized to external facilitation. The investigators obtain survey (de-identified) and interview data from representative group of the clinicians. Since the investigators will be gathering richly detailed qualitative data that, even if de-identified of names or locations, can still be linked back to sites or individuals, the investigators will not share interview data for secondary analysis or use beyond the purposes of the proposal. The investigators will maintain de-identified (for both site and respondent identifiers) survey output that can be shared upon appropriate request to the principal investigator.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Cookie Settings

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. For more details carefully read our Privacy and Cookies Policy. ...>>>You can change your preferences or withdraw your consent at any time by deleting the cookies from your website or computer as described in the policy. Please accept it and choose your preferences by ticking the corresponding boxes in the "Manage Settings" section below. Please carefully read our Terms of Service before you proceed with using any part of this website.
«Manage Settings